纽约时报 谈判失败 通用5万工人罢工(2)（在线收听）

Polling data shows that the public has become increasingly supportive of organized labor.

民意调查数据显示，公众越来越支持有组织的劳工。

A Gallup poll in late August found that 64 percent of Americans approve of unions, up from below 50 percent a decade ago.

盖洛普8月底的一项民意调查显示，64%的美国人支持工会，十年前这一比例还不到50%。

Even so, some have been critical of the labor movement’s ability to capitalize on these trends, and of the U.A.W.’s failures in particular.

尽管如此，一些人还是对劳工运动有机会利用这些趋势牟利，尤其是UAW的不足提出了批评。

In June, the union narrowly lost a vote to organize a Volkswagen plant in Tennessee.

今年6月，该联合会在田纳西州组建大众汽车工厂的投票中以微弱劣势落败。

And the talks between G.M. and the union have been shadowed by a federal corruption inquiry

和通用汽车的谈判也被一项联邦反腐调查蒙上了阴影。

that has been looking into U.A.W. officials and at least two Fiat Chrysler executives.

该调查的调查对象为多名UAW官员以及至少两名菲亚特克莱斯勒高管。

The investigation has detailed the use of union funds for lavish travel and personal spending by senior U.A.W. officials, including the president, Gary Jones.

调查详细说明了会长加里·琼斯等UAW高管擅自挪动联合会资金，用于奢侈旅行和个人支出。

In a statement, G.M. said it had offered to make more than $7 billion in new investments in plants in the United States,

通用汽车在一份声明中表示，该公司愿意新增超70亿美元的国内工厂投资，

add 5,400 jobs and increase pay and benefits.

增加5400个工作岗位，并上调员工工资和福利。

“We presented a strong offer that improves wages, benefits and grows U.S. jobs in substantive ways,

“我们拿出了一个强有力的方案，不仅能大幅改善员工薪资和福利，还能大幅增长国内就业，

and it is disappointing that the U.A.W. leadership has chosen to strike at midnight tonight,” the company said on Sunday.

令人失望的是，UAW领导层还是选择了在今晚午夜举行罢工，”该公司周日表示。

“We have negotiated in good faith and with a sense of urgency.

“我们本着诚意和紧迫感进行了谈判。

Our goal remains to build a strong future for our employees and our business.”

我们的目标依然是为我们的员工，为我们企业创造一个强劲的未来。”

It is a challenging time for the industry over all,

随着美国、中国和其他主要市场的汽车销售放缓，

with auto sales slowing in the United States, China and other major markets,

电动汽车和自动驾驶等新技术需要的投资金额在数十亿美元，

and new technologies such as electric cars and self-driving vehicles requiring billions of dollars in investments.

放眼整个行业，当下都是充满挑战的时期。

“Carmakers’ profits today distract from two challenges,”

“如今，汽车制造商的利润分散了人们对两大挑战的注意力，”

said Erik Gordon, a University of Michigan business professor who follows the auto industry.

密歇根大学对汽车行业进行了跟踪调查的商科教授艾瑞克·戈登评论道。

“The makers will be going into a down cycle of demand in their two most important markets

“就两大最重要的市场而言，制造商们即将进入一轮需求缩水的周期，

and they will have to make the biggest technology investments in their history to change to electric propulsion.”

要转型改制造电车，他们就不得不以史无前例的规模投资技术。”

One of the union’s aims is getting G.M. to reopen an idled car factory in Lordstown, Ohio, a goal that President Trump has endorsed.

让通用汽车重启位于俄亥俄州洛德斯敦的一家闲置汽车厂是联合会这次罢工的目标之一，这一目标也得到了特朗普总统的支持。

The plant had made the Chevrolet Cruze, a compact car whose sales plunged nearly 40 percent

小型车雪佛兰克鲁兹就是该工厂生产的产品，从2015年，也就是之前的那份劳动合同签订的时间，到2018年，

between 2015, when the previous labor contract was signed, and 2018.

该款车型销量暴跌了近40%。

The factory ceased production in March.

三月份，该工厂便停产了。