2022年经济学人 动物也有创造力？（2）（在线收听）

Ms Gigliotti says it would be an error to assume that animal creativity has to match the human version, though some examples turn out to be inarguably appealing to the human eye.

吉利奥蒂称，“动物的创造力必定与人类的创造力完全相同”是种错误的假设，尽管人们看到一些例子后很容易这么想。

Take the elaborate creation of a bowerbird.

以造园鸟的精美作品为例。

Its bower—two parallel rows of slender branches that arc towards each other above a platform lined with bits of glass, shells, leaves, flowers and feathers—is a beautiful ruse by the male to attract a female for mating.

它是这样建造亭子的：在一块平面上用两排平行的细长树枝搭成拱形，平面上还会排列着些玻璃、贝壳、树叶、花朵和羽毛，这是雄性吸引雌性交配的美丽诡计。

Though ostensibly a book about creativity, the author frequently veers off to discuss animal emotion (crayfish have feelings too; they can exhibit signs of anxiety) and intelligence (“the pigeon should be the poster child par excellence for intelligence”).

虽然《动物的创造性生活》表面上是一本关于创造力的书，但作者经常偏离主题，讨论动物的情感(小龙虾也有感情；它们也会表现出焦虑)和智力(“鸽子应该是智力的典范”)。

She argues that animal personality is not limited to primates, your faithful mutt or stand-offish cat.

她认为，并非只有灵长类动物、忠诚的宠物狗或冷漠的猫有个性。

There are hundreds of thousands of studies on animals’ character and they include ants, fish and mice.

关于动物性格的研究有数十万项，蚂蚁、鱼和老鼠也是研究对象。

Anthropomorphism—the ascribing of human feelings to animals—is not the scientific sin it once was.

认为动物具有人类情感的拟人论在科学领域已不再是种罪过。

Ms Goodall has said she was “quite unpleasantly” disparaged for doing just that.

古道尔称，她曾经正是因为这样做而受到了“非常令人不快”的诋毁。

Today, she has pointed out with a sense of vindication, you can get a PhD in animal personality.

而今天，她能带着一种正义感告诉人们，读动物个性专业也能当博士。

The book makes its strongest case when advocating a revision of how to think about, and act towards, animals.

《动物的创造性生活》在倡导人们改变看待和对待动物的方式上提出了最有力的论据。

Ms Gigliotti points out that humans are only one of millions of species on Earth.

吉利奥蒂指出，人类只是地球上数百万物种中的一种而已。

She suggests a retreat from anthropocentrism in favour of recognition that animals are individuals with complicated, powerful, creative lives of their own.

她建议人们放弃人类中心主义，承认动物是拥有复杂、强大和创造性生活的个体。