2021年经济学人 亚马逊在美遭反垄断诉讼（在线收听）

Turkey’s president sacked a deputy governor at the country’s central bank, the third defenestration of a senior official within two months. Recep Tayyip Erdogan has whittled away at the central bank’s independence over the years in his attempt to suppress interest rates, replacing the governor with a supporter in March. Since then the lira has slid by 15%.

土耳其总统解雇了该国央行的一名副行长，这是两个月内第三次有高级官员遭解职。埃尔多安多年来试图压制利率，削弱了央行的独立性，在3月份任命一位支持者取代了央行行长。自那以后，里拉下跌了15%。

Uber said it would allow its drivers in Britain to join a union, the first time that the ride-hailing company has given official recognition to a union in any country. In February Britain’s Supreme Court ruled that Uber must extend employee rights, such as a minimum wage, to its drivers.

优步(Uber)表示，将允许英国的司机加入工会，这是这家叫车公司首次在其他国家正式承认工会。今年2月，英国最高法院裁定，优步必须扩大司机享有的员工权利，比如最低工资。

The fallout from the collapse of Greensill Capital, a financing firm, spread to Italy, where the central bank pushed Aigis Banca, a specialist lender based in Milan, into liquidation. A basket of Aigis’s assets, were sold to another Italian bank for 1 euro ($1.20).

金融服务公司Greensill Capital倒闭的余波波及到了意大利，意大利央行迫使总部位于米兰的专业贷款机构Aigis Banca进入清算阶段。Aigis Banca的一篮子的资产以1欧元(1.20美元)的价格卖给了另一家意大利银行。

The city of Washington, dc, sued Amazon, claiming that the retailer forced third-party sellers to agree not to sell their wares at lower prices anywhere else on the internet. Amazon, which also faces investigations in Europe and India, said it would fight the lawsuit. Meanwhile, Amazon secured its deal to buy mgm, paying $8.45bn for the film studio.

华盛顿特区起诉亚马逊，声称该零售商禁止第三方卖家以更低的价格在互联网上的其他平台销售他们的商品。亚马逊在欧洲和印度也面临调查，该公司表示将会打这场官司。与此同时，亚马逊以84.5亿美元收购了米高梅电影公司(mgm)。

WhatsApp, a popular encrypted-messaging service owned by Facebook, said it was suing the government of India over new rules requiring it to be able to trace messages sent on its platform. WhatsApp has long used privacy as a selling-point; it the most popular messaging-app in India.

脸书旗下流行的加密消息服务WhatsApp表示，它正在起诉印度政府，原因是印度新规要求WhatsApp能够追踪其平台上发送的信息。WhatsApp长期以来一直把隐私作为服务优势;这款应用是印度最受欢迎的即时通讯应用。

The first private licence to operate mobile services in Ethiopia was awarded to a consortium that includes Vodafone. The bid for a second licence from MTN, a South African company, was rejected as too low. The liberalisation of Ethiopia’s telecoms is a proxy in the tech war between America and China. The winning bid is supported by Washington through low-cost foreign-aid loans; MTN’s proposal was backed in part by a Chinese state investor.

埃塞俄比亚将第一张私人移动服务牌照颁发给包括沃达丰在内的一个财团。南非移动公司（MTN）因对第二张牌照的出价太低而被拒。埃塞俄比亚电信的自由化是中美科技交锋的一个代表。华盛顿通过低成本的外国援助贷款支持中标；而南非移动公司的竞标得到了中国一家国有投资者的部分支持。

Following an aborted launch in December, Virgin Galactic conducted a successful test flight of its VSS Unity spacecraft, which touched down in New Mexico after reaching an altitude of 55.45 miles (89.2km). The company hopes to put paying passengers into orbit next year. Blue Origin, a space-tourism venture backed by Jeff Bezos, will send its first paying passenger into space on July 20th. The current bid for the tourist seat to be occupied by the lucky (and brave) person on that mission is $2.8m.

继去年12月发射失败后，维珍银河公司成功试飞了其VSS Unity航天器，它在到达55.45英里(89.2公里)的高度后在新墨西哥州着陆。该公司希望明年将付费乘客送入轨道。由杰夫·贝佐斯支持的太空旅游公司“蓝色起源”将于7月20日将首位付费乘客送入太空。目前，这个幸运(勇气十足)的游客名额的出价是280万美元。