纪录片《文明》 第128期 艺术的胜利（5）（在线收听）

The Western Renaissance had been founded on the idea

西方文艺复兴的基础理念

of rebuilding the ruins of the classical pagan past

就是要重建古典异教风格的过去

and re-consecrating them for a new Christian age.

再将此重新奉献给新的基督教时代

The supreme test would be St Peter's.

终极考验就是圣伯多禄大殿

The original basilica built by Constantine in the fourth century

大殿原本是四世纪时由君士坦丁大帝建造的

was, by 1500, in danger of collapse.

到十六世纪 早已几近坍塌

In 1505, Pope Julius II shocked Rome

在1505年 教宗儒略二世决定拆毁

by deciding to demolish the old basilica.

老旧的大殿 这一决定震惊了罗马

The visionary architect Donato Bromante won the competition

远见卓识的建筑师多纳托.伯拉孟特赢得了

to build its successor.

重建大殿的资格

He got the job because a small,

他能得到这份工作是因为

perfect building caught the Pope's eye.

一座完美的小型建筑令教宗侧目

This little gem is really a glimpse inside the Renaissance mind,

这座小而精悍的建筑充分体现了文艺复兴理念

in particular, into Donato Bromante's mind.

特别是充分体现了多纳托.伯拉孟特的理念

It's a freestanding shrine to St Peter

那是一个圣彼得的独立神龛

in the cloister of the church of San Pietro in Montorio,

位于蒙托里奥的圣伯多禄大殿的走廊中

the place where St Peter himself was said

据说就是在那个地方

to have been crucified upside down.

圣彼得被倒着钉死在了十字架上

Let's think about what the word Renaissance means.

让我们来想想文艺复兴这个词的意思

It means a rebirth.

它意味着重生

And what was being reborn was classical antiquity.

而获得重生的就是经典的古风古迹

Bromante walked around Rome making very careful

伯拉孟特在罗马四处游走 将他的所见

scholarly notes of what he saw.

记录成了严谨的学术笔记

What he saw were pagan temples.

他看到了异教的神庙

So, what we have here is the perfect classical form

我们现在所见的就是已被毁掉的罗马教堂

of one of those ruined Roman temples.

完美的古典风格

A dome, sitting on a drum,

一个坐落在圆鼓石上的穹顶

with a colonnaded encirclement outside.

外围环绕一圈石柱廊

And, as such, what it does is take those perfect forms,

如此一来 这座建筑就将这些完美的图形

the hemisphere and wheeling circle,

将半球形和旋转的圆圈线条

the revolution of the planets,

将星球的革命结合起来

like a great cosmic timepiece, and says,

仿佛一台巨大的宇宙时钟 好像在说

this, harmoniously, is how the new sacred art is going to be.

这种和谐之美才是新一代宗教艺术该有的样子

There's something else on Bromante's mind, as well.

伯拉孟特也有别的想法

This is really a miniature size, doll's house prototype

这就是一个微小的雏形

for what he will want to happen to St Peter's itself.

他就想将圣伯多禄大殿建成这个样子