2021年经济学人 比特币成为合法货币（1）（在线收听）

Finance & economics

财经板块

Bitcoin as legal tender: Satoshis for cervezas

比特币成为合法货币：Satoshis换啤酒

Is El Salvador’s move a costly gimmick or a worthwhile experiment?

萨尔瓦多的举动是代价高昂的噱头还是值得一试的实验?

WHEN ASKED if anyone has tried to use bitcoin to pay her, a woman selling coffee and pastries in San Salvador, the capital city of El Salvador, replies “thank God, no”, and rebuffs an attempt to do so.

当被问及是否有人试图用比特币付款时，一名在萨尔瓦多首都圣萨尔瓦多卖咖啡和糕点的女子回答说：“谢天谢地，没有”，并拒绝了这种做法。

A man selling soup for lunch brushes off the idea with laughter.

一个午餐卖汤的男子笑着拒绝了这个想法。

By dinnertime, low on phone battery and morale, your correspondent is pointed to a bar called Leyendas where the logo for Strike, a digital bitcoin wallet, adorns the walls.

到晚餐时间了，手机电量所剩无几，士气也很低落，这时有人给记者指了一家名为Leyendas的酒吧，酒吧墙上挂着数字比特币钱包Strike的标识。

But the attempt to pay with bitcoin is met with confusion.

但在用比特币支付的过程中遇到了困惑。

The bar’s owner, who controls the wallet, is missing.

控制钱包的酒吧老板失踪了。

A few frantic texts later he sends his wallet address.

给他发了几条疯狂的短信之后，他把钱包地址发了过来。

At last, 26,618 Satoshis (one hundred millionth of a bitcoin), $12.50-worth, are swapped for beers.

最终，记者花了价值12.50美元的26618个Satoshis(单位，比特币的一亿分之一)，换来了啤酒。

On September 7th bitcoin will become legal tender in El Salvador, alongside the dollar.

9月7日，比特币将和美元一样成为萨尔瓦多的法定货币。

The Central American country of 6.5m people is the first to attempt such a feat.

这个拥有650万人口的中美洲国家是第一个尝试这一壮举的国家。

A week before the big day those who had put plans in place to use bitcoin were the exception, rather than the norm.

在这个重要日子的前一周，只有少数人打算使用比特币，这一现象并不常见。

Three-quarters of Salvadoreans surveyed in July by Disruptiva, a polling firm, were sceptical of the plan to adopt bitcoin.

7月份，一家名为Disruptiva的民意调查公司做了一项调查，在受访对象中，有四分之三的萨尔瓦多人对采用比特币的计划表示怀疑。

Two-thirds were not willing to be paid in it and just under half knew nothing about it.

三分之二的人不愿意接受比特币收款，近一半的人对此一无所知。

Both the World Bank and the IMF have warned against adoption, citing the potential impact on macroeconomic stability and bitcoin’s environmental costs.

世界银行(World Bank)和国际货币基金组织(IMF)都对采用比特币提出了警告，称其对宏观经济稳定和环境成本都有潜在影响。