VOA新闻杂志2022 墨西哥移民收容所自力更生（在线收听）

A shelter in Mexico near the United States border is housing not only migrants and asylum seekers but also chickens, pigs, and possibly fish.

墨西哥靠近美国边境的一个收容所不仅收容了移民和寻求庇护者，还收容了鸡、猪，可能还有鱼。

Asylum seekers are forced to wait out their U.S. immigration cases in Mexico.

寻求庇护者被迫在墨西哥等待他们的美国移民案件结束。

They often spend months at the San Matias shelter run by Rev. Hector Trejo.

他们经常在牧师赫克托·特雷霍经营的圣马蒂亚斯收容所待几个月。

The shelter is in the large industrial city of Ciudad Juárez, Mexico.

该收容所位于墨西哥大型工业城市华雷斯。

It is across the border from El Paso, Texas.

它与得克萨斯州的埃尔帕索接壤。

The wait is stressful for people who in some cases are fleeing painful situations in their home countries.

在某些情况下，等待对逃离本国痛苦局势的人来说是紧张的。

And the costs of feeding them have also been growing.

他们的食物价格也一直在增长。

Raising their own food appears to help with both difficulties.

自食其力似乎有助于解决这两种困难。

Trejo said, "On one side you have a space with the possibility of producing food; on the other, you have a safe and decent space for the families so they can go through their process in the most harmonious way possible."

特雷霍说：“一方面，你有一个可以生产食物的空间；另一方面，你为这些家庭提供了一个安全和体面的空间，这样他们就可以以最和谐的方式度过这个阶段。”

The shelter keeps pigs in an area where migrants can stop by to rub their big noses.

该收容所在一个移民可以停下来揉猪的大鼻子的地方养猪。

It also has vegetables in a greenhouse to protect them from the cold winter temperatures.

温室里也有蔬菜，以保护它们免受寒冷的冬季温度的伤害。

Trejo is planning a fish farm that could produce more than 6 metric tons of a kind of fish called tilapia each year.

特雷霍计划建一个养鱼场，每年可以生产超过6公吨的罗非鱼。

"It is relaxing just going to the chicken coops to feed them," said José María Guerrero.

何塞·玛丽亚·格雷罗说：“去鸡舍喂它们就是一种放松。”

He fled his home in the central state of Michoacan, Mexico to avoid violence.

他逃离了位于墨西哥中部米却肯州的家，以避免暴力。

He is now seeking asylum in the U.S.

他现在正在美国寻求庇护。

Guerero told The Associated Press, "Of course, it helps you. It makes you forget for a moment your problems and additionally, you have something to do here."

格雷罗对美联社说：“当然，这对你有帮助。它会让你暂时忘记你的问题，此外，你在这里还有事情要做。”

Benjamin Navarrete's Biological Innovations company designed the farm operation.

本杰明·纳瓦雷特的生物创新公司设计了农场运营模式。

He believes such an operation could be built for other areas experiencing similar crises.

他认为，可以为其他经历类似危机的地区建立这样的运营模式。

"It is a great model, especially in the case of shelters where most of the expenses are for food and all this is an organic production," Navarrete said.

纳瓦雷特说：“这是一个很棒的模式，尤其是对于那些大部分费用都花在食物上的收容所来说，所有食物都是有机生产的。”

The asylum seekers are forced to wait under a U.S. policy known as "Remain in Mexico."

根据美国一项名为“留在墨西哥”的政策，寻求庇护者被迫等待。

The policy started under the administration of former President Donald Trump.

这项政策始于前总统唐纳德·特朗普领导的政府。

It aimed at persuading asylum seekers to not travel to the U.S. border.

它的目的是说服寻求庇护者不要前往美国边境。

Under the policy, migrants without legal documentation to enter the U.S. were returned to Mexico to wait for their immigration case.

根据这项政策，没有合法证明文件进入美国的移民被送回墨西哥去等待他们的移民案件。

President Joe Biden ended the policy when he took office.

美国总统乔·拜登上任后终止了这项政策。

But a court order forced his administration to return to it last December.

但去年12月，一项法院命令迫使他的政府重新启动这项政策。

The number of asylum seekers returned to Mexico under Biden has so far been fairly small.

到目前为止，在拜登领导下返回墨西哥的寻求庇护者人数已相当少。

But American officials have also expelled migrants more than 1.5 million times without a chance to claim asylum since March 2020.

但自2020年3月以来，美国官员也已经驱逐移民150多万次，这些移民没有机会申请庇护。

It is happening under the pandemic restrictions of the public health law used by both administrations.

这是在两届政府使用的公共卫生法中的新冠疫情限制措施下发生的。

The policies have increased pressure on Mexican border cities.

这些政策增加了墨西哥边境城市的压力。

And they have increased pressure on the limited spaces available in the shelter.

他们增加了拥有有限空间的收容所的压力。