VOA健康报道2023 美国妇女都没权药物流产?（在线收听）

A federal appeals court ruled late Wednesday that the abortion drug mifepristone may still be used in the United States for now with some restrictions.

周三晚些时候，一家联邦上诉法院裁定，堕胎药物米非司酮目前仍可在美国使用，但有一些限制。

Abortion is a process that ends a woman's pregnancy.

堕胎是终止妇女妊娠的过程。

One restriction requires visiting a doctor in-person to receive the drug.

其中一项限制要求孕妇亲自去看医生才能获取该药物。

Another restriction limits the drug's use to the first seven weeks of pregnancy, down from the current 10 weeks.

另一项限制规定在怀孕的前七周可以使用该药物，而目前规定是在怀孕的前十周可以使用该药物。

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the drug Mifepristone 23 years ago.

美国食品药品监督管理局在23年前批准了米非司酮。

In 2016, the agency expanded the use to 10 weeks and permitted sending it to women by mail.

2016年，该机构将使用时间延长至10周，并允许邮寄该药物给女性。

Medical experts say millions of women have used the drug to end their pregnancies in combination with a second drug, misoprostol.

医学专家表示，数以百万计的女性将这种药物与另一种药物米索前列醇一起使用来终止妊娠。

The appeals court decision narrowed a ruling by a lower court judge in Texas.

该上诉法院的裁决缩小了得克萨斯州一名下级法院法官的裁决范围。

That ruling suspended the FDA's approval of the drug.

该裁决使得美国食品药品监督管理局批准该药物的进程暂停。

Preventing the drug from being sent by mail means there is a limit on the most used method of abortion in the U.S.

禁止邮寄该药物意味着美国最常用的堕胎方法受到了限制。

Alliance Defending Freedom, the group that brought the Texas legal case against the drug, called the federal appeals court decision a "victory."

在得克萨斯州提起反对该药物法律诉讼的捍卫自由联盟称，该联邦上诉法院的裁决是一场“胜利”。

The group was also involved in the U.S. Supreme Court decision overturning Roe v. Wade to end the constitutional right to abortion last year.

去年，该组织还参与了美国最高法院推翻罗诉韦德案的裁决，该裁决结束了宪法赋予的堕胎权。

U.S. Attorney General Merrick Garland said in a statement that the Biden administration "strongly disagrees" with the appeals court decision.

美国司法部长梅里克·加兰在一份声明中说，拜登政府“强烈反对”该上诉法院的裁决。

"We will be seeking emergency relief from the Supreme Court to defend the FDA's scientific judgment and protect Americans' access to safe and effective reproductive care," he said.

他说：“我们将会向最高法院寻求紧急救济，以捍卫美国食品药品监督管理局的科学裁决，保护美国人获得安全有效的生殖保健”。

The latest abortion dispute started last Friday with conflicting court decisions in the states of Texas and Oregon.

最新的堕胎争议始于上周五，当时得克萨斯州和俄勒冈州的法院裁决相互矛盾。

In Texas, U.S. District Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk ordered a hold on FDA approval of mifepristone last Friday.

在得克萨斯州，美国地区法官马修·卡斯马利克上周五下令暂停美国食品药品监督管理局批准米非司酮。

The order came after anti-abortion groups claimed that the FDA used an improper process when it approved mifepristone in 2000.

在该命令发布之前，反堕胎组织声称美国食品药品监督管理局在2000年批准米非司酮时使用了不正当的程序。

They said the agency did not fully consider the drug's safety when used by girls under the age of 18 to end a pregnancy.

他们表示，当18岁以下的女孩使用该药物来终止妊娠时，该机构没有充分考虑该药物的安全性。

Kacsmaryk agreed with the anti-abortion groups.

卡斯马利克同意反堕胎组织的观点。

He wrote that the FDA ignored safety concerns when it approved mifepristone.

他写道，美国食品药品监督管理局在批准米非司酮时忽视了安全问题。

His order also agreed with anti-abortion groups who said that a 19th-century law could be used to block sending abortion drugs through the mail.

他的命令也与反堕胎组织的说法一致，反堕胎组织表示，可以用19世纪的一项法律来阻止邮寄堕胎药物。

The Comstock Act was passed in 1873.

《康斯托克法》于1873年通过。

It banned mailing birth control methods and things that could be used in an abortion.

它禁止邮寄避孕方法和可能用于堕胎的东西。

Since then, courts have narrowed the law.

从那以后，法院缩小了法律的适用范围。

Some legal experts say the law has not been enforced since the 1930s.

一些法律专家表示，这项法律自20世纪30年代以来就没有执行过。

But anti-abortion groups turned to the law after the Supreme Court overturned the Roe v. Wade decision.

但在最高法院推翻了罗诉韦德案的裁决后，反堕胎组织求助于这项法律。

In Oregon, U.S. District Judge Thomas Rice issued a different ruling.

在俄勒冈州，美国地区法官托马斯·赖斯做出了不同的裁决。

He ordered federal officials not to make any changes that would restrict the use of mifepristone.

他命令联邦官员不要做出任何限制使用米非司酮的改变。

The ruling came from a legal action brought by a group of 17 Democratic Party-led states seeking to expand availability of abortion drugs.

这项裁决是在17个民主党领导的州提出的法律诉讼后作出的，目的是扩大堕胎药物的供应。

States led by Democratic Party governors are buying up drugs used in abortions to guarantee their availability.

由民主党州长领导的州正在购买用于堕胎的药物，以保证它们的供应。

On Monday, the Justice Department appealed Kacsmaryk's ruling.

周一，美国司法部对卡斯马利克的裁决提出上诉。

Also, more than 300 drug company officials signed an open letter calling for the Texas ruling to be struck down.

此外，300多名制药公司官员签署了一封公开信，要求推翻得克萨斯州的裁决。

They said the ruling limits the FDA's power and ignores years of scientific evidence of the drug's safety.

他们表示，这项裁决限制了美国食品药品监督管理局的权力，忽视了多年来有关该药物安全性的科学证据。

Alliance Defending Freedom said in a call with the media early Thursday that it did not plan to ask the Supreme Court to become involved at this point.

捍卫自由联盟周四早些时候在与媒体的通话中表示，其目前不打算要求最高法院介入。

It remains unclear if the Supreme Court will take the case.

目前尚不清楚最高法院是否会受理此案。

But the appeal of Kacsmaryk's earlier ruling will continue in the appeals court whether or not all or part of it remains in effect.

但卡斯马利克之前的裁决无论是全部还是部分有效，上诉法院仍将会继续上诉。

I'm Mario Ritter, Jr.

小马里奥·里特为您播报。