VOA科学技术2023 人权组织称刚果采矿威胁人权（在线收听）

Rights Groups: Mining in the DRC Threatens Human Rights

人权组织称刚果采矿威胁人权

Rights groups say mining cobalt and copper in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, known as the DRC, has led to human rights abuses.

人权组织表示，在刚果民主共和国开采钴和铜导致了侵犯人权的行为。

London-based Amnesty International and a rights group based in the DRC released a report on the issue on September 11. It said mining companies forcibly removed people from their homes and farmland. Many of those affected said they were not paid enough.

总部位于伦敦的大赦国际和总部位于刚果民主共和国的一家人权组织于9月11日就此问题发布了一项报告。报告称，矿业公司强行将人们从家中和农田中赶走。许多受此影响的人士表示，他们未得到足够赔偿。

The recent report also said people were attacked, including sexually attacked, and also had their property destroyed or damaged.

最近的报告还说，人们遭到袭击，包括性侵，他们的财产也遭到破坏。

Cobalt is an element needed for long-lasting batteries in things like electric vehicles and similar technologies. The DRC is believed to have more cobalt than any other country in the world. The country is also Africa's top producer of copper, which is needed in the electrical industry.

钴是电动汽车和类似技术中的长效电池所需的元素。据信，刚果民主共和国的钴储量超过了世界上任何其他国家。该国也是非洲最大的铜生产国，电力行业需要铜。

Criticism of the trade in cobalt, copper and other minerals in the DRC is not new. Amnesty International accused the cobalt mining industry there of using child labor in 2016.

对刚果民主共和国钴、铜和其他矿产贸易的批评并不是什么新鲜事。大赦国际在2016年指责那里的钴矿业使用童工。

In July, the U.S. House of Representatives introduced a measure to ban imported products containing cobalt and copper mined through child labor or other abusive conditions in the DRC.

7月，美国众议院出台了一项措施，禁止进口刚果民主共和国含有通过童工或其他虐待条件下所开采钴和铜的产品。

Amnesty International has also reported many incidents of violence related to mining activity. In 2016, it said soldiers burned down a settlement to begin work on a cobalt and copper mine. The fire left a two-year-old girl with scars that will affect her for the rest of her life.

大赦国际还报告了许多与采矿活动有关的暴力事件。据报道，2016年，士兵们烧毁了一个定居点，以便开始开采钴铜矿。大火给一名两岁女孩留下了伤痕，这将影响她的余生。

The rights groups said they talked to 133 people during separate visits in February and September 2022. The people were in six places around Kolwezi, a city in the south of the country, and were affected by the abuses related to cobalt and copper mining.

人权组织表示，他们在2022年2月和9月的单独访问中与133人进行了交谈。这些人生活在该国南部城市科尔韦齐周边的六个地方，受到了与钴和铜矿开采有关的虐待行为的影响。

One neighborhood, home to 39,000 people, has been facing destruction because of the expansion of a copper and cobalt mine since 2015.

自2015年以来，由于一座铜钴矿的扩建，一处居住着39000人的社区一直面临着破坏。

The rights groups studied documents, photos, videos, satellite images and company communications.

人权组织研究了文件、照片、视频、卫星图像和企业通信。

Amnesty International said companies are not doing enough to deal with human rights concerns. Chemaf is a cobalt and copper mining company based in Dubai that operates in the DRC.

大赦国际表示，企业在处理人权问题上做得不够。Chemaf是一家总部位于迪拜的钴和铜矿开采公司，该公司在刚果民主共和国开展业务。

Following protests in 2019, the company paid $1.5 million to former residents through local officials. People received between $50 and $300. But the report said that was not enough. None of the former residents were able to secure good housing.

在2019年的抗议活动之后，该公司通过当地官员向原先的居民支付了150万美元。人们收到了50到300美元。但报告称这还不够。原先的居民没人能够获得良好的住房。

The rights groups said the world is demanding more "green" technologies that are not linked to climate change. However, the mining of minerals that are needed for these green technologies are causing social and environmental harm.

人权组织表示，世界正在要求更多与气候变化无关的“绿色”技术。然而，这些绿色技术所需的矿产开采正在造成社会和环境危害。

The group said removing carbon from the world economy "must not lead to further human rights violations."

该组织表示，从世界经济中消除碳“绝不能导致进一步侵犯人权”。