VOA慢速英语2011--Knowing Women's Risk of Heart Disease

Health Report - Knowing Women's Risk of Heart Disease

 

健康报道 - 了解女性心脏病风险

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

Heart disease is the world's leading cause of death. Yet most cases can be prevented.

心脏病是全球最主要的死因之一。然而大多数案例是可以预防的。

Doctors say reducing deaths from heart disease will require not only changes in the way people live. It will also require changes in public policy, and better public knowledge about differences in heart disease between men and women.

医生表示，减少心脏病死亡人数不仅需要改变人们的生活方式，还需要改变公共政策，并提高公众对心脏病男女之间差异的认识。

Two conditions, coronary artery¹ disease and microvascular disease, can both reduce blood flow to the heart. Experts at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston say heart disease in women is more likely to be caused by microvascular disease.

心脏病的两种情况，冠状动脉疾病与微血管病变都会导致流向心脏的血液减少。波士顿市布里格姆及妇女医院（Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston）的专家表示，女性心脏病更可能是由微血管病变引起的。

Finding this condition may require tests other than an angiogram. An angiogram is a kind of X-ray test. Doctors use it to look for a buildup of fatty plaque² material that can block arteries³. Arteries carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to the rest of the body.

需要进行血管造影等检查才能发现微血管病变。血管造影是一种X射线检查。医生通过血管造影寻找堵塞动脉的脂肪块堆积。动脉负责将富含氧气的血液从心脏输送到身体其它部位。

A nurse at the Heart Hospital in London

The World Health Organization says heart disease kills eighteen million women a year. And these are not just older women. Carrie Vincent had a heart attack after giving birth to her first child.

世卫组织表示，每年有1800万名女性因为心脏病去世，其中不仅仅是老年女性。Carrie Vincent在生下第一个孩子后就心脏病病发。

CARRIE VINCENT: "My God, I was thirty-one years old. Thirty-one-year-olds don't have heart attack."

CARRIE VINCENT：“我的天啊，我当时才31岁。31岁时没人会心脏病发作。”

Ms. Vincent is now taking her message to women in their homes through an organization called Sister to Sister.

Vincent女士现在通过一个名为Sister to Sister的组织，向在家的女性传达她的信息。

Irene Pollin started Sister to Sister to educate women about heart disease. Ms. Pollin urges women to learn about their blood pressure, cholesterol⁴ levels and other risk factors for heart disease.

Irene Pollin开设了Sister to Sister组织，向女性普及心脏病知识。Pollin女士督促女性了解自己的血压、胆固醇水平及其它心脏病危险因素。

IRENE POLLIN: "The goal is really prevention, having people understand their risk, that they should really get screened, know their numbers and then do something about it."

IRENE POLLIN：“目的当然是预防，让人们了解自己的风险。她们应该进行筛查，知道自身情况并就此做一些事情。”

Ms. Pollin teamed up with a heart specialist at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. Dr. Joanne Foody works mostly on prevention efforts.

Pollin女士与布里格姆及妇女医院的心脏病专家Joanne Foody合作。Joanne Foody主要从事心脏病预防工作。

JOANNE FOODY: "The good news is we know that ninety percent of heart disease is preventable by reducing risk."

Joanne Foody：“好消息是，我们知道90%的心脏病可以通过减少心脏病发作风险来预防。”

Reducing risk means not smoking. It means controlling or avoiding diabetes⁵. It also means keeping a healthy weight and eating healthy foods. And it means exercising at least thirty minutes on most days and managing or reducing stress.

相关措施包括不吸烟，控制或避免糖尿病，保持健康体重和健康饮食，以及每天锻炼至少30分钟，降低或妥善处理压力。

Dr. Dariush Mozaffarian at the Harvard School of Public Health also has other advice about reducing the risk of heart attacks. He says people should eat more fish, whole grains, vegetables, vegetable oils and nuts, and reduce the amount of salt and trans fats in their diets. Trans fats can increase the risk of heart disease.

哈佛大学公共卫生学院的Dariush Mozaffarian博士对减少心脏病发作风险还有其他建议。他表示，人们应该多吃鱼、粗粮、蔬菜，植物油和坚果，减少食盐和反式脂肪的摄入量。反式脂肪会增加心脏病风险。

Heart disease increasingly affects women in developing countries. Dr. Mozaffarian places a lot of blame on the global epidemic⁶ of obesity⁷.

心脏病越来越影响到发展中国家的女性。Mozaffarian博士将大部分责任归咎于肥胖的全球蔓延。

DARIUSH MOZAFFARIAN: "People are getting chronic⁸ diseases not from eating too much, but eating poorly. And so in fact what they're not eating is actually probably mostly what's harming them."

DARIUSH MOZAFFARIAN：“人们患慢性病不是因为吃得太多，而是吃得不健康。因此实际上他们不能吃的可能主要是会伤害他们身体的食物。”

And that's the VOA Special English Health Report. I'm Jim Tedder⁹.
___

Contributing: Carol Pearson

1 artery   

n.干线，要道；动脉

参考例句：

• We couldn't feel the changes in the blood pressure within the artery.我们无法感觉到动脉血管内血压的变化。
• The aorta is the largest artery in the body.主动脉是人体中的最大动脉。

2 plaque   

n.饰板，匾，(医)血小板

参考例句：

• There is a commemorative plaque to the artist in the village hall.村公所里有一块纪念该艺术家的牌匾。
• Some Latin words were engraved on the plaque. 牌匾上刻着些拉丁文。

3 arteries   

n.动脉( artery的名词复数 )；干线，要道

参考例句：

• Even grafting new blood vessels in place of the diseased coronary arteries has been tried. 甚至移植新血管代替不健康的冠状动脉的方法都已经试过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This is the place where the three main arteries of West London traffic met. 这就是伦敦西部三条主要交通干线的交汇处。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 cholesterol   

n.（U）胆固醇

参考例句：

• There is cholesterol in the cell of body.人体细胞里有胆固醇。
• They are determining the serum-protein and cholesterol levels.他们正在测定血清蛋白和胆固醇的浓度。

5 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

6 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

7 obesity   

n.肥胖，肥大

参考例句：

• One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
• Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

8 chronic   

adj.(疾病)长期未愈的，慢性的；极坏的

参考例句：

• Famine differs from chronic malnutrition.饥荒不同于慢性营养不良。
• Chronic poisoning may lead to death from inanition.慢性中毒也可能由虚弱导致死亡。

9 tedder   

n.（干草）翻晒者，翻晒机

参考例句：

• Jim Tedder has more. 吉姆？特德将给我们做更多的介绍。 来自互联网
• Jim Tedder tells us more. 吉姆？泰德给我们带来更详细的报道。 来自互联网