[00:02.30]事实与幻想
[00:04.60]READING JULES VERNE:THE FATHER OF SCIENCE FICTION
[00:07.72]阅读 儒勒-凡尔纳---科学幻想之父
[00:10.84]Jules Verne was born in 1828,in France.
[00:13.62]儒勒.凡尔纳于1828年生于法国。
[00:16.40]His father sent him to Paris to study law,
[00:18.68]他的父亲送他到巴黎学习法律，
[00:20.95]but instead Verne developed his love for the theatre.
[00:23.63]然而他却爱上了戏剧。
[00:26.31]To make a living,Verne had to write and sell stories.
[00:28.93]为了谋生，他不得不撰写并销售他的故事书。
[00:31.56]He spent many hours in Paris libraries studying botany,
[00:34.48]凡尔纳在巴黎的图书馆时里花了大量的时间学习地质、
[00:37.41]applied science and many other subject.
[00:39.89]物理以及其它科学。
[00:42.37]He used the lastest ideas and technical inventions of his day in his books.
[00:45.81]在他的书中他用了他所处年代最新的思想和发明。
[00:49.24]Many of the instruments in his novels
[00:51.37]书中的许多仪器
[00:53.50]will remind the reader of Dr Benjamin Franklin's experiments with electricity.
[00:56.92]可使读者想到本杰明.富兰克林博士电的实验。
[01:00.34]By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further,
[01:03.37]通过推动当时的科学发展更进一步，
[01:06.40]Jules Verne laid the foundation of modern science fiction.
[01:09.22]他为现代科幻小说奠定了基础。
[01:12.05]He also suggested how inventions could be used in the future
[01:15.06]他还设想如何将发明用于未来
[01:18.08]to allow man to do things that were considered impossible in his own time.
[01:21.61]从而使人类可以做在他所处年代认为不可能的事情。
[01:25.13]Jules Verne died in 1905,long before any of his dreams came true.
[01:28.82]儒勒.凡尔纳逝世于1905年，久于他的任何一个梦想成真的时间。
[01:32.50]At the beginning of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea,
[01:37.83]one of Verne's most famous novels,
[01:39.96]在他最著名的小说之一《海底两万里》的开头部分，
[01:42.09]ships are disappearing all over the world
[01:46.55]and it is believed to be caused by a sea monster.
[01:49.13]全世界轮船都消失不见而且据说是由海怪所为。
[01:51.70]Dr Aronnax,his servant and a Canadian whale hunter set out to find the monster.
[01:55.58]他的雇员埃瑞纳克斯博士和一位加拿大捕鲸者出发去寻找怪物。
[01:59.46]After months of searching they find it and in the collision that follows,
[02:02.58]在随后与怪物的较量中，
[02:05.70]the three companions are thrown overboard.
[02:07.78]他们三人被撞到海里。
[02:09.85]In their efforts to survive,
[02:11.63]在求生存的努办中，
[02:13.41]they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself,
[02:15.89]，他们发现了自已在怪物的背上，
[02:18.37]which turns out to be a submarine.
[02:20.41]“怪物”原来是一艘潜水艇。
[02:22.45]They are taken on board and Captain Nemo decides not to kill them but make
[02:25.78]他们被带进潜水艇，尼莫船长没有杀害他们，
[02:29.11]them his permanent guests.
[02:30.88]而是把他们当作永久的朋友。
[02:32.66]From that day on they start planning their escape.
[02:34.98]从那天起，他们便计划逃离潜水艇。
[02:37.31]Captain Nemo takes Dr Aronnax and his friends on a voyage across the oceans.
[02:40.57]尼莫船长带着他们作穿越大洋的航行。
[02:43.84]His submarine,the Nautilus,is an extraordinary ship.
[02:46.94]诺特拉斯是一艘非同一般的潜艇。
[02:50.03]The furniture i precious and huge glass windows that can be opened
[02:52.90]它的装饰珍贵，
[02:55.78]and closed give a view of the underwater world.
[02:58.46]可以开关的玻璃窗使人饱览海底世界。
[03:01.13]The ship is also very strong and protected with thick iron plates.
[03:04.22]该潜艇也很结实，它受到很厚铁板的保护。
[03:07.30]Electricity is used for light,heating,power and to defend the ship against attacks.
[03:11.43]电被用来照明、取暖以及获得能量，并用来保护潜艇以免受到攻击。
[03:15.55]All that is needed for life on board comes from the ocean.
[03:18.07]艇上的一切均来自大洋。
[03:20.59]The food aboard the Nautilus is all seafood.
[03:25.77]Dressed in diving suits,Captain Nemo and his guests around in this magic world,
[03:29.49]穿着潜水服，在艇上灯光的照明下，
[03:33.21]lighted by the lamps of the ship
[03:35.13]他们在这个神奇的世界漫步。
[03:37.05]They find themselves surrounded by colourful rocks,fishes,seashells and plants,
[03:40.92]他们发现自已被五彩斑谰的岩石、鱼、贝壳和植物环绕，
[03:44.78]all waving and moving slowly in the blue waters.
[03:47.21]它们都在这蓝色的海水中摇摆和慢慢地移动。
[03:49.64]Readers have wondered about the character of Captain Nemo
[03:52.12]自从《海底两万里》一书出版以来，
[03:54.61]ever since the book was published.
[03:56.53]读者一直想了解尼莫船长其人，
[03:58.45]You could say he is someone you will neither like nor dislike.
[04:01.02]你可能会说他是一个你既不喜欢又喜欢的人物，
[04:03.59]You might think that he is a cruel man because he keeps Aronnax
[04:06.53]你可能会说他是一个残忍的人，
[04:09.47]and the others as prisoners and destroys ships.
[04:11.95]因为他把埃瑞纳克斯和其他人看作囚犯，
[04:14.43]But at other moments you will find him gentle and weak,
[04:17.07]并毁了船只，
[04:19.71]as when he cries about the lost lives of people drowned in ships that have sunk.
[04:22.95]但当他为因船下沉溺而死的人哭泣时，你会觉得他很温柔和柔弱。
[04:26.19]Another wonderful story is that of Journey to the Centre of the Earth.
[04:29.45]凡尔纳写的另外一部小说叫做？《地心之旅》，
[04:32.72]The story begins with the discovery of an ancient document in an old book.
[04:36.14]这部小说以一本早书中的一份古代的文件为开场白，
[04:39.56]The document explains how to find a secret road to the centre of the earth.
[04:45.91]Two men decide to go on this adventure and travel to Iceland,
[04:48.94]两个人决定做这次危险的旅行，
[04:51.97]where they enter the earth through a chimney in a dead volcano.
[04:54.54]他们来到冰岛，在那儿通过一座熄灭火山的烟囱进入地球，
[04:57.12]Their guide leads them through a narrow passage deep into the earth.
[04:59.76]他们的导游带领他们通过一条狭窄的通道朝地心进发，
[05:02.39]Passing through layers of coal and marble they go deeper and deeper.
[05:05.42]穿过煤和大理石层后，他们越来越靠近地心，
[05:08.45]They drink the water from a boiling underground river
[05:10.82]他们喝地下河流的沸水，
[05:13.18]and after many days they reach a huge lake or underground ocean.
[05:16.00]又过了许多天，他们到达了一个地下湖或叫地下海洋。
[05:18.82]Walking along its shores they go through forests of mushrooms
[05:21.70]他们沿着岸边走的时候，他们穿过了磨茹和植物，
[05:24.57]and plants that lived on the earth millions of years ago.
[05:27.30]它们是数万年前地球上生长的植物，
[05:30.03]They build a raft to cross the sea and are attacked by ancient sea creatures.
[05:33.27]他们建了一个木筏来穿越海洋，但遭到了古超老的海洋动物的攻击，
[05:36.51]In the end,their raft is drawn into a fast stream and with ever increasing speed
[05:40.34]最后 他们的木筏流进了一条湍急的溪流，由于速度快、温度高，
[05:44.16]they are shot out of a volcano in southern Italy.
[05:46.68]他们被急流冲出了位于意大利南部的一座火山。
[05:49.20]INTEGRATING SKILLS
[05:52.39]综合技巧
[05:55.58]Reading THE STORY OF DR FRANKENSTEIN
[05:58.45]弗兰肯斯坦的故事
[06:01.33]No human being could have passed a happier children than myself.
[06:04.56]世界上没有人比我更愉快地度过童年，
[06:07.80]Instead of children's play and adventure,I was driven by a desire to learn.
[06:11.68]我没有玩过孩子们的游戏，也不有孩子们的冒险经历，
[06:15.56]I was not interested in the structure of languages or law.
[06:18.49]受欲望的驱使，我学到了许多东西，我对语言结构或者法律不感兴趣。
[06:21.41]I wanted to learn secrets of heaven and earth.
[06:24.29]我想研究天堂与地狱之迷，
[06:27.16]My father was not scientific,so I had to look for a road without having a map.
[06:31.24]我的父亲不懂科学，因此，我必须在没有指导的情况下找到一条探索之路，
[06:35.31]I entered the search for wisdom and dreamt of finding a way to cure any disease.
[06:38.99]于是我开始了寻找智慧的研究，幻想着找到一条治愈疾病之路。
[06:42.68]I read all the books I could find that threw light upon these matters.
[06:46.06]我读了我能找到全部书籍，希望它们能使我的研究更清楚了、明了。
[06:49.44]I studied maths and physics and the works of many brilliant scientists.
[06:53.13]我学习了数学、物理以及许多博学多才作家的作品
[06:56.81]At the age of seventeen,my parents sent me to university.
[06:59.89]在我17岁的时候，我的父母送我去上了大学，
[07:02.97]However,I found all that was taught at university very disappointing
[07:06.76]但我觉得在大学里所学的东西令人很失望，
[07:10.55]and decided that I would pioneer a new way,
[07:13.18]于是我决定走一条探索未知力量的道路，
[07:15.80]explore unknown powers,and unfold to the world the deepest mysteries of nature.
[07:19.63]解开最令人费解的自然之迷。
[07:23.45]One of the phenomena that attracted my attention
[07:25.94]最能吸引我注意的现象之一
[07:28.42]was the structure of the human body and any animal that was alive.
[07:31.75]就是人类以及其它任何活着动物是怎样构成的，
[07:35.08]I often asked myself where the principle of life came from.
[07:38.41]我经常问自已这样一个问题：生命的要素来自哪里？
[07:41.74]After days and nights of incredible labour,
[07:44.46]在日日夜夜令人置信的劳动之后，
[07:47.17]I discovered the cause of life and how to create life from dead matter.
[07:50.86]我终于发现生命的起源以及学会了怎么利用死的物质创造生命。
[07:54.54]When I found this amazing power placed within my hands,
[07:57.57]当我发现我已经拥有这种神奇的力量时，
[08:00.60]I hesitated a long time thinking how I should use it.
[08:03.93]我又针对如何使用它的问题犹豫了好长一段时间
[08:07.26]Although I knew how to create life,
[08:09.64]尽管我已知道怎样创造生命，
[08:12.02]how to prepare a body for it with all its muscles and organs
[08:18.47]still remained a difficult job.
[08:20.70]然而如何利用它有肌肉和器官来准备一个躯体仍然一件很难的事情。
[08:22.94]I doubted at first whether I should try to create a being like myself,
[08:26.36]开始的时候，我拿不准是否应该创造一个像我一样的人
[08:29.78]or one of simpler organisation.
[08:32.00]还是一个简单的有机体，
[08:34.22]But soon I dreamt of nothing else
[08:36.45]，但不久我就梦想着
[08:38.69]but the creation of a creature as complete and wonderful as man.
[08:41.81]创造一个跟人类一样完整而又奇巧的动物。
[08:44.93]It was with these feelings that I began the creation of a human being.
[08:48.10]是这些感情的驱使我开始了创造人类的工作，
[08:51.28]As the small size of the parts slowed down my speed,
[08:54.10]由于小的“部件”会放慢我工作的速度，
[08:56.92]I decided to make the being much larger than man,about eight feet in height.
[09:00.80]于是我决定创造比人类大得多的“人类”：大约八英尺高，
[09:04.68]With these ideas,spending some months collecting and arranging materials,I began.
[09:08.65]带着这样的想法，在开始工作的时候，我花了数月的时间来收集和整理材料。
[09:12.62]Who can imagine the horrors of my secret work?
[09:15.19]谁能想象得出我那秘密工作的恐怖呢？
[09:17.77]I collected bones from graves and cut up dead bodies.
[09:20.94]我从坟墓中收集到人的尸体，并切碎死人的尸体，
[09:24.11]Many of my materials came from butcher shops and hospitals.
[09:26.99]还有许多材料来自肉店和医院，
[09:29.86]It was on a night in November that I looked at the result of my work.
[09:33.13]是在十一月的一个晚上，我看到了我努力工作的结果。
[09:36.39]I collected my instruments around me,
[09:38.63]我把工具放在手边，
[09:40.86]with which I would light the flame of life in the dead thing that lay at my feet.
[09:44.24]并利用这些工具把生命的火花注入躺在我的脚边的这个死的东西里。
[09:47.62]It was already one in the morning,and my candle was nearly burnt out,
[09:51.05]时间已是凌晨1点钟，
[09:54.47]when I saw the dull yellow eyes of the creature open.
[09:57.35]突然这个动物迟钝的黄眼睛睁开了。
[10:00.24]I looked at the horrible monster that I had created.
[10:02.87]我看见了自已创造出来的可怕的动物。
[10:05.49]He opened the curtain of the bed,
[10:07.46]他推开了床帘：
[10:09.44]and his eyes,if eyes they may be called,looked at me.
[10:12.62]他的眼睛（如果可以称之为眼睛的话）看着我，
[10:15.81]His hair was black and his teeth as white as snow,but his skin was yellow.
[10:19.98]他的头发是黑色的，他的牙齿是雪白的，但他的皮肤是黄色的，
[10:24.14]When his thin black lips opened,nothing came but some strange sounds.
[10:28.17]当他那既薄又黑的嘴唇张开时，口里发出是一些奇怪的声音，
[10:32.19]While unfinished,he was ugly,but now he was a living horror
[10:36.02]当他还没有被创造出来时，他很丑，
[10:39.84]INTEGRATING SKILLS
[10:49.38]Reading MR CAVOR'S FLYING MACHINE
[10:54.55]When I first met Mr Cavor,he was about to finish building the machine
[11:01.21]in which he planned to travel to the moon.
[11:05.16]As it had neither wings nor an engine,
[11:09.60]I was amazed and asked him how his machine could fly.
[11:15.06]The secret lay in a new naterial which he had developed.
[11:20.10]Applied in his machine,it would cut off the earth's power,
[11:25.87]which science calls gravity,to keep things on the ground.
[11:31.20]If My Cavor's machine would be free from the pull of gravity,
[11:36.76]nothing would keep it from flying off into the sky.
[11:41.31]I still could not understand how it would work,
[11:46.66]so I asked him to explain it to me.
[11:50.82]Cavor said that for many years he had been doing research into materials
[11:57.17]that could block all kinds of energy in the form of waves.
[12:03.02]"Energy,"he said,"such as light or heat,X-rays,electricity or gravity,
[12:11.87]exists in the form of waves that act on bodies at a distance."
[12:18.12]Almost all materials block some form of energy.
[12:23.47]Glass,for example,blocks heat
[12:27.73]but it lets light pass through,so that it is useful as a fire screen.
[12:34.57]Metals,on the other hand,block light,
[12:39.22]but electrical energy and heat pass through them very well.
[12:44.79]So far,it sounded like a class of basic physics,
[12:50.66]and I had no difficulty understanding him.
[12:55.34]"Gravity passes through all know materials,"he said.
[13:00.70]"You can use screens of various sorts to cut off the light or heat,
[13:06.44]or electrical influence of the sun.
[13:10.60]You can screen things with sheets of metal from radioactivity,
[13:16.16]but nothing will cut off the gravity of the earth.
[13:20.73]Yet why there should be nothing is hard to say."
[13:25.17]Cavor did not see why such a material,which he called Cavorite,
[13:31.34]should not exist.He argued that such a material was possible and,
[13:38.10]under certain conditions,could be made.
[13:42.49]He explained it to me as follows.
[13:46.33]"Everybody knows that the air has weight
[13:50.69]and that it presses on everything on the surface of the earth,
[13:55.87]no less than fourteen and a half pounds to the square inch.
[14:01.19]But over a sheet of Cavorite this is not the case,
[14:06.63]because it blocks the gravity from the earth below it.
[14:11.17]The next stip would be to build a machine
[14:16.22]in which to apply that great discovery."
[14:20.68]Cavor was proud to show me the first model.
[14:25.12]"It's like this,"he said."Nothing above a layer of Cavorite weighs anything,
[14:32.49]and everything above it goes up into the air.
[14:36.96]The material itself moves up too and we are going up with it."
[14:43.02]"Like Jules Verne's thing in A Trip to the Moon,"I said,
[14:49.08]but Cavor did not read any fiction.
[14:53.34]"Imagine a ball,"he explained,"
[14:57.59]large enough to hold two people and their luggage.
[15:02.24]It will be made of steel and thick glass,and on the outside,Cavorite.
[15:08.72]As soon as the Cavorite cools down,
[15:12.87]it is no longer affected by gravity,and off you fly."
[15:18.15]"But then what is to prevent the machine from travelling in a straight line
[15:24.00]into space for ever?"I asked.
[15:27.87]"That's a practical problem
[15:31.32]for which I will still need to find a solution,"Cacor said,
[15:36.78]"but don't worry,I already have the beginning of an idea." |