VOA慢速英语2020 接受过教育的警察会更少使用暴力吗？（在线收听）

Patrice Malone has been a police officer for two years with the Arlington County police force in the American state of Virginia.

帕特里斯·马龙在美国维吉尼亚州阿灵顿县警察局当了两年的警察。 

She believes going to college made her better at her job.

她认为上大学使她在工作上更出色。 

In college, Malone studied criminal justice.

在大学里，马龙学习刑事司法。 

She told VOA that college also taught her how to deal well with people.

她告诉美国之音，学校也教她如何与人打交道。 

And it gave her courage and "patience, a lot of patience, to go out, talk to people."

这给了她勇气和“耐心，非常大的耐心，去走出去，与人交谈。” 

The deaths of several Black men and women in the United States by police have put attention on problems with police training.

美国几名黑人男女死于警察之手，这使人们开始关注警察培训方面的问题。 

Arlington County requires its officers to have college or other experience.

阿灵顿县要求其官员有大学或其他经验。 

That puts the Virginia law enforcement agency in the minority.

这让维吉尼亚州执法机构成为美国少数的存在。 

Based on a 2017 study, more than 80 percent of U.S. law enforcement agencies require only completion of high school.

根据2017年的一项研究，超过80%的美国执法机构只要求高中毕业。 

Jay Farr is Chief of Police for Arlington County.

杰伊·法尔是阿灵顿县的警察局长。 

He told VOA he noticed a difference earlier in his career while working for a smaller police force that did not require higher education.

他对美国之音说，他在职业生涯早期注意到一个不同，当时他在一个规模较小的、不需要高等教育的警察部门工作。

Not to be judgmental, he said, but he thinks the mentality of a lot of police he worked with was very limited.

他说，这不是为了评判，但他认为与他合作的许多警察的意识非常有限。 

Many were not "exposed to different points of view" and were not challenged in an educational environment.

许多人没有“接触到不同的观点”，在教育环境中也没有受到挑战。 

Farr said he thinks that really made a difference in "how they work within the community."

法尔说，他认为这对“他们在社区中的工作方式”真的很重要。 

Farr is a college professor and a strong believer in higher education for police officers.

法尔是一名大学教授，他坚信警察应该接受高等教育。 

"College teaches you how to be a critical thinker.

“大学教会你如何成为一个批判性的思考者。 

A big part of the college experience is for you to look at things and to think through them beyond the obvious," he said.

大学生活的很大一部分就是让你去观察事物，并从深层思考问题。”他说。 

With regard to technical skills, going to college does not necessarily make people better police officers, Farr notes.

法尔指出，就技术技能而言，上大学不一定能让人成为更好的警察。 

"I think it makes them a much better officer in having the ability to be more willing or open to dealing with different cultures, different points of view, (a) different thought process."

“我认为，这使他们更愿意或更开放地面对不同的文化、不同的观点和不同的思维过程，从而成为更好的警察。”

Gaylene Armstrong is director of the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at the University of Nebraska Omaha.

佳琳·阿姆斯特朗是内布拉斯加州奥马哈大学犯罪学和刑事司法学院的主任。 

She says police these days are required to do more than they used to be within the criminal justice system.

她说，现在的警察被要求做的比他们过去在刑事司法系统中做的更多。 

"We call on our police officers to be part law enforcement, part social worker, part assisting individuals who are in mental health crisis," Armstrong said.

阿姆斯特朗说:“我们呼吁我们的警察既是执法人员，又是社会工作者，还要帮助那些有心理健康危机的人。”

"Our law enforcement officials in America are some of our first responders to all kinds of crises and need(s) situations."

“我们在美国的执法官员是我们应对各种危机和需要的第一批人员。” 

In addition to the usual police training, a college education could help officers deal with their growing role in society.

除了通常的警察训练，大学教育可以帮助警察处理他们在社会中日益增长的角色。 

The hope is that, with a broader education and more professional skills,police would be better at de-escalation through spoken communication, Armstrong said.

希望通过接受更广泛的教育和掌握更专业的技能，警察可以更好地通过口头交流来降低紧张情绪，阿姆斯特朗说。

A 2010 study published in Police Quarterly found that college-educated police officers are 40 percent less likely to use physical force on the job.

2010年发表在《警察季刊》上的一项研究发现，受过大学教育的警察在工作中使用武力的可能性要低40%。

It appears a college education did not change the outcome for George Floyd.

看来大学教育并没有改变乔治·弗洛伊德的命运。 

The Minnesota man died in May after a police officer knelt on his neck for nearly nine minutes.

这名明尼苏达州男子在5月份被一名警察跪在他脖子上近9分钟后死亡。 

Three of the four officers charged in relation to Floyds death reportedly had completed college.

据报道，与弗洛伊德之死有关的四名警察中，有三名已经完成了大学学业。 

Speaking about the Black Lives Matter protests that came after Floyds death, Farr believes concerns about police training are valid.

在谈到弗洛伊德死后发生的“黑人的命也是命”抗议活动时，法尔认为，对警察培训的担忧是有道理的。

However, money and resources make it difficult to set national guidelines for the training and education of law enforcement officers.

但是，由于资金和资源，很难为执法人员的培训和教育制定国家准则。 

Farr said it is very important for police officers to understand their own biases and deal with them.

法尔说，对于警察来说，了解自己的偏见并加以处理是非常重要的。 

He added that it is dispiriting when people think all cops are abusive and use excessive force.

他补充说，当人们认为所有的警察都虐待他人，滥用武力时，这是令人沮丧的。 

Patrice Malone has recently noticed a difference in some of the people she deals with on the job.

帕特里斯·马龙最近注意到，她在工作中与一些人打交道时，情况有所不同。 

"Its changed a little bit," she says.

“情况发生了一点变化，”她说。 

"The community might be a little distant. But … you just go out.

“社区对你的信任可能降低。但是你只要走出去。 

You do the same thing that you did before.

你做了和以前一样的事。 

You just reassure the community that youre there for them, that youre there for their safety.And thats how you regain their trust."

你只是向社区保证，你在他们身边，你在保证他们的安全。这样你才能重新获得他们的信任。”