纪录片《文明》 第139期 艺术的胜利（16）（在线收听）

Every so often, the Virgin herself

每过一段时间 圣母本人

would show up for the pilgrims.

都会出现在朝圣者的面前

But this is no provincial scene, is it?

但这可不是什么粗俗的场景

Its appealing doorway in the backstreets of Rome,

这是罗马小巷中一座引人注目的房子门口

the doorstep drama is lit by a great wash of light.

一束耀眼的光照亮了门前的情景

But the reason why one of the Caravaggio's critics

但一名评论家称卡拉瓦乔的这幅画

said the painting caused a great "Schiamazzo", a cackle,

引起了"争议"[意大利语]

was because so much flesh was on display.

因为它暴露了太多肉体

This is a barefoot Madonna, not the spun sugar version

圣母赤着脚 不是传统绘画中

of conventional painting, but of real-life body,

纯洁天真的形象 而是真实的人体

probably Caravaggio's girlfriend.

原型可能是卡拉瓦乔的女朋友

And the adoration dwells on that sumptuous form -

作者对这华丽的形体倾注了爱慕之情

the heavy lids, the glossy ropes of hair.

厚厚的眼睑 光滑的发丝

And the naked Christ Child is a squirmy bambino, fat with pasta.

赤裸的圣婴蜷缩着 身躯肥胖

And the poor pilgrim couple who kneel before them

而跪在他们面前的那对贫穷的朝圣者

are made bodily present too -

也展现出了肉体身形

that big rump of the man,

男人肥大的臀部

those calloused feet from the long walk.

因长途跋涉而结满硬茧的双脚

As in all the greatest Caravaggio's,

同卡拉瓦乔所有杰作一样

these big fleshy figures are uncomfortably,

这些肥硕丰满的人物与我们如此接近

almost disturbingly, close to us.

令人不安 甚至令人排斥

Caravaggio has broken right through the fourth wall

卡拉瓦乔以践行

and he's done it in the

基督教义的名义

name of making the Christian message true.

直接打破了第四面墙

By which he means physically true.

他所说的真实是身体的写实

We don't get a kind of remote heavenly apparition that's granted

我们看到的并不是通过某个牧师

to us by the intercession of some priest.

转授予我们的遥远而神圣的幻影

No, we are physically in the company of the Madonna and Child,

不 我们身临其境地和圣母与圣婴相伴

just as much as if we are walking down the street and look round

就好像我们走在街上扭头一看

and there they are, standing in a doorway.

他们就在那里 站在某个门口

And this, of course, is a breach in every kind of decorum,

这自然违背了一切准则

social as well as aesthetic.

不论是社会准则还是审美准则

But breaking rules was what this generation of Western artists

但这一代西方艺术家所追求的就是

was all about.

打破成规

And the closer they got both to God and to kings,

矛盾的是 他们越接近上帝和王权

paradoxically, the more freedoms they claimed.

对自由的渴求就越强烈

And one of the most spectacular

这些规则打破者中

of those rule breakers was a woman

有一位杰出的女性

in her 40s when she painted this in England -

她四十多岁时在英格兰创作了这幅作品

Artemisia Gentileschi.

她就是阿尔泰米西娅.真蒂莱斯基