VOA新闻杂志2022 联合国报告称又有7100万人陷入贫困（在线收听）

As many as 71 million more people are reported to be in poverty as a result of increased food and energy prices. These prices rose in the weeks following Russia's invasion of Ukraine, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) said in a recent report.

据报道，由于食品和能源价格上涨，又有多达7100万人陷入贫困。联合国开发计划署在最近的一份报告中表示，这些价格在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰之后的几周内涨了上来。

The UNDP estimates that 51.6 million more people may have fallen into a poverty level defined as living off of $1.90 a day or less in the first three months after the war.

联合国开发计划署估计，在开战的头三个月内，可能又有5160万人掉入贫困线以下，即每天生活费不高于1.9美元。

An additional 20 million people dropped to the poverty line of $3.20 a day.

另有2000万人掉到每天3.2美元的贫困线。

UNDP Administrator Achim Steiner said at the launch of the report, "The cost of living impact is almost without precedent in a generation... and that is why it is so serious."

联合国开发计划署署长阿奇姆·施泰纳在报告发布时表示：“生活成本的影响在数十年中几乎史无前例的，这就是它如此严重的原因。”

Precedent means a similar event that happened at an earlier time.

先例是指更早前发生的类似事件。

The speed at which this many people experienced poverty went beyond the economic pain felt during the worst part of the pandemic.

这么多人陷入贫困的速度超出了大流行最严重时期所感受到的经济痛苦。

The UNDP noted that 125 million additional people experienced poverty over about 18 months during lockdowns and closures. In comparison, around 71 million hit poverty in just three months after Russia's invasion of Ukraine in late February.

联合国开发计划署指出，在封锁和停业期间的大约18个月时间里，新增1.25亿人遭受了贫困。相比之下，在2月下旬俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后的短短三个月内，约有7100万人陷入贫困。

"The speed of this is very quick," said George Molina, UNDP chief economist and writer of the report.

联合国开发计划署首席经济学家兼报告作者乔治·莫利纳表示；“这种速度非常快。”

Among the countries hit hardest by inflation are Haiti, Argentina, Egypt, Iraq, Turkey and the Philippines. Rwanda, Sudan, Ghana, Kenya, Sri Lanka and Uzbekistan are also in the group.

受通胀影响最严重的国家包括海地、阿根廷、埃及、伊拉克、土耳其和菲律宾。卢旺达、苏丹、加纳、肯尼亚、斯里兰卡和乌兹别克斯坦也在这一行列。

More people in these countries, some of which have had political problems like Sudan and Sri Lanka, are facing poverty, noted the UNDP.

联合国开发计划署指出，苏丹和斯里兰卡等一些面临政治问题的国家有更多人面临贫困。

In countries like Afghanistan, Ethiopia, Mali, Nigeria and Yemen, the effects of inflation are felt deeply by those already at the lowest poverty line.

在阿富汗、埃塞俄比亚、马里、尼日利亚和也门等国家，已经处于最低贫困线的人们深切感受到了通货膨胀的影响。

In Ghana, where the daily minimum wage is $1.80 a day, people are struggling under the weight of inflation. Albert Kowfie, a 27 year-old security guard in Accra, Ghana, said a loaf of bread costs over $2 and travel to work costs another 20 cents.

在每日最低工资为1.8美元的加纳，人们在通货膨胀的重压下苦苦挣扎。加纳阿克拉市27岁的保安Albert Kowfie表示，一条面包的价格超过2美元，上班路费另外还要花20美分。

"It means that by the end of the first week, everything is gone," he said.

他说：“这意味着到第一周结束后，钱就花光了。”

Kowfie expressed frustration at the government for not doing more to deal with the issue. "I don't answer my mother's calls anymore because I know she needs help since she is not on any pension, but what can l do?"

Kowfie对政府没有采取更多措施来解决这个问题表示失望。他说：“我不再接听妈妈的电话，因为我知道她需要帮助，她没有养老金，但我能做什么？”

Another U.N. report released Wednesday said world hunger rose last year with 2.3 billion people facing moderate or severe difficulty obtaining enough to eat — and that was before the war in Ukraine.

联合国周三发布的另一份报告称，去年世界饥饿人口上升，有23亿人在获取足够食物方面面临中度或重度的困境，这是在乌克拉战争之前。

The UNDP's Steiner said the world economy needs to step up. There is enough wealth in the world to deal with the crisis, he argues.

联合国开发计划署的施泰纳表示，世界经济需要加快步伐。他认为世界上有足够财富来应付这场危机。

"But," he said, "our ability to act in unison and rapidly is a constraint."

他说：“但是我们一致且迅速采取行动的能力是一种限制。”

The UNDP advises that governments spend more to reach the most affected people through targeted direct payments to them. These payments are known as cash transfers.

联合国开发计划署建议政府通过有针对性的直接补贴来帮助受影响最严重的人群。这类补贴被称之为现金补助。

For developing countries to do such transfers, the UNDP called for an extension of debt payments that had been in place during the pandemic among the world's richest nations.

为了让发展中国家进行这类补助，联合国开发计划署呼吁全球最富有国家延长在大流行期间已经到期的债务偿付的期限。