VOA新闻杂志2024 2023年全球空气质量报告发布 孟加拉国最差（在线收听）

Report: Pakistan, Bangladesh Suffer World’s Most Polluted Air

2023年全球空气质量报告发布 孟加拉国最差

　　Information from this year's IQAir World Air Quality Report shows only seven countries met the World Health Organization's (WHO) pollution recommendations in 2023.

　　今年发布的《IQAir世界空气质量报告》的信息显示，2023年，只有七个国家符合世界卫生组织的污染建议。

　　The report said the five countries with what it called the lowest air quality had particle levels at least nine times higher than what the WHO recommends.

　　该报告称，空气质量最差的5个国家的颗粒物水平至少是世界卫生组织建议的9倍。

　　Three South Asian countries – Bangladesh, Pakistan and India – had the world's lowest air quality, the report said.

　　报告称，孟加拉国、巴基斯坦和印度这三个南亚国家的空气质量是全球最差的。

　　The information comes from the Swiss company IQAir, which makes air quality-related products. The report used measurements from over 30,000 stations across 134 countries.

　　这些信息来自瑞士IQAir公司，该公司生产空气质量相关产品。该报告使用了来自134个国家的30000多个台站的测量数据。

　　IQAir uses the WHO standard of PM2.5 to measure the size of breathable pollutant particles in the air. The PM2.5 measurement means the particles are 2.5 microns or less in diameter. The diameter of human hair, for example, is about 30 times larger than a particle of 2.5 microns.

　　IQAir采用世界卫生组织的PM2.5标准来测量空气中可呼吸污染物颗粒的大小。PM2.5的测量意味着颗粒物的直径为2.5微米或更小。例如，人类头发的直径大约是2.5微米颗粒的30倍。

　　In Bangladesh, the concentration of PM2.5 particles reached 79.9 micrograms per cubic meter in 2023. In Pakistan, the number was 73.7. The WHO recommends a reading of no more than five micrograms.

　　在孟加拉国，2023年PM2.5颗粒物浓度达到每立方米79.9微克。在巴基斯坦，这一数字为73.7微克。世界卫生组织建议读数不超过5微克。

　　Christi Chester Schroeder oversees air quality science for IQair. She said South Asia's geography influences its air quality. She warned about the future.

　　克里斯蒂·彻斯特·施罗德负责IQair的空气质量科学。她说，南亚的地理位置影响其空气质量。她对未来提出了警告。

　　"Because of the climate conditions and the geography...the pollution has nowhere to go," she said.

　　她说：“由于气候条件和地理位置,污染无处可去。”

　　She added that because of "agricultural practices, industry and population density...it really does look like it is going to get worse before it gets better."

　　她补充道，由于“农业活动、工业和人口密度，情况看起来确实会在好转之前变得更糟。”

　　India's level was 54.4, Tajikistan in Central Asia was 49.0 and Burkina Faso in West Africa was the fifth-most polluted nation at 46.6.

　　印度的PM2.5水平为54.4，中亚的塔吉克斯坦为49.0，西非的布基纳法索为46.6，是污染第五严重的国家。

　　The only countries that met the WHO pollution recommendations were Australia, Estonia, Finland, Grenada, Iceland, Mauritius and New Zealand.

　　符合世界卫生组织污染建议的国家只有澳大利亚、爱沙尼亚、芬兰、格林纳达、冰岛、毛里求斯和新西兰。

　　Of the 134 countries and regions measured, 124 had higher levels than called for in the WHO pollution guidelines.

　　在测量的134个国家和地区中，有124个国家和区域的污染水平高于世界卫生组织污染指导标准的要求。

　　Both Bangladesh and India's air quality decreased in 2023. In 2022, India was eighth and Bangladesh was fifth.

　　2023年，孟加拉国和印度的空气质量都有所下降。2022年，印度排名第八，孟加拉国排名第五。

　　Firoz Khan is an air pollution expert at North South University in Dhaka, Bangladesh. He said 20 percent of the early deaths in the country are caused by air pollution. He said spending on pollution-related healthcare was equal to four to five percent of the nation's economy.

　　菲罗兹·汗是孟加拉国达卡市南北大学的空气污染专家。他说，该国20%的早期死亡是由空气污染引起的。他说，与污染相关的医疗保健支出相当于全国经济的4%到5%。

　　In India, New Delhi's measurement of 92.7 micrograms made it the most-polluted capital city.

　　在印度，新德里的测量值为92.7微克，是污染最严重的首都。

　　Three countries that were on the list in 2022 were removed in 2023 because of problems collecting information. They were Chad, Iran and Sudan. Chad was the world's most polluted country last year.

　　2022年上榜的三个国家在2023年因信息收集问题被删除。他们是乍得、伊朗和苏丹。乍得去年是世界上污染最严重的国家。

　　IQAir provides its report each year. But many countries do not have public air quality measurement systems. Christa Hasenkopf is the director of the Air Quality Life Index at the University of Chicago. She said that is a big problem, "considering the large potential benefits and relatively low cost."

　　IQAir每年都会提供报告。但许多国家没有公共空气质量测量系统。克里斯塔·哈森科普夫是芝加哥大学空气质量生命指数的主任。她说，“考虑到巨大的潜在效益和相对较低的成本，这是一个大问题。”

　　She suggested a global effort to make air quality information more available, "especially in places where the health burden of air pollution has been largest."

　　她建议全球努力提供更多的空气质量信息，“尤其是在空气污染对健康负担最大的地方。”