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86 著名马戏团训兽师格贝尔·威廉姆斯
DATE=8-19-01
TITLE=PEOPLE IN AMERICA # 1835 - Gunther Gebel-Williams
BYLINE=Jerilyn Watson
VOICE ONE:
I'm Shirley Griffith.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Steve Ember. Today, we tell about the famous circus performer, Gunther Gebel-Williams. He was known for his gentle ways of training wild animals.
((INSTEAD OF THEME, CIRCUS MUSIC: "THE GREATEST SHOW ON EARTH"))
VOICE ONE:
The lights of the (1)circus shone brightly on Gunther Gebel-Williams as he stood in the center ring. Big (2)tigers surrounded him. He spoke quietly to the animals. Then he said a few more words to horses that waited in a line nearby.
Thousands of people watched as the wild tigers climbed onto the horses' backs to take a ride. It did not seem like anything that either a tiger or a horse would want to do. But they (3)paraded under the shining lights. Some of the animals even looked pleased with themselves. The crowd under the circus tent in Boston, Massachusetts, shouted its (4)approval.
Mister Gebel-Williams gave the tigers little pieces of meat and offered other food to the horses. "Thank you," he told them.
VOICE TWO:
Many people said the world had lost its greatest animal trainer when Mister Gebel-Williams died. He was sixty-six years old when he died of brain (5)cancer in July of Two-Thousand-One.
Gunther Gebel-Williams and his animals traveled across the United States with the Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus for more than twenty years. He was the most famous circus performer in the nation.
Gunther Gebel-Williams started working with animals as a child in Germany. He became famous as a circus performer and animal trainer in Europe. Mister Williams came to the United States in Nineteen-Sixty-Eight. He became an American (6)citizen in Nineteen-Seventy-Six.
VOICE ONE:
Gunther Gebel-Williams was wounded sometimes by his animals. But he gave about twelve-thousand performances without missing a show for (7)injury or sickness. He retired from performing in Nineteen-Ninety. At the time he was working with about thirty-eight horses, twenty-two tigers and twenty-one (8)elephants. Four (9)zebras, three camels and a (10)llama or two also took part in his performances. After leaving the show he remained with the circus as a trainer, officer and part owner.
Gunther Gebel-Williams never made a (11)secret of how he got animals to do what he wanted. He said he built a special world around them. In this world he was the father. The lions, tigers and other animals were his children. His methods changed the way Americans train and treat performing animals.
((TAPE CUT ONE: CIRCUS NOISE: LIONS ROARING, ELEPHANTS TRUMPETING ))
VOICE TWO:
The future circus star had a difficult childhood. Gunther Gebel was born in the eastern German village of Schweidnitz on September Twelfth, Nineteen-Thirty-Four. Gunther's father was a (12)carpenter who built things out of wood. Later he became a (13)technical director for a (14)theater company.
The father's Socialist beliefs got him into trouble with Germany's Nazi government during the war. The Army sent him to Russia. He and thousands of other German (15)soldiers who were (16)captured there were never heard from again.
VOICE ONE:
During the final months of the war, Gunther, his mother and sister fled from their home in eastern Germany west to Cologne. Germany had lost the war, and the (17)victorious Russians were moving in to take control.
After the fighting ended Missus Gebel found work with Circus Williams. A well known horse trainer, Harry Williams, owned it. Missus Gebel made and repaired clothes for this circus. She also got Gunther a job at the circus. He was about twelve or thirteen years old at the time. The boy had been in school for only a few years.
After a short time Missus Gebel left the circus. She left Gunther there. Gunther said later that he felt his mother gave him away. Harry Williams, however, was very glad to have the boy working for him. He immediately recognized that Gunther had unusual natural ability with animals.
VOICE TWO:
Mister Williams began helping Gunther develop an act in which the boy did (18)tricks while riding horses. Before long Gunther was getting all kinds of animals to do what he wanted. He especially loved the tigers. He (19)praised their beauty, wildness and (20)intelligence.
In Nineteen-Fifty-One, Harry Williams died after an (21)accident in the circus. Harry's wife asked Gunther to help her operate the circus. She also (22)urged him to become a star performer. Gunther was seventeen years old at the time.
He began his new responsibilities by adding the Williams family name to his own name. Gunther Gebel became Gunther Gebel-Williams. He wanted to (23)demonstrate that Harry Williams and his circus had been a family to him. In Nineteen-Sixty, Mister Gebel-Williams married one of the Williams (24)daughters.
((MUSIC BRIDGE: CIRCUS MUSIC))
VOICE ONE:
Gunther Gebel-Williams and his big tigers, elephants and other animals became famous all over Europe. He won three major (25)awards for his performances. In Nineteen-Sixty-Eight, an owner of the Ringling Brothers and Barnum and Bailey Circus in the United States bought Circus Williams. The owner, Irvin Feld, did this mainly to get Gunther Gebel-Williams as a performer.
Mister Gebel-Williams was an (26)immediate success in the United States as he travelled with the circus. His (27)leopards jumped through circles held by tigers in their teeth. His elephants walked calmly and carefully down busy streets. People in cities across the country praised his (28)bravery in his acts with the animals. His performances were different from anything that had been seen in circuses before.
VOICE TWO:
For many years Clyde Beatty had been the most famous animal trainer in the United States. Mister Beatty was an American circus performer known for his "fighting act." In this act he controlled forty (29)lions and tigers. Mister Beatty also performed with dangerous mixes of tigers, lions, leopards, (30)pumas, (31)hyenas and bears. His act demonstrated how (32)fierce the animals really were. He used chairs and (33)whips to get the animals to obey his commands. Sometimes he even used guns.
Mister Gebel-Williams had high praise for Clyde Beatty's bravery and skill. But Mister Gebel-Williams made his own animals perform by being friendly to them. He said he wanted to work with happy animals. He did not believe in making them fear him.
VOICE ONE:
Training by Gunther Gebel-Williams began and ended with kindness. He never had an animal operated on to make it safer for him. All his big cats kept their hard, sharp (34)claws on their feet. He spoke to animals in the same soft voice each time he worked with them. When they performed well he gave them special foods. When they failed to obey he expressed mild displeasure. He never used chairs or whips or guns.
One of the most unusual things about Mister Gebel-Williams was the way he got animals to perform well together. For example, elephants and horses naturally fear tigers. He would take as long as two years to get the elephants and horses to let tigers ride on them. (35)Traditional enemies like leopards and (36)zebras also performed together in his acts.
VOICE TWO:
Mister Gebel-Williams especially liked working with a (37)panther named Kenny. This big cat weighed more than thirty-four (38)kilograms. Kenny enjoyed sitting on the neck and shoulders of his trainer. People liked to say the animal was probably thinking great thoughts as he rested on Mister Gebel-Williams.
But Gunther Gebel-Williams never forgot the danger involved in his work. He could not have forgotten it if he wanted to. (39)From time to time an animal would become wild for no (40)apparent reason. Mister Gebel-Williams' face was covered with old healed wounds that sometimes made it difficult for him to talk.
VOICE ONE:
Even when animals attacked, Gunther Gebel Williams did not become angry. After Kenny died, Mister Gebel-Williams was performing one day with a panther named Zorro. Zorro weighed two times as much as Kenny. Suddenly Zorro started making a threatening noise. Then he bit his trainer deeply in the neck. But Mister Gebel-Williams would not go to the hospital until he calmed the animal and got it back in its cage.
((BRIDGE MUSIC))
VOICE TWO:
The (41)marriage of Mister Gebel-Williams and his first wife ended. His second wife, Sigrid Neubauer, became a circus performer. They had been married thirty-three years when Mister Gebel-Williams died. They raised a daughter and a son. The son, Mark Oliver, now serves as a star trainer of tigers with a Ringling circus company.
Friends say Mister Gebel-Williams was a loving husband and father. Yet they add that his deepest relationships probably were with his animals. He called animals (42)dependable and honest although he sometimes (42)suffered from their attacks. Gunther Gebel-Williams once said he liked animals more than most human beings.
((THEME))
VOICE ONE:
This Special English program was written by Jerilyn Watson and produced by Caty Weaver. Our studio engineer was Keith Holmes. I'm Shirley Griffith.
VOICE TWO:
And I'm Steve Ember. Join us again next week for another PEOPLE IN AMERICA program on the Voice of America.
(1) circus [‘s:k[s]n. 马戏团, 杂技团, 马戏场, 杂技场
(2) tiger [‘taig[] n. [动]老虎, 虎, 凶暴的人
(3) parade [p['reid] n. 游行, 炫耀, 阅兵, 检阅, 阅兵场; v. 游行,
(4) approval [['prU:vl] n. 赞成, 承认, 正式批准
(5) cancer [‘kAns[] n. 癌, 毒瘤
(6) citizen [‘sitizn] n. 市民, 公民
(7) injury [‘indV[ri] n. 伤害, 侮辱
(8) elephant [‘elif[nt] n. 象, 一种纸张的尺寸
(9) zebra [‘zi:br[] n. 斑马
(10) llama [‘la:m[] n. 骆驼
(11) secret [‘si:krit] n. 秘密, 秘诀, 奥秘; adj. 秘密的, 隐秘的,
(12) carpenter [‘ka:pint[] n. 木匠
(13) technical [‘teknikl] adj. 技术的, 技术上的, 技巧方面的
(14) theater [‘Wi[t[] n. 剧场, 戏院, 电影院, 阶梯教室, 手术教室,
(15) soldier [‘s[JldV[] n. 士兵, 军人
(16) capture [‘kAptF[] n. 捕获, 战利品; vt. 俘获, 捕获, 夺取
(17) victorious [vik'tRri[s] adj. 获胜的, 胜利的
(18) trick [trik] n. 诡计, 骗局, 恶作剧, 窍门, 诀窍; vt. 欺骗, 哄骗
(19) praise [preis] vt. 赞扬, 歌颂, 称赞; n. 赞扬, 赞美的话, 赞美,
(20) intelligence [in'telidV[ns] n. 智力, 聪明, 智能
(21) accident [‘Aksid[nt] n. 意外事件, 事故
(22) urge [:dV] vt. 催促, 力劝; n. 强烈欲望, 迫切要求; v. 促进
(23) demonstrate [‘dem[nsreit] vt. 示范, 证明, 论证
(24) daughter [‘dR:t[] n. 女儿
(25) award [['wR:d] n. 奖, 奖品; vt. 授予, 判给
(26) immediate [i'mi:di[t] adj. 直接的, 紧接的, 紧靠的, 立即的, 知觉的
(27) leopard [‘lep[d] n. 豹, 美洲豹.美洲虎
(28) bravery [breiv[ri] n. 勇敢
(29) lion [‘lai[n] n. 狮子, (剽悍的人)社交场合的名流
(30) puma [pju'm[] n. 美洲狮, 美洲狮的毛皮
(31) hyena [hai'i:n[] n. [动]土狼, 鬣狗
(32) fierce [‘fi[s] adj. 凶猛的, 猛烈的, 热烈的, 暴躁的<美>极讨厌的,
(33) whip [wip] n. 鞭子, 车夫; v. 鞭打, 抽打, 突然移动
(34) claw [klR:] n. 爪, 脚爪; v. 抓
(35) traditional [tr['diF([)nl] adj. 传统的, 惯例的, 口传的, 传说的
(36) zebra [‘zi:br[] n. 斑马
(37) panther [‘pAnW[] n. 豹, 黑豹
(38) kilogram [‘kil[grAm] n. [物]千克, 公斤
(39) from time to time adv. 有时
(40) apparent [['pAr[nt] adj. 显然的, 外观上的
(41) marriage [‘mAridV] n. 结婚, 婚姻, 婚姻生活, 密切结合, 合并
(42) dependable [di'pend[bl] adj. 可靠的
(43) suffer [‘sQfE] vt. 遭受, 经历, 忍受; vi. 受痛苦, 受损害
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