纽约时报 汽油涨价引发抗议 伊朗政府发动血腥镇压(2)（在线收听）

The gas price increase, which was announced as most Iranians had gone to bed,

油价上涨的消息宣布时，大多数伊朗人都已进入梦乡，

came as Iran is struggling to fill a yawning budget gap.

之所以采取这一措施，则是因为伊朗正在努力填补日益巨大的预算缺口。

The Trump administration sanctions, most notably their tight restrictions on exports of Iran’s oil, are a big reason for the shortfall.

特朗普政府的制裁，尤其是对伊朗出口石油的严格限制，是造成伊朗预算短缺的重大原因。

The sanctions are meant to pressure Iran into renegotiating the 2015 nuclear agreement between Iran and major world powers,

本轮制裁意在迫使伊朗就2015年与几个主要大国签订的核协议——

which President Trump abandoned, calling it too weak.

特朗普已经退出该协议，声称该协议约束力过于弱小——重回谈判桌。

Most of the nationwide unrest seemed concentrated in neighborhoods and cities populated by low-income and working-class families,

伊朗的此次全国性动乱主要集中在低收入和工薪阶层聚集的社区和城市，

suggesting this was an uprising born in the historically loyal power base of Iran’s post-revolutionary hierarchy.

表明这是伊朗后革命时期阶层体系中历来对统治阶级一直颇为忠诚的阶层所爆发的一次起义。

Many Iranians, stupefied and embittered, have directed their hostility directly at the supreme leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei,

不少伊朗人，不少已经麻木又愤愤不平的伊朗人纷纷将敌意的目光直接对准了他们的最高领导人阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊，

who called the crackdown a justified response to a plot by Iran’s enemies at home and abroad.

因后者声称政府的镇压活动是对伊朗国内外的敌人的阴谋的正当回应。

The killings prompted a provocative warning from Mir Hussein Moussavi, an opposition leader and former presidential candidate

各地的杀戮也激起了反对派领袖，前总统候选人米尔·侯赛因·穆萨维颇具挑衅意味的警告，

whose 2009 election loss set off peaceful demonstrations that Ayatollah Khamenei also suppressed by force.

2009年，穆萨维选举失败，引发了多次和平示威，示威最后也受到了哈梅内伊的武力镇压。

In a statement posted Saturday on an opposition website,

周六，自2011年以来一直被软禁也很少公开发言的穆萨维

Mr. Moussavi, who has been under house arrest since 2011 and seldom speaks publicly, blamed the supreme leader for the killings.

在某反对派网站公布的一份声明中就杀戮事件问责最高领导人。

He compared them to an infamous 1978 massacre by government forces

为此，他还提到了1978年那次声名狼藉的大屠杀。

that led to the downfall of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi a year later, at the hands of the Islamic revolutionaries who now rule the country.

那场大屠杀造成了国王穆罕默德·雷扎·巴列维一年后的直接倒台，推翻他的那些伊斯兰革命者就是当今的伊朗统治者。

“The killers of the year 1978 were the representatives of a nonreligious regime

“1978年大屠杀的凶手是非宗教政权的代表，

and the agents and shooters of November 2019 are the representatives of a religious government,” he said.

而实施2019年11月大屠杀的是宗教政府的代表，”他说。

“Then the commander in chief was the shah and today, here, the supreme leader with absolute authority.”

“那次的总司令是当时的国王，这次的则是拥有绝对权威的伊朗最高领导人。”

The authorities have declined to specify casualties and arrests and have denounced unofficial figures on the national death toll as speculative.

伊朗当局拒绝透露具体的伤亡人数和被捕人数，还谴责非官方的全国死亡人数只是猜测。

But the nation’s interior minister, Abdolreza Rahmani Fazli, has cited widespread unrest around the country.

然而，该国内政部长阿卜杜勒礼萨·拉赫马尼·法兹利列出了全国各地的骚乱事件。

On state media, he said that protests had erupted in 29 out of 31 provinces and 50 military bases had been attacked,

他在官方媒体上透露，伊朗31省已经有29省爆发抗议活动，还有50个军事基地遭到袭击，

which if true suggested a level of coordination absent in the earlier protests.

如果他所言属实，那就意味着早期的抗议活动缺乏一定的协调。

Iran’s official media have reported that several members of the security forces were killed and injured during the clashes.

伊朗官方媒体报道称，有数名警卫在冲突中被杀或受伤。