美国国家公共电台 NPR 美国高校起诉成功 ICE认怂撤销留学生新规（在线收听）

International students will be permitted to stay in the U.S. for the fall semester if their school choose to hold online-only classes. Last week, Harvard and MIT sued U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement over a rule that would have barred those international students from the country unless they enrolled in at least one in-person class. This is a win for schools and for students who'd been trying to plan for the fall semester. And NPR's Elissa Nadworny joins us now.

如果学校选择只上网课，国际留学生可以在秋季学期留在美国。上周，哈佛大学和麻省理工学院起诉美国移民和海关执法局（简称ICE），因为该机构颁布的一项规定禁止这些国际留学生入境美国，除非他们至少注册一门面授课程。而今天的更改对一直努力为秋季学期做计划的学校和学生来说是场胜利。NPR新闻的伊莉莎·纳德沃尼将带来详细报道。

Hi, Elissa.

你好，伊莉莎。

ELISSA NADWORNY, BYLINE: Hey, Sarah.

伊莉莎·纳德沃尼连线：你好，萨拉。

MCCAMMON: So what happened today?

麦卡蒙：今天发生了什么？

NADWORNY: Well, Harvard and MIT took ICE to court today over a rule that would have potentially affected more than a million international students. Basically, the rule said if schools were all online because of the pandemic, their students couldn't stay in the U.S. So that's not a new rule.

纳德沃尼：今天，哈佛大学和麻省理工学院因一项可能影响100余万名国际留学生的规定将美国移民和海关执法局告上法庭。基本上，该规定表示如果学校因新冠疫情的影响而只上网课，那学校的留学生就不能留在美国。这并不是新规定。

But in March, when pretty much every school went virtual, ICE had allowed for flexibility for, quote, "the duration of the emergency." The rule issued last week was largely seen as a way for the Trump administration to push schools to reopen in the fall. So in court today, universities were expected to make arguments saying that this rule was onerous, even dangerous for students. Instead, a judge said the schools had reached an agreement with the government to rescind the policy.

但今年3月，当几乎所有学校都转为网上教学时，美国移民和海关执法局为“紧急情况的持续”提供了灵活性。上周颁布的规定在很大程度上被视为特朗普政府逼迫学校在秋季开学的一种方式。今天，各所大学原本计划在法庭上提出的论据是，这项规定过于苛刻，甚至对学生构成危险。但这并未发生，而是由一名法官宣布，学校已与政府达成撤销这项政策的协议。

MCCAMMON: And, Elissa, schools will now be able to hold online classes this fall without fear of losing their international students. How are the schools reacting?

麦卡蒙：伊莉莎，现在学校能在秋季上网课，而且不用担心损失国际留学生。学校有何回应？

NADWORNY: Yeah, that's right. Well, there is a lot of relief. Many had decided to go mostly virtual. This rule from ICE last week kind of threw a wrench in all of that, you know? In some cases, schools were having to reevaluate every course offering to make sure that their international students would be able to have those in-person or hybrid courses to be able to comply.

纳德沃尼：没错。学校基本上都松了口气。许多学校决定以网课为主。美国移民和海关执法局上周颁布的规定打乱了所有计划。在某些情况下，学校不得不重新评估每门课程，以确保他们的国际留学生能上面授课程或混合课程，确保学生能遵守规定。

I spoke with Pablo Ortiz, who oversees international students and global campuses for Florida International University. That's a public university in Florida. They have thousands of international students from more than 140 countries. Let's listen to his response to today's news.

我采访了帕布罗·奥尔蒂斯，他负责监管佛罗里达大学的国际留学生和全球校园。佛罗里达大学是佛州的公立大学。这所学校有来自140多个国家的数千名留学生。我们来听听他对今天这一新闻的反应。

PABLO ORTIZ: It is certainly good news. I mean, we're happy to hear that. But we are cautiously optimistic that it will remain as such, and we'll be ready for any decisions that are made.

帕布罗·奥尔蒂斯：这当然是个好消息。我们很高兴听到这个消息。但我们持谨慎乐观的态度，我们认为现状可能维持，我们将为任何决定做好准备。

NADWORNY: So before today's change, FIU was having to rework about 3,500 individual course schedules for their international students to make sure they complied, which is a major undertaking. Ortiz said administrators at FIU are still going to keep planning multiple scenarios. You know, they don't want to get caught off guard again as they were last week.

纳德沃尼：在今天的改变发生前，佛罗里达大学不得不为国际留学生修改约3500份课程表，以确保他们能遵守规定，这是一项重大的任务。奥尔蒂斯表示，佛罗里达大学的管理人员将继续规划多种方案。他们不想再像上周那样措手不及。

It's also worth mentioning for schools that international students bring a lot of money. You know, they often pay full tuition. Many schools attached to this lawsuit cited big losses if this rule were going to go into effect. So this is good news for the bottom line for colleges.

对学校来说值得一提的是，国际留学生会带来大量资金。这些学生通常支付全额学费。许多与这起诉讼有关联的学校称，如果这项规定生效，他们将遭受重大损失。因此，这对学校的利益来说也是个好消息。

MCCAMMON: And, obviously, good news for these international students. How are they reacting?

麦卡蒙：显然，这对国际留学生来说也是好消息。他们有何回应？

NADWORNY: You know, there's still a lot of uncertainty for many international students, especially those who are outside of the U.S. But, yes, this is good news for so many students in the U.S. trying to stay here to study. Sumana Kaluvai is a UCLA grad who — she created a website last week to help current international students try and find in-person classes basically to allow them to comply and to stay. She's been working around the clock to help students. She was shocked to hear this news. Here she is.

纳德沃尼：对很多留学生来说，尤其是那些现在不在美国的留学生，目前仍有很多不确定因素。但是，这对试图留在美国学习的许多留学生来说是个好消息。苏玛娜·卡鲁瓦是加州大学洛杉矶分校（简称UCLA）的毕业生，她上周创建了一个网站，帮助国际留学生找到面授课程，使他们能遵守规定并留在美国。为了帮助这些学生，她一直在日以继夜地工作。她听到这个消息时非常震惊。下面是她所说。

SUMANA KALUVAI: Honestly, it makes me feel so relieved (laughter). And I think it's just proof that universities have a lot more power than we realize. And I'm glad that they took such quick action.

苏玛娜·卡鲁瓦：说实话，这让我感觉如释重负（笑）。我认为这证明了大学拥有的权利比我们意识到的要多得多。我很高兴他们能如此迅速地采取行动。

NADWORNY: So students that I've spoken to have really felt torn between their studies and their health. This was a major, major hurdle for them to try and figure out. OK, should I stay? Should I transfer to a new university? Do I have to switch majors? So many are just sighing relief here because it's simply one less thing to worry about. You know, heading into this fall, it's going to be really uncertain, unpredictable. We don't know what college is going to look like. So this is a real relief for a lot of folks, Sarah.

纳德沃尼：接受我采访的学生在学习和健康之间左右为难。对他们来说，寻找解决方案是巨大的障碍。我应该留下来吗？我应该转到另一所大学吗？我必须换专业吗？现在许多学生都松了一口气，因为他们不用再担心这件事了。今年秋季会有很多不确定和不可预测的情况。我们不知道届时大学会是什么情况。因此，萨拉，这对许多人来说是种解脱。

MCCAMMON: That's NPR's Elissa Nadworny.

麦卡蒙：以上是NPR新闻的伊莉莎·纳德沃尼带来的报道。

Thank you so much.

非常谢谢你。

NADWORNY: Thank you.

纳德沃尼：谢谢。