科学美国人60秒 女性CEO改变职场谈论女性的方式(2)（在线收听）

To find out if businesses talk the talk and walk the walk, the researchers parsed the shareholder reports and investor documents of S&P 500 companies.

为了找出企业是否说到做到，研究人员分析了标准普尔公司的股东报告和投资人文件。

Using natural language processing techniques, they analyzed some 43,000 files, containing more than 1.2 billion words.

他们使用自然语言处理技术，分析了大约4.3万份文件，包含超过12亿个单词。

And they looked for associations between words that signify women, like she and her.

他们寻找表示女性的词语之间的联系，比如“she”和“her”。

And words typically associated with leadership, like assertive or ambitious or effective.

还有一些通常与领导力相关的词汇，比如果断、雄心勃勃或高效。

One way to think of it is if you had an autocomplete system like you use on your phone and you said “she is…” it would be like, how likely is it that the next word is “powerful”?

一种理解方式是，如果你有一个手机上使用的自动补全系统，你会说“她是……”，也就是说，下一个单词有多大的可能是“高效”?

Once they assessed this association…

一旦他们评估了这种联系……

We then asked: how do these associations change when you hire women as leaders?

然后我们会问: 当你雇佣女性担任领导时，这些联系会发生什么变化?

And we saw the same pattern across all of this data: that hiring women as senior leaders led to an increased association with those leadership-congruent traits.

我们在所有的数据中都看到了相同的模式: 聘用女性担任高级领导会增加这些与领导力特征一致的词汇的关联。

And it wasn’t that the companies were extolling the virtues of their own specific staff.

这并不是说这些公司在颂扬自己某个特定员工的优点。

So it’s not just discussion of those new CEOs and board members.

这不仅仅是对新首席执行官和董事会成员的讨论。

But [it] actually generalizes to discussion of women more broadly.

而且这实际上可以更广泛地扩展到对女性的讨论。

So we were heartened to see this result.

所以看到这个结果，我们很振奋。

At the same time, they wondered whether there might be any backlash.

与此同时，他们想知道是否会有任何反作用。

In other words, when a woman is seen as more competent, is she then considered to be less compassionate and considerate.

换句话说，当一个女性被认为更有能力时，她就会被认为缺乏同情心、不那么体贴。

Happily, we saw that there was no decreased association with being caring and these kinds of likable traits.

令人高兴的是，我们发现与体贴和这些讨人喜欢的特质的联系并没有减少。

Even better, the data suggests that the organizations that saw the biggest boost in female-linked leadership language are more likely to hire even more women.

更好的是，数据显示，女性关联领导语言增加最多的公司，更有可能雇佣更多女性。

So this highlights the opportunity for a virtuous cycle where the effect can snowball.

因此，这突显了良性循环的机会，在这种循环中，影响可能会像滚雪球一样越来越大。

Appointing women leads women to be more closely associated with these traits that are seen as necessary to be leaders and this can actually precipitate hiring more women in the future.

任命女性会让女性与这些被视为成为领导者所必需的特质更紧密地联系在一起，这实际上会促使未来雇佣更多女性。

So it’s a very exciting process to witness.

见证这一过程是非常令人兴奋的。

And something the head honcho will surely write about in her next annual report.

顶头上司肯定会在她的下一份年度报告中写下这句话。

For Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I’m Karen Hopkin.

谢谢大家收听科学美国人——60秒科学。我是凯伦·霍普金。