VOA健康报道2023 墨西哥堕胎网络成美国妇女的"避难所"（在线收听）

Marcela Castro's office in Chihuahua is more than 150 kilometers from the United States-Mexico border.

玛塞拉·卡斯特罗在奇瓦瓦的办公室距离美墨边境150多公里。

But the distance does not prevent her from assisting women in the U.S. to go around the recent bans on abortion, a medical procedure to end a pregnancy.

但距离并不妨碍她帮助美国妇女避开最近颁布的堕胎禁令，堕胎是一种终止妊娠的医疗程序。

Castro and her coworkers work for Marea Verde Chihuahua.

卡斯特罗和她的同事在Marea Verde Chihuahua工作。

The organization of mostly volunteers has supported reproductive rights in northern Mexico since 2018.

自2018年以来，这个主要由志愿者组成的组织一直支持墨西哥北部的生殖权利。

They provide virtual guidance and abortion pills for women who want to end a pregnancy on their own.

他们为想要自己终止妊娠的妇女在线提供指导和堕胎药物。

Their abortion model requires no travel, health center visit, or prescriptions.

他们的堕胎模式不需要旅行，不需要去医疗中心就诊，也不需要开处方。

It was developed by Mexican activists through many years of facing abortion bans and restrictions in Mexico.

它是由墨西哥活动人士在多年面临墨西哥的堕胎禁令和限制措施的情况下开发的。

The organization does not charge for the help they provide.

该组织对他们提供的帮助不收费。

And the model gained interest in the U.S. as the Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade to end the constitutional right to abortion last year.

去年，美国最高法院推翻了罗诉韦德案，终止了宪法规定的堕胎权，之后，这种模式在美国引起了人们的兴趣。

Castro and her coworkers are trained "acompanantes."

卡斯特罗和她的同事都是训练有素的“陪护者”。

They can safely advise women on self-administered medical abortions.

他们可以建议妇女安全地自行进行药物流产。

And they serve as a guide and partner, in person or from a distance.

他们面对面或远程充当指导者和伙伴。

They have studied national abortion guidelines and they fully know the medical procedures established by the World Health Organization (WHO).

他们研究了国家堕胎准则，他们充分了解世界卫生组织制定的医疗程序。

"We don't offer medical attention because we are not doctors," Castro said.

“我们不提供医疗服务，因为我们不是医生，”卡斯特罗说。

"Although it is a medical procedure, it does not require hospital measures."

“虽然这是一种医疗程序，但不需要医院采取措施。”

Most women from the U.S. contact Marea Verde Chihuahua through social media or are introduced by someone.

大多数来自美国的女性通过社交媒体或由别人介绍联系Marea Verde Chihuahua。

Most communicate in Spanish, though the "acompanantes" could also assist English speakers as well.

大多数人用西班牙语交流，不过“陪护者”也可以帮助说英语的人。

Communication usually is conducted via a mobile and secure tool, WhatsApp.

交流通常是通过手机上的安全工具WhatsApp进行的。

In most cases, medication is advised and the "acompanante" provides a combination of two drugs, misoprostol and mifepristone, to end the pregnancy.

在大多数情况下，建议服用药物，“陪护者”提供米索前列醇和米非司酮两种药物来终止妊娠。

They are both considered safe by the WHO and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.

它们都被世界卫生组织和美国食品药品监督管理局认为是安全的。

The work of the "acompanantes" troubles anti-abortion activists in Mexico.

“陪护者”的工作让墨西哥的反堕胎积极分子感到困扰。

One of them, Jahel Torres of a national group called Pasos por la Vida, suggested there were health risks because abortion pills were given by non-medical workers.

其中一位是来自全国性组织Pasos por la Vida的雅赫尔·托雷斯，他表示堕胎药是由非医务人员提供的，因此存在健康风险。

However, the WHO's guidelines show self-administered abortion as a safe option.

然而，世界卫生组织的指导方针显示，自行堕胎是一种安全的选择。

John Seago is president of Right to Life in the U.S. state of Texas.

约翰·西戈是美国得克萨斯州“生命权”组织的主席。

The organization is pushing for new legislation to punish those breaking Texas law by helping people receive abortions.

该组织正在推动新的立法，以惩罚那些帮助人们堕胎、违反得克萨斯州法律的人。

He said there has yet to be any strong effort to bring legal action against those involved with supplying abortion pills to people who live in Texas.

他说，目前还没有任何强有力的措施来对那些向得克萨斯州居民提供堕胎药的人采取法律行动。

"Texas simply does not have enough policy tools to efficiently stop these practices," Seago said.

西戈说：“得克萨斯州根本没有足够的政策工具来有效地阻止这些做法。”

Nathan Cortez is a professor of health law at Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas.

内森·科尔特斯是得克萨斯州达拉斯市南卫理公会大学的卫生法教授。

He said he expected that women in states with abortion bans would consider getting help from outside the U.S.

他说，他预计那些禁止堕胎的州的妇女会考虑从美国以外的地方寻求帮助。

Las Libres is an organization founded 20 years ago in the Mexican state of Guanajuato, where abortion is still banned.

Las Libres是一个20年前在墨西哥瓜纳华托州成立的组织，那里仍然禁止堕胎。

It is led by activist Veronica Cruz.

该组织由活动家维罗妮卡·克鲁兹领导。

And it began training acompanantes since 2019.

从2019年开始，它开始培训“陪护者”。

"In January 2022, we had an average of 10 cases every day. When Roe was overturned, in June, we had up to a hundred," Cruz said.

克鲁兹说：“2022年1月，我们平均每天有10个病例。当罗诉韦德案在6月份被推翻时，我们有多达100个病例。”

She said the numbers kept rising until they reached 300 requests per day, all from the U.S.

她说，这个数字一直在上升，直到每天有300个请求，所有这些请求都来自美国。

The workload was so large for her team of 10 people, so she created new networks to help.

对于她的10人团队来说，工作量太大了，所以她创建了新的网络来提供帮助。

"In one year we created more than 20 networks. We are about 200 people helping only the United States," Cruz said.

克鲁兹说：“在一年的时间里，我们创建了20多个网络。我们仅在美国就帮助了大约200人。”

I'm Gregory Stachel.

格雷戈里·施塔赫尔为您播报。