2016年6月英语四级考试真题(第一套）--答案（在线收听）

　　Part II Listening Comprehension

　　Section A

　　News Report One

　　听力原文：

　　You probably think college students are experts at sleeping.But parties，preparations for tests，personal problems and general stress can wreck a student’s sleep habits，which can be bad for the body and the mind.Texas Tech University is even offering a class called“Improving Your Sleep Habits”.[1]People suffering from sleep loss are at an increased risk from obesity,psychological problems and car crashes.Students who don't get enough sleep have poorer attendance and lower grades.On top of all that，[2] a new study published in the Journal Learning&Memory finds you're probably better off sleeping than making last-minute preparations for a test.200 college kids were taught to play some unfamiliar video games.Subjects who learned the games in the morning lost some skills when they played again 12 hours later，but they did much better after getting a good night’s sleep.[1]So.if you really want to do your job well,don't forget to get some sleep.

　　解析：

　　1.A.How college students can handle their psychological problems.

　　B.Why college students are more likely to have stress problems.

　　C.Why sufficient sleep is important for college students.

　　D.How college students can improve their sleep habits.

　　Q：What is the news report mainly about?

　　【解析】选项为how或why开头的句子表明，本题可能考查新闻要点。选项中均出现的college students，以及重复出现的sleep表明，新闻可能与大学生睡眠有关。结合问题，并辨认“充足的睡眠”，还是“睡眠习惯”是解题的关键。

　　【答案】C

　　2.A.It is not easy to improve one’s sleep habits.

　　B.It is not good for students to play video games.

　　C.Making last-minute preparations for tests may be less effective than sleeping.

　　D.Students who are better prepared generally get higher scores in examinations.

　　Q：What is the finding of the new study published in the Journal Learning&Memory?

　　【解析】选项中重复出现的students和sleep表明，本题可能考查学生的睡眠情况。

　　【答案】C。

　　News Report Two

　　听力原文：

　　Long queues，delayed flights and overcrowding at airports have become almost as much a topic for conversation in Britain as the traditional complaining about the weather.Meanwhile，there’re complaints：the poor service at London’s major airports is discouraging foreigners from doing business in Britain.Much of the criticism is directed at the British Airports Authority,which runs 7 major airports，including the 3 main ones serving London.[3] The Competition Commission is now to investigate whether the British Airports Authority needs to sell off some of its assets.The idea is that competition between rival operators would lead to better service at airports.[4]The British Airports Authority recently bought by a Spanish company,says the root cause of the problems is not the ownership structure,but a lack of runway and terminal capacity,which is addressing through a programme of heavy investments.

　　解析：

　　3.A.Whether adequate investment is being made to improve airport facilities.

　　B.Whether the British Airports Authority should sell off some of its assets.

　　C.Whether the Spanish company could offer better service.

　　D.Whether more airports should be built around London.

　　Q：What is the Competition Commission going to

　　investigate?

　　【解析】选项均为以whether开头的宾语从句，其中重复出现的airport，以及facilities，assets，service和more…built表明，本题可能考查与机场有关的(设施、财产、服务和机场数量)情况。

　　【答案】B

　　4.A. Poor ownership structure.

　　B.Inefficient management.

　　C. Lack of innovation and competition.

　　D. Lack of runway and terminal capacity.

　　Q：What is the root cause of the poor service at British airports according to the British Airports Authority?

　　【解析】选项均为名词短语，其中重复出现的lack，以及poor，inefficient和runway and terminal capacity表明，本题可能考查机场出现某种缺陷的原因。

　　【答案】D。

　　News Report Three

　　听力原文：

　　[5] Under the law in Massachusetts,tobacco companies have to measure the nicotine content of every type of cigarette and report the results.[6]The Department of Public Health in Boston gathers and carefully examines the figures，and then draws its conclusions：116 brands were looked at for the study.82 were found to have

　　higher nicotine yields than they did 6 years previously.[6]The biggest increase is tended to be in brands that were popular with young smokers，that worries the Department because of the addicted nature of nicotine.Stanton Glantz，a professor of medicine in San Francisco explains why.“The amount of nicotine was delivered in every type of cigarettes is 10 percent higher than it was 6 years ago，which means that it’s easier to get hooked and harder to quit.[7]The big tobacco companies have always insisted that they are flank with their customers about the dangers of smoking and provide them with enough detail to make an informed decision.However，[7]none of them were prepared to comment on this study or discuss the detailed nicotine content of their products.”

　　解析

　　5.A.study the effects of nicotine on young smokers.

　　B. Set a limit to the production of their cigarettes.

　　C. Take steps to reduce nicotine in their products.

　　D. Report the nicotine content of their cigarettes.

　　Q：What do tobacco companies have to do under the

　　law in Massachusetts?

　　【解析】选项中重复出现的nicotine(content)和cigarettes表明，本题可能考查香烟中尼古丁含量的要求。

　　【答案】D。

　　6.A.The biggest increase in nicotine content tended to be in brands young smokers like.

　　B.Brands which contain higher nicotine content were found to be much more popular.

　　C.Tobacco companies refused to discuss the detailed nicotine content of their products.

　　D.Big tobacco companies were frank with their customers about the hazards of smoking.

　　Q：What do we learn from the study by the Department of Public Health in Boston?

　　【解析】选项中重复出现的nicotine(content)，以及smokers和smoking表明，本题可能考查香烟中尼古丁含量对吸烟者的影响。

　　【答案】A。

　　7.A.They will pay more attention to the quality of their products.

　　B.They were not prepared to comment on the cigarette study.

　　C.They promised to reduce the nicotine content in cigarettes.

　　D.They have not fully realized the harmful effect of nicotine.

　　Q：What do we learn from the news report about the big tobacco companies?

　　【解析】选项均为以they开头的句子，结合四个选项的内容可知，they指烟草公司。选项中的pay...attention to quality...，not prepared...cigarette.reduce the nicotine content和not...harmful effect of nicotine表明，本题可能考查烟草公司存在的问题。

　　【答案】B。 

　　Section B

　　Conversation One

　　听力原文：

　　M：And you know...one thing that l want to ask you.It’s greatly you have had this experience of teaching in Indonesia.And following up on what you just mentioned，what would you recommend for students who do not live in an English—speaking country?And，you know,they want to learn?I don’t know about perfecting， but they want at least to be able to communicate decently.How can they go about this?

　　W：Yeah.it’s really hard.That’s the real struggle because…[8]Right now I do live in Holland but I really don’t socialize much with Dutch people.[10]And my boyfriend's English is so good that we just basically speak English all the time.so I have to make a real effort to practice.There’s as much listening exposure as I want.All I have to do is turn on the TV

　　M：And reading also.right?

　　W：Yeah.reading.There’s plenty that I can get to read and listen to.But for speaking，there really is no substitute for trying to speak and use the language in a relaxed atmosphere.[9] So.I think that's really the challenge for people who live in a country where their target language isn't spoken. And for that…gosh，what would I do?If I didn’t have people here，probably，try to find a club… [11]In Sweden they have a really cool system called“study Circles”.where it’s not…it’s like a course.but really,you just have a course leader who’s mere sort of as a coach and guide.and to help out...And you don’t get grades.and you go just because you want to learn.

　　W：OK，Nathan.[12]So we’re talking about driving and are there any rules or regulations that You’d like to change?

　　M：I'm not sure I want to change rules.but I’d like to please to be strict on the roads，like，if people jam the traffic lights.I don’t know why there isn’t a camera at the traffic lights to stop people doing that.All like speeding，it’s very easy to put speed cameras in certain places.

　　W：[13]Maybe car manufacturers should have some responsibility in limiting their power of their engines.What’s the point in producing an engine that’s big and powerful enough to go like 200km/h when the speed limit is only 100?

　　M：Right.But do you know there’s no speed limits in Germany?

　　W：[14] People there do drive responsibly,though. Often，people break laws simply because the laws are there.If the law isn’t there，people will drive within their ability range.When you’ve got speed limits，this creates situations actually present dangers on the road.

　　M：Do you think Germans have better education about personal responsibility when driving?

　　W：Possibly,they also have very good cars.

　　M：Right.

　　W：If you’ve got a good car that can go at a high speed then it’s very nice to do that.

　　M：But still with care.

　　W：So.I think it’s the restriction that creates the dangers sometimes.

　　M：OK.

　　W：Obviously.when driving through a residential area，or where there’s a school，you’ve got to have speed policemen.

　　M：Speed bumps.

　　W：Yes.speed bumps-those speed-bumps that force you to slow down.I think they’re good idea.

　　M：So，[15]you don't think fining people is useful?

　　W：[15]Not really,because the police don’t have time to police every single driver.

　　解析

　　8.A.Holland.

　　B.Indonesia.

　　C.England

　　D.Sweden.

　　Q：Where does the woman live right now?

　　【解析】选项均为国家名称，结合问题对号入座是解题的关键。

　　【解析】答案。

　　9.A.Talking with her boyfriend in Dutch.

　　B.Getting a coach who can offer real help.

　　C.Acquiring the necessary ability to socialize.

　　D.Learning a language where it is not spoken.

　　Q：What does the woman say is the real challenge?

　　【解析】选项中的talking…in Dutch，socialize和learning a language表明，本题可能考查学习语言的情况。

　　【答案】D。

　　10.A.Practicing reading aloud as often as possible。

　　B.Listening to language programs on the radio.

　　C.Trying to speak it as much as one can.

　　D.Making friends with native speakers.

　　Q：What does the woman suggest doing to learn to speak a foreign language?

　　【解析】选项均为动名词短语，其中的language， speak，speakers，reading aloud，on the radio和friends with native…表明，本题可能是针对学习语言提出的建议，尤其是针对说的方面。

　　【答案】C。

　　11.A.It provides opportunities for language practice.

　　B.It trains young people’s leadership abilities.

　　C.It offers various courses with credit points.

　　D.It creates an environment for socializing.

　　Q：What does the woman say about the“study Circles”in Sweden?

　　【解析】选项均为以it开头的句子，it可能指某一语言机构。选项中的language practice，courses和socializing表明，本题可能考查语言练习、某些课程或社交的情况。

　　【答案】A。

　　12.A.A sense of freedom driving gives.

　　B.Rules and regulations for driving.

　　C.The role policemen play in traffic safety.

　　D.The impact of engine design on road safety.

　　Q：What are the speakers mainly talking about?

　　【解析】选项均为名词短语，核心名词(sense，rules and regulations，role和impact)各不相同，结合其中的 driving，traffic safety和road safety推测，本题可能考查对话的主题，可能与交通安全有关。

　　【答案】B。

　　13.A.Make cars with automatic contro1.

　　B.Make cars with higher standards.

　　C.Make cars that are less powerful.

　　D.Make cars that have better brakes.

　　Q：What does the woman think car manufacturers could do?

　　【解析】选项均为动词短语，且均以make cars开头表明，本题可能考查制造什么类型的汽车。

　　【答案】C。

　　14.A.They follow traffic rules closely.

　　B.They keep within speed limits.

　　C.They like to go at high speed.

　　D.They tend to drive responsibly.

　　Q：What can we learn about people driving in

　　Germany?

　　【解析】选项均为描述they的句子，其中的follow traffic rules，keep within speed limits，like to和tend to drive表明，本题可能考查they的驾驶习惯。

　　【答案】D。

　　15.A.It is a bad idea.

　　B.It is as effective as speed bumps

　　C.It is not useful.

　　D.It should be combined with education.

　　Q：What does the woman think of the police fining

　　drivers?

　　【解析】选项均为描述it的句子，其中的bad idea，effective，not useful和should be表明，本题可能考查某人对it的看法。

　　【答案】C。 

　　Section C

　　Passage One

　　听力原文：

　　Behind the cash register at a store in downtown San Francisco，[16]Sam Azar swiped his cred“card to pay for a pack of cigarettes.The store's card reader failed to scan the card's magnetic strip.Azar tried again and again.No luck!

　　As customers began to queue，Mr.Azar reached beneath the counter for a black plastic bag.[l7]He wrapped one layer of the plastic around the card and tried again.Success!The sale was completed.

　　“I don’t know how it works.It just does，”said Mr.Azar who 1eamed the trick from another clerk.Verifone，the company that makes the store’s card reader,would not confirm or deny that the plastic bag trick worked.But it’s one of many low—tech fixes for high—tech failures that people without engineering degrees have discovered，often out of desperation，and shared.

　　[18] Today's shaky,economy is likely to produce many more such tricks.“In postwar Japan，the economy wasn’t doing so great，so you couldn’t get everyday—use items like household cleaners，”says Lisa Katayama，author of Urawaza，a book named after the Japanese term for clever lifestyle tips and tricks.“So people look for ways to do with what they had.”

　　Today,Americans are finding their own tips and tricks for fixing malfunctioning devices with supplies as simple as paper and glue.Some，like Mr.Azar’s plastic bag，are open to argument as to how they work，or whether they really work at all.But many tech home remedies can be explained by a little science.

　　16.A.The card got damaged.

　　B.The card was found invalid.

　　C.The card reader broke down unexpectedly.

　　D.The card reader failed to do the scanning.

　　Q：What happened when Sam Azar swiped his credit card to pay for his purchase?

　　【解析】选项均为描述the card和the card reader的句子，其中的damaged，invalid，broke down unexpectedly和failed…scanning表明，本题可能考查某人购物使用信用卡付款时出现的状况。

　　【答案】D。

　　17.A.By seeking help from the card reader maker Verifone.

　　B.By covering the credit card with a layer of plastic.

　　C.By calling the credit card company for confirmation.

　　D.By typing the credit card number into the cash register.

　　Q：How did Sam Azar manage to complete the sale?

　　【解析】选项均为by开头.的介词短语表明，本题可能考查做某事的方法或手段。

　　【答案】B。

　　18.A.Produce many low-tech fixes for high—tech failures.

　　B.Give birth to many new technological inventions.

　　C.Change the lifestyle of many Americans.

　　D.Affect the sales of high—tech appliances.

　　Q：What is today’s shaky economy likely to do?

　　【解析】选项均为动词短语，其中的give birth to many new和change the lifestyle表明，本题可能考查某事带来的影响。

　　【答案】A。

　　Passage Two

　　听力原文：

　　If you are a graduate student，you may depend on your advisor for many things，including help with improving grades，acquiring financial support，forming an examining committee and getting letters of recommendation.If you are a graduate teaching assistant，your advisor also may be your“boss”.

　　[19]Academic departments vary in their procedures for assigning academic advisors to graduate students.In some departments，either the chairman or the director of graduate studies serves for at least a semester as a new student’s advisor.Then the student selects an advisor,based on shared academic interests.

　　In other departments，a new student is assigned a faculty advisor based on some system of distribution of the department’s“advising load”.Later,students may have the opportunity of selecting the advisor that they prefer.

　　In any case，[20]new graduate students can learn who their advisors or temporary advisors are by visiting or emailing the departmental office,and asking for the information.

　　[21] Graduation requirements specify the number of credits you must earn，the minimum grade point average you must achieve，and the distribution of credits you must have from among different departments or fields of study.In addition，it is necessary to“apply for graduation”when you near the time that you’11 be completing

　　your graduation requirements.Since graduation requirements vary among divisions of the university,you should consult the Bulletin of Information.You should also direct your questions to your departmental office or academic advisor.

　　解析：

　　19.A.They vary among different departments.

　　B.They leave much room for improvement.

　　C.They are determined by the advising board.

　　D.They are set by the dean of the graduate sch001.

　　Q：What does the speaker say about procedures for

　　assigning academic advisors?

　　【解析】选项均为描述they的句子，其中的vary among different departments，determined by the advising board和set by…graduate school表明，本题可能考查they的制定或特点。

　　【答案】A。

　　术导师的程序会有不同。A)是短文中信息的再现，

　　故为答案。

　　20.A.By consulting the examining committee.

　　B.By reading the Bulletin of Information.

　　C.By visiting the university’s website.

　　D.By contacting the departmental office.

　　Q：How can new graduate students learn who their advisors are?

　　【解析】选项均为by开头的介词短语表明，本题可能考查做某事的方法或手段。

　　【答案】D)。

　　21.A.They are harder to meet than those for undergraduates.

　　B.They specify the number of credits students must earn.

　　C.They have to be approved by the examining committee.

　　D.They are the same among various divisions of the university.

　　Q：What does the speaker say about graduation requirements?

　　【解析】选项均为描述they的句子，其中的harder to meet than those for undergraduates，specify the number of credits，approved by the examining committee和the same…the university表明，本题可能考查they的特点。

　　【答案】B。

　　Passage Three

　　听力原文：

　　[22]Jody Hubbard is a diet and nutrition expert who travels around the state to speak in.middle and high schools.She primarily speaks to students in health classes，but sometimes the school will arrange for her to speak to several different groups of girls.[23]Her biggest concern is the emphasis American culture places on thinness and the negative ways of this affects girls today.Jody has a Ph.D.in nutrition，but more important，she has personal experience-her mother taught her to diet when she was only 8 years old.

　　Jody has created several different presentations which she gives to different types of audiences，and she tries to establish an emotional connection with the students so that they will feel comfortable asking questions or talking to her privately.[24]She shows them pictures and images from popular culture of beautiful women and explains how computers are used to make the women look even more thin and“beautiful”man they are in real life.She describes how the definition of beauty has changed over the years and even from culture to culture.She then talks about health issues and the physical damage that can occur as a result of dieting.Finally，she addresses self-respect and the notion that a person’s sense of beauty must include more than how much a person weighs.

　　Sometimes，[25]Jody feels that she succeeds in persuading some students to stop dieting;other times，she feels that she fails.

　　解析：

　　22.A.Ph.D.candidates in dieting.

　　B.Students majoring in nutrition.

　　C.Students in health classes.

　　D.Middle and high school teachers.

　　Q：Who does Jody Hubbard primarily speak to?

　　【解析】选项均为表示不同类型的人，听音时注意

　　做笔记，并听清问题，对号入座。

　　【答案】C。

　　饮食和营养专家，她去往全国各地的中学演讲。她

　　主要是给上保健课的学生演讲。C是短文中信息的

　　再现，故为答案。

　　23.A.Its overemphasis on thinness.

　　B.Its changing criteria for beauty.

　　C.Its mistaken conception of nutrition.

　　D.Its overestimate of the effect of dieting.

　　Q：What is Judy Hubbard’s biggest concern about American culture?

　　【解析】选项均为its开头的名词短语，其中的 overemphasis，changing criteria，mistaken conception和overestimate表明，本题可能考查某人对某物的某一方面的看法。

　　【答案】A。

　　24.A.To demonstrate the magic effect of dieting on women.

　　B.To explain how computer images can be misleading.

　　C.To prove that technology has impacted our culture.

　　D.To illustrate her point that beauty is but skin deep.

　　Q：Why does Jody Hubbard show pictures of beautiful women to her audiences?

　　【解析】选项均为动词不定式短语表明，本题可能考查做某事的原因或目的。

　　【答案】B。

　　25.A.Tb help students rid themselves of bad living habits.

　　B.To establish an emotional connection with students.

　　C.To promote her own concept of beauty.

　　D.To persuade girls to stop dieting.

　　Q：What is Jody Hubbard’s main purpose in giving her speeches?

　　【解析】选项均为动词不定式短语表明，本题可能考查做某事的原因或目的。

　　【答案】D。