1998年1月大学英语四级听力真题及参考答案（在线收听） |
1998年1月大学英语四级考试试题及参考答案 Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Example: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Section B Compound Dictation Very few people can get college degree before 11, but Michael was an exception. He started high school when he was 5, finish in just nine months. He became the (S1) ___________ youngest college graduate when he was 10 years and 4 months old, earning an (S2) _____________ degree. Now at 11 Michael’s working on a master’s degree in (S3) ___________ intelligence. Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Passage One In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child’s acquisition（学会）of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child: This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality（道德）. Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept”. If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach（说教）, their children may grow confused, and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents’ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment. 11. Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills _________. 12. In the process of children’s learning new skills parents ______. 13. The second paragraph mainly tells us that __________. 14. The word “precept” (Line 3, Para.3) probably means “_________”. 15. In moral matters, parents should __________. Passage Two A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range of comment and special features（特写）as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in and not glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers variety to attract many different readers, but far more than nay one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its topicality（时事性）, its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. but immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what papers in a newspaper has no more than transient（短暂的）value. For all these reasons, no two people really read the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that day’s paper, his own selection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting time, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading. 16. A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its _________. 17. According to the passage, the reason why no two people really read the “same” newspaper is that ________. 18. It can be conclude from the passage that newspaper readers ________. 19. A good newspaper offers “a variety” to readers because _________. 20. The best title for this passage would be “__________”. Passage Three American society is not nap（午睡）friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. “There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.” Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.” Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping”, says Dr. William Dement of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt, the commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze（打瞌睡）every afternoon. About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a midafternoon quiet phase” also called “a secondary sleep gate.” Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of Snooze don’t nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift. Rather, we “snack” on sleep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, cars, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums. 21. It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is _______. 22. The research done by the Dement commission shows that Americans ________. 23. The purpose of this article is to ___________. 24. The “American sleep debt” (Line 1, Para.3) is the result of _________. 25. The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is __________. Passage Four Violin prodigies（神童）, I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers if the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the world’s greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,” he told me. “They were all Jews（犹太人）and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.” As a result, every Jewish parent’s dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West. Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field to nurture（培育）talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours,” says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well. The Koreans and Chinese as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese. That’s a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy .J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of his sons had significant careers in music. 26. Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because _________. 27. Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that, _________. 28. Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to _________. 29. Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage? 30. Which of the following titles best summarises the main idea of the passage? Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes) 31 Although punctual himself, the professor was quite ________ used late for his lecture. 32 You should have been more patient ________ that customer; I’m sure that selling him the watch was a possibility. 33 Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university _______. 34 This box is too heavy, ________ give me a hand? 35 __________ he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 36 As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town __________ 50 households or more. 37 People appreciate __________ with him because he has a good sense of humor. 38 The man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he _______ himself. 39 We love peace, yet we are not the kind of people to yield ________ any military threat. 40 Although he knew little about the large amount of work done in the field, he succeeded __________ other more well-informed experimenters failed. 41 If tap water were as dangerous as some people think, ________ would be getting sick. 42 Living in the central Australian desert has its problems. _________ obtaining water is not the least. 43 Which sport has the most expenses _______ training equipment, players’ personal equipment and uniforms? 44 They are going to have the serviceman _________ an electric fan in the office tomorrow. 45 I’m sure he is up to the job __________ he would give his mind to it. 46 The car _______ halfway for no reason. 47 The newcomers found it impossible to ______ themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country. 48 A __________ to this problem is expected to be found before long. 49 You have nothing to __________ by refusing to listen to our advice. 50 As a result of careless washing the jacket ________ to a child’s size. 51 He hoped the firm would _________ him to the Paris branch. 52 Having decided to rent a flat, we __________ contacting all the accommodation agencies in the city. 53 The relationship between employers and employees has been studied ________. 54 __________ their differences. The couple were developing an obvious and genuine affection for each other. 55 One day I _________ a newspaper article about the retirement of an English professor at a nearby state college. 56 She was complaining that the doctor was ________ too much for the treatment he was giving her. 57 The manager spoke highly of such _______ as loyalty, courage and truthfulness shown by his employees. 58 Since the matter was extremely _______, we dealt with it immediately. 59 You don’t have to be in such a hurry, I would rather you _______ on business first. 60 When I try to understand ________ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes. Part IV Cloze (15 minutes) During recent years we have heard much about “race”: how this race does certain things and that race believes certain things and so on. Yet, the ___61___ phenomenon of race consists of a few surface indications. We judge race usually ___62___ the colouring of the skin: a white race, a brown race, a yellow race and a black race. But ___63___ you were to remove the skin you could not ___64___ anything about the race to which the individual belonged. There is ___65___ in physical structure, the brain or the internal organs to ___66___ a difference. There are four types of blood. ___67___ types are found in every race, and no type is distinct to any race. Human brains are the ___68___. No scientists could examine a brain and tell you the race to which the individual belonged. Brains will ___69___ in size, but this occurs within every race. ___70___ does size have anything to do with intelligence. The largest brain ___71___ examined belonged to a person of weak ___72___. On the other hand, some of our most distinguished, people have had ___73___ brains. Mental tests which are reasonably ___74___ show no differences in intelligence between races. High and low test results both can be recorded by different members of any race. ___75___ equal educational advantages, there will be no difference in average standings, either on account of race or geographical location. The behavior and ideals of people change according to circumstances, but they can always go back or go on to something new ___79___ is better and higher than anything ___80___ the past. 61. A) complete B) full C) total D) whole Part V Writing (30 minutes) 1. 目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品（fake commodities）。为什么会有这种现象？
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