2023年经济学人 大麻给医生造成的困扰（1）（在线收听）

    O beautiful for spacious highs

    迷人的无穷兴奋感

    As more Americans get high, medical drawbacks of marijuana come to the fore.

    随着越来越多的美国人吸食大麻，大麻的医学弊端也浮出水面。

    Waking up in the middle of a surgery is the stuff of nightmares.

    在手术中醒来简直是噩梦。

    Your eyes squint open as a surgeon digs her scalpel into your abdomen.

    当外科医生将手术刀插入你的腹部时，你微微睁开了眼睛。

    The operating team becomes frantic;

    手术团队全体疯狂;

    an anaesthesiologist rushes to administer a stronger dose.

    麻醉师赶忙加了更大的剂量。

    Though some such horror stories have made headlines,尽管这么恐怖的故事上了头条，

    thanks to modern medicine that kind of situation is exceedingly rare.

    但还好有现代医学，这种情况极其罕见。

    But the risk of it happening may be rising and anaesthesiologists are taking note.

    不过发生这种情况的风险可能正在上升，麻醉师也注意到了这一点。

    The culprit is not an invasion of evil doctors or a bad batch of drugs,罪魁祸首不是医德丧失，也不是劣质毒品，

    but the rise in Americans’ casual use of a substance that many think is harmless: marijuana.

    而是美国人频繁使用一种许多人认为无害的物质:大麻。

    A study published in 2019 found that patients who used marijuana on a daily or weekly basis2019年发表的一项研究发现，

    needed up to three times the typical anaesthesia dose to stay under每天或每周使用大麻的患者在手术期间需要高达常规麻醉的三倍剂量while they were in the operating theatre.

    才能保持昏迷状态。

    Smoking weed before surgery can make patients confused, irritable手术前抽大麻会让病人感到混乱、易怒，

    and sometimes even violent when they wake up.

    有时醒来后甚至会有暴力行为。

    But the problems do not end there.

    但问题并未就此结束。

    A working paper presented in October, which has yet to be peer-reviewed,10月份提交的一份工作论文(尚未经过同行评审)表明，suggests that weed can hinder recovery, too.

    大麻也会影响术后恢复。

    Of the nearly 35,000 Cleveland Clinic patients assessed, those who used marijuana在克利夫兰诊所接受评估的近3.5万名患者中，那些在手术前30天内within 30 days of their operation experienced 14% more pain in the day after surgery使用大麻的患者，术后一天的疼痛增加了14%，and took 7% more prescription opioids to ease it.

    并且多服用了7%的处方阿片类药物来缓解疼痛。

    Why this might be is, like anaesthesia itself, something of a mystery.

    造成这种情况的原因，就像麻醉本身一样，是个谜。

    The problem is magnified by a growing number of Americans getting high.

    由于越来越多的美国人吸大麻，这个问题被放大了。

    This past November Maryland and Missouri joined 19 states and Washington DC,去年11月，马里兰州和密苏里州加入了19个州和华盛顿的行列，in legalising recreational marijuana.

    将娱乐用大麻合法化。

    New York recently awarded its first cannabis retail licences;纽约最近颁发了第一批大麻零售许可证;

    in January Connecticut stores got the green light to start selling it.

    今年1月，康涅狄格州的商店获准开始销售大麻。

    The share of Americans who report smoking weed jumped from 7% in 2013—报告称吸食大麻的美国人比例从2013年的7%跃升至2022年的16%。

    the year before legal sales began in Colorado, the pioneering state—to 16% in 2022.

    2013年是大麻在科罗拉多州合法销售开始的前一年。