[00:02.60]第19单元 自由战士
[00:05.20]Lesson 73 1 Dialogue
[00:08.53]第73课 1.对话
[00:11.86]The year is 1963 in the USA.Two men are talking in prison.
[00:15.88]美国.1963年.两个男人在狱中交谈.
[00:19.91]A:Why are you in here?
[00:21.49]A:你怎么进来的?
[00:23.07]B:I was on the march.
[00:24.69]B:我参加了游行.
[00:26.31]A:What march?
[00:27.62]A:什么游行?
[00:28.94]B:Haven't you heard?
[00:30.38]B:你难道没有听说过吗?
[00:31.82]There was a big civil rights march
[00:35.76]through the centre of Birmingham yesterday.
[00:38.05]昨天在伯明翰中心区举行了一场大规模民权示威游行.
[00:40.33]A:Why was that?
[00:41.76]A:为什么呢?
[00:43.18]B:I imagine you're not very interested in politics.
[00:45.70]B:我想你对政治应该没有太多的兴趣.
[00:48.22]A:I'm a stranger here.I'm from the west coast.Tell me more.
[00:51.46]A:我是一个陌生人.我从西海岸来.多告诉我一些.
[00:54.70]B:It's like this.We black people of Birmingham want equal rights.
[00:58.23]B:是这样的.伯明翰的黑人想要平等的权利.
[01:01.75]We want the same rights as the white people in the city.
[01:04.29]我们想要象白人一样享有同等权利.
[01:06.82]For years we've been demanding better housing and jobs.
[01:09.60]很多年以来我们就要求好点的住房和工作.
[01:12.39]A:So you're telling me that the situation here is bad for black people.
[01:15.51]A:那么,你是说这里的情况对黑人很糟糕了.
[01:18.63]B:That's right. We're not treated as equal citizens.
[01:21.31]B:是的.我们并没有作为平等的公民而对待.
[01:23.98]We can't go to the public parks or swimming pools.It's forbidden.
[01:27.52]我们不能去公共的公园或游泳池.因为这些是禁止的.
[01:31.06]A:What happened on the march then?
[01:32.43]A:然后在游行发生了些什么?
[01:33.81]B:I joined in the march
[01:35.43]B:我参加了游行.
[01:37.04]and we were marching peacefully along and then the police came up.
[01:39.77]我们以和平的形式向前行进,这是警察来了.
[01:42.50]They told us to go home but we went on.
[01:44.78]他们叫我们回家,可是我们继续前进.
[01:47.05]They said that the march had been forbidden,but that wasn't true.
[01:49.94]他们说游行是被禁止的,但那不是真的.
[01:52.82]They hit us with their sticks over and over again and put some of us in prison.
[01:56.69]他们用棍棒一次又一次地打我们,并把我们中的一些人关进了监狱.
[02:00.56]A:I imagine that hurt a lot.
[02:02.44]A:我想那样打很痛.
[02:04.32]B:Yes,my whole boby hurts.
[02:06.54]B:是的,我全身都痛.
[02:08.76] Lesson 74
[02:17.12]1 Reading comprehension
[02:21.87]Read the passage and find the answer to this question:
[02:24.54]读文章回答问题。
[02:27.20]Which group of people did King support,
[02:31.56]and how much success did he have?
[02:33.84]金支持哪一组人们？他成功了多少次？
[02:36.11]MARTIN LUTHER KING,JR.(1)
[02:41.07]Martin Luther King,Jr.,who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964,
[02:45.04]马丁.路得.金1964年曾获得诺贝尔和平奖.
[02:49.01]was an important political leader in the USA.
[02:51.83]是美国一位重要的政治领袖,
[02:54.65]He fought for political rights for black people in the USA.
[02:57.83]他为美国黑人的政治权利而斗争.
[03:01.00]By doing this he set an example to the rest of the world.
[03:04.39]通过这样做,为世界其它地区树立了榜样
[03:07.77]The message he gave was that black people should not be separated
[03:11.29]他给人们的启示是黑人不应该被隔离.
[03:14.82]but should be treated as well as other people,and with complete respect.
[03:18.56]而应该受到象对待其他人一样的待遇,而且应该受到完全的尊重.
[03:22.29]King was born in 1929 in Atlanta,Georgia,in the southeast of the US,
[03:27.16]1929年,金出生于美国东南部的佐治亚洲的亚特兰大市.
[03:32.04]the son of a minister in the church.
[03:34.31]他是一位基督教牧师的儿子.
[03:36.58]As a boy,he enjoyed basketball,tennis and especially football.
[03:40.36]小时候,他很喜欢打篮球和网球,特别喜欢踢足球.
[03:44.13]He spent a lot of time talking and reading
[03:46.65]他把大量的时间花在谈话和读书.
[03:49.17]and delivered a paper round to earn some money.
[03:51.65]为了赚点钱,他还送报子.
[03:54.14]He liked making friends and disliked fighting in any form.
[03:57.40]他喜欢广交朋友,而不喜欢任何形式的打斗.
[04:00.67]At the age of 15
[04:04.43]he won an entrance prize to a college in one of the northern states.
[04:07.90]15岁时,他获得入学成绩优秀奖而进入北方某洲的一所大学学习.
[04:11.38]There black people had equal rights
[04:16.42]and were free to live,study and work as they wished.
[04:19.45]黑人在那里享有平等的权利,可以象他们所希望的那样自由地生活,学习和工作.
[04:22.48]In 1948 he left college to be a minister in the church.
[04:26.21]1948年他大学毕业,成了基督教的牧师.
[04:29.95]At this time in the southern states,blacks were not treated as equal citizens.
[04:33.83]当时在南部各个洲,黑人还没有受到公民的平等的待遇.
[04:37.71]Although slavery had been ended in the US in 1865,
[04:41.23]虽然美国在1865年就已经结束了奴隶制.
[04:44.76]the southern states had passed their own laws
[04:47.24]南部各洲通过了它们自己的法律,
[04:49.72]to continue the separation of blacks and whites.
[04:52.69]以继续把黑人和白人分开
[04:55.65]Mixed race marriages were forbidden by law.
[04:58.33]法律规定不许黑人和白人通婚.
[05:01.01]There were separate sections for blacks
[05:03.23]都有专门为黑人设置的隔离区.
[05:05.45]in shops,restaurants,hospitals,buses and trains.
[05:09.08]在商店,餐厅,医院,公共汽车和火车上.
[05:12.71]Black children were educated in separate schools.
[05:15.44]黑人孩子在单独为黑人开设的学校上学.
[05:18.17]The money spent on educating a black child
[05:20.65]花在黑人儿童身上的教育经费
[05:23.13]was just one fourth of that spent on each white child.
[05:26.36]只及白人儿童的四分之一
[05:29.59]Black people had no right to vote in the southern states.
[05:32.51]在南部各洲的黑人没有选举的权利.
[05:35.44]If they wished to,they had to pass a reading test.
[05:38.52]如果他们想要投票,必须通过阅读测试.
[05:41.60]King continued his studies from 1948-1951 in Philadelphia,
[05:50.75]on the east coast of the USA.
[05:52.81]1948年到1951年间,金在美国东海岸的费城继续深造.
[05:54.87]All his life he believed that it was right and necessary
[05:58.15]他毕生相信那是有必要
[06:01.43]to demand changes in society if people did not have their civil rights.
[06:05.36]要求改变这样的社会,假如人们得不到民权.
[06:09.29]He believed that they could achieve their goal by peaceful revolution,
[06:12.68]他认为,通过和平革命到到社会变革的目的,
[06:16.06]not by fighting and killing.
[06:18.08]而不通过战争和杀戮.
[06:20.11]In his lifetime,
[06:21.79]在他的一生中,
[06:23.48]he forced the government to liberate the blacks in the USA
[06:29.54]and give them equal rights
[06:31.76]他迫使政府解放美国黑人并给他们平等权利.
[06:33.98]In 1964 King received the Nobel Prize for Peace.
[06:37.86]1964年,金获得了诺贝尔和平奖.
[06:41.74]He give the whole of $54,600 prize to the freedom movement.
[06:46.36]他把全部奖金54600美元献给了和平运动.
[06:50.98]In 1964 a new Civil Rights Act was passed.
[06:54.47]1964年通过了新的民权法案.
[06:57.96]Any organization that received money from the US government
[07:00.99]美国政府资助的组织
[07:04.02]had to treat blacks equally.
[07:06.29]必须平等的对待黑人.
[07:08.56]In 1965 a new Voting Rights Bill became law.
[07:12.00]1965年一项新的选举权法案变成了法律.
[07:15.44]From then on,all black people had the right to vote.
[07:18.47]从那以后,所有黑人都享有了选举权.
[07:21.50]King had made many enemies because of his work
[07:26.54]in the black liberation movement.
[07:28.08]因为金在黑人解放运动中工作,所以他树敌很多.
[07:29.62]Once,a bomb exploded and destroyed his house.
[07:32.40]有一次,一枚炸弹爆炸,毁了他的房子.
[07:35.18]On April 4th,1968,he was murdered.
[07:38.31]1968年4月4日,他被人暗杀身亡.
[07:41.43]However,his struggle had already changed the whole of society in the USA.
[07:45.25]然而,他的斗争已经改变了美国的整个社会.
[07:49.08]Within a few years of his death,
[07:51.26]在他去世后几年的时间里
[07:53.44]black people across the country held important jobs in government.
[07:56.83]全国的黑人就在政府部门担任了重要职务.
[08:00.21]Many blacks work as managers,lawyers, teachers,bankers,
[08:04.04]很多黑人当了经理,律师教师,银行家,
[08:07.86]broadcasters and newspaper editors.
[08:10.38]广播员和报纸编辑.
[08:12.90]Lesson 75 1 Reading comprehension
[08:26.07]MARTIN LUTHER KING,JR.(2)
[08:30.93]On December 1,1955, a black woman,Rosa Parks,
[08:34.65]1955年12月1日,一位叫罗莎.帕克丝的黑人妇女
[08:38.37]got on a bus in Alabama and sat down in the "Whites-only" section.
[08:41.86]在阿拉巴马乘公共汽车时坐到"专供白人"坐的区域里.
[08:45.35]She refused to move and was taken away by the police.
[08:48.03]她拒绝挪动座位,而被警察带走.
[08:50.70]A group was formed to demand that the
[08:54.86]bus company should change its unfair practices
[08:57.43]于是成立了一个组织,要求公共汽车公司改变这不公平的做法.
[09:00.00]and King was made president.
[09:01.78]金被推荐为这个组织的领头人.
[09:03.56]Four thousand papers were sent round the town,
[09:05.99]在市内散发了四千份传单
[09:08.41]which said,"When you go to work,take a taxi or share a ride,or walk.
[09:12.49]"传单上说:"如果你去工作请乘出租车去,或搭别人的车去，或步行去.
[09:16.56]"For a whole year,black people refused to take the city buses
[09:19.39]在整整一年里,黑人拒绝搭乘市内公共汽车.
[09:22.21]King called for black people not to give in but to continue the struggle.
[09:25.29]金号召黑人不要让步,继续斗争.
[09:28.37]His own house was destroyed and for some time his life was in danger.
[09:31.86]他自己的房子被人毁坏了有段时间他的生命也受到了威胁.
[09:35.35]In the end government lawyers in the capital
[09:37.92]最后该洲首府的政府律师
[09:40.49]said that the bus company did not have the right
[09:42.92]说,公共汽车公司无权在车上把黑人和白人分开.
[09:45.35]to separate blacks from whites on its buses.
[09:47.94]车上把黑人和白人分开.
[09:50.52]In 1963 King met President Kennedy
[09:53.35]1963年,金见到了肯尼迪总统,
[09:56.17]and asked for new civil rights laws to give blacks equal rights.
[09:59.29]要求通过新的民权法,给黑人以平等的权利.
[10:02.41]King then led a new revolution in Birmingham,Alabama.
[10:05.35]然后金在阿拉巴马洲的伯明翰领导了一场新的革命.
[10:08.29]The housing condition for blacks in Birmingham was bad
[10:11.07]伯明翰黑人的住房情况很糟糕,
[10:13.85]and there were few jobs for blacks.
[10:16.19]黑人参加工作的机会很少
[10:18.53]Only 25% of them could vote.
[10:20.80]而且仅有25%的黑人有选举权,
[10:23.07]King was put in prison saying,"We have waited 340 years for our rights!"
[10:27.16]金被关进了监狱,他说:"我们已经为我们的权利等待了340年!
[10:31.25]"The struggle continued and after a week the prisons were full.
[10:34.23]斗争在继续,一周后所有的监狱都关满了人.
[10:37.20]One day the police even used their sticks during a peaceful march by blacks,
[10:40.84]有一天,黑人在进行和平进军的时候,警察使用了警棍.
[10:44.47]and this was seen across the whole country on TV.
[10:46.99]这个情景全国的电视上都看到了.
[10:49.51]The blacks' revolution won a nationwide support.
[10:51.99]黑人的革命赢得了全国的支持.
[10:54.47]In the end public places were opened to blacks
[10:57.01]最后公共场所都对黑人开放了
[10:59.54]and all the black marchers who had been put in prison were set free.
[11:02.50]所有被关押的参加游行的黑人也全部获释.
[11:05.47]On August 28,1963 King made a speech to thousands of black people
[11:09.94]1963年8月28日,金向成千上万的黑人发表了一篇演说,
[11:14.40]that immediately became world-famous.
[11:16.44]这篇演说立即举世闻名.
[11:18.48]He spoke without notes and told the crowd of listeners how he saw the future.
[11:21.90]没有讲稿,他把自己对前途的看法告诉了听众.
[11:25.32]He used the phrase "I have a dream" many times.
[11:28.25]他多次重复地用一句话__"我有一个梦想".
[11:31.17]He said,"I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia
[11:34.96]他说:"我有一个梦想有一天,在左治亚的红山上,
[11:38.75]the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave-owners
[11:41.83]昔日的奴隶的儿子和奴隶主的儿子,
[11:44.91]will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood...
[11:47.89]将能一起围坐在充满兄弟情谊的桌子旁....
[11:50.87]I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation
[11:54.50]我梦想有一天,我的四个孩子生活在一个国度.
[11:58.13]where they will not be judged by the color of their skin
[12:00.71]将在一个不是以他们的肤色,
[12:03.28]but by the content of their character.
[12:05.46]"而是以他们的品格优劣来评价他们
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