VOA慢速英语2010年-Health Report - Defeat Malaria, or Jus

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.
Malaria¹ kills about one million people a year and sickens another two hundred fifty million. Most of the deaths are in young children in Africa. Malaria causes twenty percent of childhood deaths in Africa.
People become infected when they are bitten by mosquitoes carrying the malaria parasite².
A new study estimates the possibility of ending malaria in countries that have the deadliest form of the disease. Researchers found that this could be possible in most parts of the world within ten to fifteen years.
What it would require, they say, is reducing the spread of malaria by ninety percent from two thousand seven rates.
An international team created mathematical models and maps of areas where the disease is gone or almost gone. Andrew Tatem, an assistant professor at the University of Florida, led the study. Professor Tatem says a number of things have helped countries successfully fight malaria.
ANDREW TATEM: " ... such as relatively³ low levels of malaria risk to start with, political stability, a good health system and low levels of population movement bringing in infections from elsewhere."A Cambodian man purchases malaria medicine The study says malaria could be eliminated if countries are serious about using proven control measures. These include insecticides and bed nets.
The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation partly financed the research. The study appears in the Lancet medical journal in a series of reports on eliminating malaria.
Other malaria experts writing in the Lancet expressed concern about giving too much attention to eliminating malaria. They say such a goal could take many years, if it is possible at all. The concern is that resources for controlling malaria could be lost if the money is spent instead on trying to defeat it.
Years of efforts to eliminate another disease, polio, have largely succeeded. Now, the World Health Organization says a new vaccine⁴ combination will help in the fight to end polio in countries where it is still found.
That report, based on a study from India, also appears in the Lancet.
There are three kinds of polio virus. Vaccination⁵ campaigns normally use vaccines⁶ designed to protect against all three types.
But cases of the type two virus have not been seen in years. And the new study confirmed that the type two vaccine reduces the effectiveness of the other vaccines when given together.
To avoid that problem, the new combination contains vaccine only for the type one and type three polio viruses.
And that's the VOA Special English Health Report. For more health news, go to voaspecialenglish.com. You can also find captioned⁷ videos of our reports on the VOA Learning English channel on YouTube. I'm Steve Ember.

1 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

2 parasite   

n.寄生虫；寄生菌；食客

参考例句：

• The lazy man was a parasite on his family.那懒汉是家里的寄生虫。
• I don't want to be a parasite.I must earn my own way in life.我不想做寄生虫，我要自己养活自己。

3 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

4 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

5 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

6 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

7 captioned   

a.标题项下的； 标题所说的

参考例句：

• This paper reviews the production, development and nationalization of the captioned materials. 本文就铜系合金引线框架材料的生产、发展和国产化进程作一论述。
• Please advise other considerable hotels for this captioned group. 请推荐其它一些高级的旅馆给这一群打标语的人。