中国为什么不找美国人还钱？

 President Obama held his first summit with Chinese president Hujintao today. The leaders met in Beijing and promised to cooperate on a wide range of global issues, including the economic recovery. China has a huge vested interest in American economy because it holds almost 25% of all foreign-own US debt. We own the Chinese massive amounts of money. So what would happen if they immediately demanded payment and why haven’t they? Robert Crulwich always has a unique way of explaining things and does so in tonight’s “closer”. 

奥巴马总统和胡锦涛主席今天举行首次会晤，两人在北京承诺要在包括经济复苏问题等全球事务中广泛进行合作，中国对美国经济投入了大量的资金，持有美国四分之一的国债，我们欠中国一大笔钱，那么如果中国硬要我们还钱怎么办？为什么他们没这么干？Robert Crulwich擅长阐释复杂的事情，请看今晚的“走进”专题。

These are kids in Shanxi, China, reading out loud, all together. It’s a kind of reading exercise. But what I want you to notice is what this girl is wearing—notice she is in a coat, zipped up. And so is he. And so is she. Many classrooms—look at the hats here---in Chinese public schools are not heated in winter. Yes it would cost money to put in central heating, but the Chinese government has money. Oddly enough, a lot of that money is in America.

这些是中国山西的孩子们，正在一起早读，朗诵课文，我想说的是，看看这个小女孩的衣服：穿着外套，裹得紧紧的。他也是，她也是。看看教室里戴着的这些帽子，你会发现这些公立学校教室原来没有供暖。当然，集中供暖需要花钱，但中国政府有的是钱啊。奇怪的是，那些钱大部分都借给美国了。

When the Chinese ship products to the United States, we Americans buy their goods. And we, of course, pay dollars. So China right now is sitting on a big sack of US money which they invested in America. Well let’s say that this Chinese sack of dollars is $1.4 trillion thick. That is a lot of money. 

中国人把产品运到美国，卖给我们，我们当然是付给他们美元，也就是中国人现在坐在装着美元的袋子上。总共有一万四千亿美元，这些钱可不少。

So some Chinese are asking why not take the profits that China has made in America and sell US stocks and bonds and dollars, and turn them into Chinese money so China can fix some problems they’ve got at home. So, if China is going to change a trillion US dollar into Chinese money, that means China is going to sell $1 trillion and buy a huge amount of Chinese money. And moving that much wealth from one nation to the other will lower the value of the US dollar and raise the value of Chinese money. With the unfortunate effect that then anything made in China becomes more expensive in America. If they take 1.4 trillion out of the United States and put it into China, the value of Chinese currency is going to more than double. If it more than doubles, everything we buy from China will be more than twice the price.

那中国人要问了后，为什么不收回利润把投资美国股市债券的美元，全部换成人民币，然解决自己国内的问题。如果中国要把一万亿美元换成人民币那也就意味着要抛售一万亿美元，再买入大量的人民币。这么多钱在国家间流动，就会使美元贬值。悲剧的是，这样中国商品在美国的价格就会变贵了。如果让1.4万亿从美国流入中国，人民币价格就会翻一倍以上，如果人民币的价格翻倍，中国商品的价格也就会翻倍。

And when the price of dolls and basketballs and everything goes up here and we buy less, what happens to all those people in China who have jobs making things for America. The Chinese government can’t take risk that, so for the moment they can’t take their money out of America. Not yet. Robert Crulwich, ABC news. 

如果玩具娃娃、篮球什么的都涨价了，我们的消费也就少了，那些在中国工厂里给我们生产商品的人去哪找工作呢？中国政府不会冒这个风险，所以现在不会从美国撤资。目前不会。Robert Crulwich, ABC新闻报道。