VOA新闻杂志2023 报告称索马里去年预计有43000人死于干旱（在线收听）

A new report says an estimated 43,000 people died during Somalia's longest drought on record last year. Half of them were likely children under five years old.

一份新报告称，估计有43000人在索马里去年最长的干旱期间死亡。 其中一半可能是5岁以下儿童。

It is the first official count of deaths announced in the drought that is affecting large parts of the Horn of Africa.

这是在这场影响非洲之角大部分地区的干旱中宣布的第一批正式统计的死亡人数。

At least 18,000 people, and as many as 34,000, are predicted to die in the first six months of this year.

预计今年上半年至少会有18000人、至多会有34000人死亡。

"The current crisis is far from over," says the report. It was released Monday by the World Health Organization and the United Nations children's agency. And it was carried out by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.

报告称：“目前的危机还远远没有结束。”这是由世卫组织和联合国儿童机构周一发布的报告。它是由伦敦卫生与热带医学院开展执行的。

Somalia and neighboring Ethiopia and Kenya are facing a sixth consecutive season with little rain. Rising world food prices and the war in Ukraine add to the hunger crisis.

索马里以及邻近的埃塞俄比亚和肯尼亚连续遭遇了第6个少雨的季节。世界粮食价格上涨以及乌克兰战争加重了饥饿危机。

The U.N. and partners earlier this year said they were no longer predicting an official famine declaration in Somalia for now. But they called the situation "extremely critical" with more than 6 million people hungry in that country alone.

联合国及其合作伙伴今年早些时候表示，他们现在不再预期索马里发布官方饥荒声明。但是他们称仅在那个国家就有超过600万人挨饿，局势“极危急”。

Famine is the extreme lack of food and a high death rate from lack of food or nutrients combined with diseases like cholera. A famine declaration means information shows more than a fifth of households suffer from extreme food shortage, more than 30 percent of children are severely malnourished, and over two people out of 10,000 are dying every day.

饥荒是由于缺乏食物或营养叠加霍乱这样的疾病，导致食物严重缺乏和死亡率畸高。发布饥荒声明意味着信息显示有超过20%的家庭面临极端的食物缺乏，超过30%的儿童营养不良，每天有0.02%的人口死亡。

"The risk of famine still remains," a U.N. representative in Somalia, Adam Abdelmoula, told reporters on Monday.

联合国驻索马里代表亚当·阿卜杜勒穆拉周一对记者说：“饥荒风险仍然存在。”

Some humanitarian and climate officials this year have warned that the changing situation is worse than the 2011 famine in Somalia. A quarter-million people died during that famine.

今年一些人道主义官员和气候官员警告称，局势变化比2011年索马里饥荒更糟。在那次饥荒期间有25万人死亡。

"The death rate was increasing as the year came to a close," London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine professor Francesco Checchi told reporters. The hardest-hit populations are in Bay and Bakool in southwest Somalia and displaced people who went to the capital, Mogadishu.

伦敦卫生及热带医学院教授弗朗切斯科·奇西对记者表示：“死亡率随着一年临近结束不断上升。”受打击最严重是索马里西南部的海湾和巴库尔的人口以及前往首都摩加迪沙的流离失所者。

Millions of farm animals that are kept, raised, and used by people have also died in the current crisis. And it is worsened by climate change and insecurity as Somalia battles thousands of fighters with al-Qaida's East Africa counterpart, al-Shabab. The U.N. migrations agency says 3.8 million people are displaced, a record high.

人们喂养的数百万头家畜也在当前的危机中死亡。气候变化以及索马里军队与数千名索马里青年党激战的不安全感使得情况恶化。联合国移民局表示，有380万人流离失所，创下了新高。

A food security examination released last month said nearly a half-million children in Somalia are likely to be severely malnourished this year. This time, the world is looking elsewhere, many humanitarian officials say.

上个月发布的粮食安全检查报告称，索马里今年可能会有近50万儿童严重营养不良。许多人道主义官员表示，没人关注这里。

"Many of the traditional donors have washed their hands and focused on Ukraine," Abdelmoula told the visiting U.S. ambassador to the U.N., Linda Thomas-Greenfield, during a meeting in Mogadishu in January.

阿卜杜勒穆拉在一月份莫加迪沙举办的一次会议上对来访的美国驻联合国大使琳达·汤玛斯·葛林斐德说：“许多传统捐助者都不再过问索马里，他们都专注于乌克兰。”