美国国家公共电台 NPR 美国佛州住宅楼坍塌已致9死（在线收听）

In Surfside, Fla., after the condo collapse, there are still scores of missing and only nine people confirmed dead.

佛罗里达州小镇瑟夫赛德一座公寓坍塌，目前仍有数十人失踪，仅有9人确认死亡。

While the families wait in anguish, multiple probes are underway into why the building fell down.

这些家庭在痛苦中等待时，多个调查正在进行，旨在了解大楼倒塌的原因。

Now we have some exclusive new information.

我们我们掌握了一些最新的独家消息。

A resident tells NPR that despite what city officials claim, at least one official knew about a 2018 engineering report that raised alarms about the building's safety.

一名居民告诉NPR新闻，不管市政府官员怎么说，至少有一名官员知道2018年有一份工程报告对该公寓的安全提出了警告。

NPR's Brian Mann investigated.

NPR新闻的布莱恩·曼恩对此进行了调查。

The report was commissioned by the condominium's residents association in 2018 as part of an inspection process required for older buildings 40 years after their construction.

该报告于2018年由公寓居民协会委托编写，是对建成40年的老建筑进行检查的一部分。

The consultant study warned of major structural damage and identified serious design flaws in the building's original construction.

这项顾问研究报告警告称，这座建筑存在重大的结构损坏，调查还发现建筑原有结构存在严重设计缺陷。

Government officials here, including Miami-Dade Mayor Daniella Levine Cava, said yesterday, they were unaware of the consultant's warning.

迈阿密戴德市市长丹妮拉·莱文·卡瓦等政府官员昨天表示他们对顾问提出的警告并不知情。

No, we knew nothing about this report. No, we did not know about this report.

不，我们对这份报告一无所知。我们不知道有这份报告。

Surfside Mayor Charles Burkett, who wasn't in office in 2018, also said he was unaware of the study and saw it for the first time after the building collapsed.

瑟夫赛德市长查尔斯·伯克特2018年时尚未就职没，他也说不知道这项研究的存在，首次看到这份报告是在大楼坍塌后。

But NPR has learned that at least one government official from Surfside, a building inspector, did review the report, according to minutes of a meeting held by the condominium association in November of 2018.

但NPR新闻获悉，根据公寓协会2018年11月召开的一次会议纪要，至少有一名来自瑟夫赛德的政府官员，一名建筑检查员，确实查看了这份报告。

The town inspector met with residents and assured them the building was, quote, "in very good shape."

该镇检查员与居民会面，并向他们保证，这座建筑“状态很好”。

Susana Alvarez lived in one of the building's apartments and survived Thursday's disaster.

苏珊娜·阿尔瓦雷斯住在该公寓大楼中，她在周四的灾难中幸免于难。

She said she was present for that session, and it put her mind at ease.

她表示，她出席了那次会议，而且会后她感到安心。

I left that meeting very calm because the building officials said the building was in very good shape.

会议结束后我很平静地离开了，因为建筑官员说大楼的状况非常好。

Alvarez said she knew her building had significant maintenance problems.

阿尔瓦雷斯表示，她知道她居住的大楼存在严重的维修问题。

She said there was repeated flooding in the parking garage underneath the apartments.

她说公寓下面的停车场多次发生洪水。

Experts say standing water can weaken concrete and steel supports, leading to stability problems. But Alvarez said no one warned her of any danger.

专家表示，积水会削弱混凝土和钢支架，引发稳定性问题。但阿尔瓦雷斯说，没有人警告她有任何危险。

At no point, at no point ever in the 10 years that I'd lived there was I ever concerned the building was going to fall — OK? — or collapse ever. It never even crossed my mind.

在我居住的10年里，我从来没有担心过这座建筑会倒塌，或者坍塌。我从未想过这种事。

But Morabito Consultants, the engineering group that produced the 2018 study, issued a statement yesterday,

但负责2018年研究的工程集团莫拉比托咨询公司昨日发表声明，

confirming they found significant issues which, quote, "required repairs to ensure the safety of the residents."

证实他们发现了重大问题，而且这些问题“需要维修以确保居民的安全”。

It's unclear why town officials didn't require more immediate repairs.

目前尚不清楚为何镇政府官员没有要求立即进行维修。

NPR tried unsuccessfully to reach the building inspector who reviewed the report. That individual no longer works for the town.

NPR新闻试图联系审查报告的建筑检查员，但没有成功。该检查员不再为这座小镇工作。

Surfside Vice Mayor Tina Paul said she now believes the inspection and review process for buildings throughout Dade County is not rigorous enough.

瑟夫赛德副市长蒂娜·保罗表示，她现在认为，整个戴德县建筑物的检查和审查程序不够严格。

That's one of the things that really has to change, is how do we evaluate these buildings?

这是真正需要改变的事情之一，即我们如何评估这些建筑？

They're on the ocean. We need to know what's going on underneath the buildings.

它们建在海上。我们需要知道建筑物下面发生了什么。

Other officials here are asking similar questions.

其他官员也提出了类似的问题。

We need a definitive explanation for how this could have happened.

我们需要明确的解释来说明这是如何发生的。

Florida Governor Ron DeSantis, speaking in Surfside, said families want answers why this building fell,

佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯在瑟夫赛德表示，很多家庭都想知道这座建筑倒塌的原因，

but so do other residents living up and down the coast in older buildings similar to this one.

住在沿岸地区与这座建筑相似的老建筑里的居民也想知道。

There's a lot of other people throughout this community and really throughout Florida who want to know, well, how can a building just collapse like that?

在这个社区和整个佛罗里达州，还有很多人想知道，一座建筑为何会像那样坍塌？

Miami-Dade County officials say they have begun a 30-day emergency push to audit older buildings to make sure they're safe.

迈阿密戴德县官员表示，他们已经开始为期30天的紧急行动，计划对旧建筑进行检查，以确保它们的安全。

It's important to note, the engineering study performed in 2018 may not have identified any of the structural issues that led to this disaster.

值得注意的是，2018年进行的工程研究可能没有发现导致这场灾难的任何结构问题。

Outside experts interviewed by NPR said that report clearly raised important red flags that warranted further inspection and expensive repairs.

接受NPR新闻采访的外部专家表示，这份报告明显发出了重要的危险信号，需要进一步检查和并进行昂贵的维修。

But Stephanie Walkup, an engineer who specializes in structural collapses at Villanova University,

但维拉诺瓦大学专门研究结构坍塌的工程师斯蒂芬妮·沃库普表示，

said the painstaking probes now beginning in Surfside could find an entirely different triggering event.

瑟夫赛德目前进行的细致调查会发现一个完全不同的触发事件。

I'm sure there are many hypotheses right now, but until the data actually demonstrates that that, yes, could cause a collapse,

我相信现在有很多假设，但只有数据能真正证明，是的，这可能会导致坍塌，

which would then in turn cause a progressive collapse of the structure, I think you're probably at least four to six months out and maybe longer.

进而导致结构的渐进性坍塌，我想调查可能至少需要四到六个月的时间，也许更长。

State and local officials urged patience for these investigations.

州和地方官员敦促民众对这些调查保持耐心。

They say they're still focused on the search and rescue effort and on recovering remains of victims.

他们表示，目前的工作重点仍是搜救和寻找遇难者遗体。

Meanwhile, yesterday, the federal agency that helped probe the 9/11 Twin Towers collapse in New York City

与此同时，协助调查9·11纽约市双子塔倒塌事件的联邦机构昨天宣布，

announced it's sending a team of scientists and engineers to help with this investigation.

他们将派出由科学家和工程师组成的小组协助调查。

Brian Mann, NPR News, Surfside, Fla.

NPR新闻，布莱恩·曼恩佛罗里达州瑟夫赛德报道。