VOA常速英语2020--珍珠鲻鱼的朝圣之旅（在线收听）

One of Turkey's rights of spring is the annual journey of the pearl mullet, that leave Lake Van every Maine and swim upstream to their spawning grounds. One of the best places to see this annual pilgrimage is the district of Arces in far eastern Turkey. It's a unique opportunity to see the way nature compels these fish to fight strong currents, and swim upstream to ensure the next generation. They're like beads, you know, like the beads that collect daylight and shine. I photographed right now, the spawn just stands nearby the pearl mullet,and really it looks like a pearl and shines amazingly. The pearl mullets are unique to Turkey and thrive in Lake Vans salty carbonated water. But the saltiness of Lake Van won't allow them to spawn there, so they must swim up one of the many tributaries that feed Lake Van to their spawning grounds. They come to the fresh waters from Lake Van within a month. They lay their spawns, we wish they wouldn't leave,we wish they'd stay here all year round, because they're so beautiful, children are very happy, old people are delighted and overjoyed, everyone is pleased. Usually this park would be full of people participating in an annual festival, to celebrate the migration of the pearl mullet, but this year the parks are quiet,closed due to government restrictions put in place to help fight the coronavirus. As you know there is a coronavirus issue. It's better for the fish, because now there is no one who targets them, hunts or kills them. There is no poaching. As you can see the weather is gorgeous. Photographer Vidal Utley says, people have to stay in their homes due to the coronavirus.

土耳其的春季会迎来每年一度的珍珠鲻鱼之旅，珍珠鲻鱼们离开缅因州的凡湖，向上游迁移，游到产卵地。观看这一年一度的朝圣之旅的最佳地点之一就是土耳其远东的阿尔塞斯地区。这是一次绝无仅有的机会，我们可以看到大自然是如何迫使这些珍珠鲻鱼搏击汹涌的水流，向上游迁徙，以确保下一代的生存。珍珠鲻鱼就像珠子，就像盛满了阳光的珠子。我现在正在拍摄，鱼卵就在珍珠鲻鱼旁边，看起来真的很像是珍珠，熠熠发亮、惊心动魄。珍珠鲻鱼是土耳其独有的，它们在凡湖的咸水中繁衍生息。但是凡湖的盐度使它们无法在那里产卵，所以它们必须游到汇成凡湖的其中一条通往产卵地的支流中去。它们在一个月内从凡湖游往淡水区域。它们在这里产卵，我们希望它们不要离开，我们希望它们一年四季都呆在这里，因为它们如此美丽，能够看到它们，孩子们非常高兴，老人们喜出望外，每个人都很开心。通常，这个公园会挤满了来参加这次一年一度的节日的人，他们聚在这里庆祝珍珠鲻鱼的迁徙但今年公园很安静，这是由于政府出台了一系列限制措施来帮助抗击冠状病毒，公园不得不关闭。目前我们正面临新冠肺炎疫情。但这对鱼更好，因为现在没有人瞄准它们，猎杀它们。没有偷猎行为。如你所见，天气很好。摄影师维达尔·尤特利表示，由于冠状病毒，人们不得不呆在家里。

This has reduced the widespread overfishing during the spring, that has threatened the future of these iconic fish. The pandemic has really allowed nature to flourish in the absence of people. It has recovered without so many around. Look, there are lilacs everywhere, there weren't here last year because people took them all away, but this year everywhere has become bed of roses. The green color of the nature is an eye-catching beauty. It is not an easy trip for the pole mullet. They are voraciously hunted by seagulls which can eat as many as 20 every day. There's also the problem of poaching. To stop that, the government won't allow any harvesting of mullet,between the 15th of April and the 15th of July. But some residents say the quality of the water is just as big a threat to the fish as the poachers. Poaching and fisherman and pollution of rivers are very dangerous,but the fish are being made sick by the contaminated rivers, they are not fed. We want the rivers to be kept clean,so that the natural habitat of the fish does not get dirty and change. But the dozens of hydroelectric dams put in place on many of the rivers the fish used to spawn,are also a threat to the mullet. The species is currently listed as near threatened by the International Union of Conservation of Nature. For Arf Aslan in Van Turkey Vasia Handat VOA news

这减少了春季广泛的过度捕捞情况，而过度捕捞已然威胁到了这些标志性的鱼类的未来。这次的疫情确实让大自然在没有人的情况下繁衍生息。在没有这么多人的情况下，大自然在不断修复。你看，到处都是丁香花，去年这里却看不到这些花，因为人们把花都摘走了，但今年到处都是玫瑰花。大自然的绿色美的夺目。对于珍珠鲻鱼来说，这次旅行并不轻松。海鸥们会对它们进行贪婪捕食，而海鸥每天能吃多达二十只鲻鱼。还存在偷猎的问题。为了阻止偷猎，政府不允许在4月15日至7月15日之间捕获鲻鱼。但一些居民表示，水质也严重威胁着鲻鱼的生存，且危险程度不亚于偷猎者。偷猎、渔民捕捞和河流污染对鱼类来说都是非常危险的，但受污染的河流会让鲻鱼生病，它们无法进食。我们希望河流保持清洁，这样鲻鱼的自然栖息地就不会受到污染并发生改变。但政府在鲻鱼曾经产卵的许多河流上修建了几十座水电大坝，这些大坝同样对鲻鱼构成了威胁。该物种目前被国际自然保护联盟列为近危物种。美国之音记者ArfAslan，土耳其凡湖报道