VOA教育报道2023 OpenAI官方推出AI生成内容识别器（在线收听）

A new tool from the maker of ChatGPT aims to help deal with concerns about how artificial intelligence (or AI) can be used to cheat in school.

ChatGPT的制造商推出了一款新工具，旨在帮助解决人们对人工智能如何被用来在学校作弊的担忧。

The tool is called AI Text Classifier.

这款工具被称为AI文本分类器。

It is designed to identify writing that was produced not by students but by AI programs.

设计它的目的是识别由人工智能程序而不是学生写的文章。

The tool was launched by OpenAI, an AI technology company based in San Francisco.

该工具由总部位于旧金山的人工智能技术公司OpenAI推出。

The company is the maker of ChatGPT, an AI system that can produce any kind of writing on demand.

该公司是ChatGPT的制造商，ChatGPT是一种人工智能系统，可以按需生成任何类型的文字。

Many education officials are concerned that ChatGPT could fuel academic dishonesty and harm learning.

许多教育官员担心，ChatGPT可能会助长学术欺诈之风，不利于学习。

But, OpenAI warns that its new AI Text Classifier tool – like others already available – is not perfect.

但是，OpenAI警告称，它推出的新AI文本分类器工具——就像现有的其他工具一样——并不完美。

The method for detecting AI-written writing "will be wrong sometimes," said Jan Leike of OpenAI.

OpenAI的简·莱克表示，检测人工智能生成的文字的方法“有时会出错”。

"Because of that," he added, "it shouldn't be solely relied upon when making decisions."

“正因为如此，”他补充说，“在做决定时不应该完全依赖它。”

Teenagers and college students were among the millions of people who began experimenting with ChatGPT after it launched on November 30.

自11月30日ChatGPT推出以来，数百万人开始试用ChatGPT，其中包括青少年和大学生。

The tool is a free service on OpenAI's website.

该工具是OpenAI网站上的免费服务。

Many people have found ways to use it creatively and harmlessly.

许多人已经找到了创造性地、无害地使用它的方法。

Still, some educators are concerned about the ease with which it could answer take-home test questions or do other assignments.

尽管如此，一些教育工作者还是担心它为学生查询家庭测试题或其他作业的答案所带来的“便利性”。

School districts around the country report they are seeing discussions about ChatGPT change quickly.

全国各地的学区报告称，他们观察到关于ChatGPT的讨论迅速发生了变化。

By the time schools opened for the new year, New York City, Los Angeles, and other big public school districts in the United States began to block its use in classrooms and on school devices.

到新学期开始时，纽约市、洛杉矶和美国其他大型公立学区开始禁止在教室和学校设备上使用它。

The Seattle Public School district blocked ChatGPT on all school devices in December but then opened it to educators.

去年12月，西雅图公立学区禁止在所有学校设备上使用ChatGPT，但随后向教育工作者开放。

District spokesman Tim Robinson said teachers wanted to use ChatGPT as a teaching tool.

学区发言人蒂姆·罗宾逊表示，教师们希望将ChatGPT作为一种教学工具。

"We can't afford to ignore it," Robinson said.

罗宾逊说：“我们不能忽视这一点”。

The district is also discussing expanding the use of ChatGPT to classrooms to let teachers use it to teach students critical thinking.

该学区还在讨论将ChatGPT的使用扩展到课堂，让教师使用它来教授学生批判性思维。

Students could also use the service as a "personal tutor" or to help create ideas when working on an assignment, Robinson said.

罗宾逊说，学生还可以使用这项服务作为“私人教师”，或在做作业时帮助他们创造想法。

OpenAI wrote about the limitations of its detection tool on a blog recently.

OpenAI最近在一篇博客上谈到了其检测工具的局限性。

But the company added that the tool could help to find disinformation campaigns and misuse of AI to mimic humans in addition to catching plagiarism.

但该公司补充说，除了发现抄袭行为外，该工具还可以帮助发现虚假信息活动和滥用人工智能模仿人类的行为。

The longer a piece of writing, the better the tool is at detecting if an AI system or a human wrote something.

文章写得越长，该工具就越能检测出文章是由人工智能系统生成的还是人写的。

AI Text Classifier can examine any piece of writing whether it is a college admissions essay, or a literary study of Ralph Ellison's Invisible Man.

AI文本分类器可以检查任何一篇文章，无论是大学录取论文，还是拉尔夫·埃里森的《看不见的人》的文学研究。

The tool will then claim it as either "very unlikely, unlikely, unclear if it is, possibly, or likely" AI-created.

该工具会声称它要么是“非常不可能的，不可能的，不清楚它是不是，可能是，或者很可能”是人工智能生成的。

But much like ChatGPT itself, it is not easy to say how AI Text Classifier comes up with a result, Leike said.

但莱克说，就像ChatGPT本身一样，说明AI文本分类器是如何得出结果的并不容易。

There is a lot about the tool that is still not well understood.

关于这个工具还有很多尚未被充分了解的地方。

He said, "There's really not much we could say at this point about how the classifier actually works."

他说：“关于该分类器的实际工作原理，我们真的不能说太多。”

Colleges around the world also have begun debating responsible use of AI technology.

世界各地的大学也开始就负责任地使用人工智能技术展开讨论。

The Paris Institute of Political Studies, or Sciences Po, one of France's most famous universities, banned its use recently.

法国最著名的大学之一巴黎政治学院最近禁止使用该工具。

Sciences Po warned that anyone found using ChatGPT and other AI tools to produce written or spoken work could be banned from the school and other institutions.

巴黎政治学院警告称，任何使用ChatGPT和其他人工智能工具生成书面或口头作业的人都可能被禁止进入该学校和其他机构。

To answer criticism, OpenAI said it has been working for several weeks to create new recommendations to help educators.

为了回应批评，OpenAI表示，他们已经花了几周时间来建立新提议，以帮助教育工作者。

France's digital economy minister Jean-Noel Barrot recently met in California with OpenAI leaders, including CEO Sam Altman.

法国数字经济部长让-诺埃尔·巴罗最近在加利福尼亚州会见了OpenAI的领导人，其中包括首席执行官山姆·阿尔特曼。

Barrot a week later told people gathered at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland that he was hopeful about the technology.

一周后，巴罗在瑞士达沃斯世界经济论坛上告诉与会者，他对这项技术抱有希望。

But the government minister said there are also difficult moral questions that will need to be dealt with.

但这位政府部长表示，还有一些棘手的道德问题需要解决。

"So if you're in the law faculty, there is room for concern because obviously ChatGPT, among other tools, will be able to deliver exams that are relatively impressive," he said.

他说：“如果你是法律系的，你有理由担心，因为显然，相比其他工具，ChatGPT将能够提供相对令人印象深刻的考试。”

"If you are in the economics faculty, then you're fine because ChatGPT will have a hard time finding or delivering something that is expected when you are in a graduate-level economics faculty."

“如果你是经济系的，那你就不用担心，因为ChatGPT将很难找到或提供一些经济系研究生所期望获得的东西。”

He said it will be increasingly important for users to understand how these systems work so they know what biases might exist.

他说，对用户来说，了解这些系统是如何运转的将变得越来越重要，因为只有这样他们才能知道可能存在的偏见。

I'm John Russell. And I'm Ashley Thompson.

约翰·拉塞尔、阿什利·汤普森为您共同播报。