VOA慢速英语2011--What Kinds of Changes Will Arab Unrest B

This is IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English.
这里是美国之音慢速英语新闻报道。
Earlier this week, Hosni Mubarak promised to leave office, but not until elections in September. President Obama spoke¹ twice with the Egyptian leader by phone and said an "orderly transition" must begin now.
本周早些时候，埃及总统穆巴拉克承诺离任，但不会在九月大选前辞职。奥巴马两次通过电话与穆巴拉克沟通，并表示埃及的“有序过渡”必须从现在开始进行。
Supporters of Mr. Mubarak attacked protesters and reporters, but the protests continued in Cairo and other cities.
穆巴拉克支持者袭击了示威者和记者，但示威活动仍在埃及首都开罗和其他城市进行。
Opponents of Mr. Mubarak demanded that he leave office now. They declared Friday the "Day of Departure." Supporters of the Egyptian president declared it the "Day of Loyalty²."
穆巴拉克的反对者要求他立即离任。他们宣布星期五为“离开之日”。而总统支持者则宣布这一天为“忠诚日”。
Protests also took place in other Arab countries this week.
本周，其他阿拉伯国家也发生了示威活动。
In Jordan, hundreds of people demonstrated Friday to pressure the newly chosen prime minister to make promised political reforms. The demonstration³ in Amman came a day after Jordan's main Islamist opposition⁴ party met with King Abdullah to discuss its demands.
周五，约旦数百人示威要求新任首相做出政治改革承诺。在约旦首都安曼这次示威活动的前一天，约旦主要伊斯兰反对党与约旦国王阿卜杜拉进行了会晤，并讨论其政治要求。
Some people have called for the newly named prime minister to resign. But leaders of the opposition Muslim Brotherhood⁵ say they will give Marouf al-Bakhit a chance to seek reform.
部分人要求新任首相辞职，但反对党穆斯林兄弟会表示，他们将给予新任首相马鲁夫·巴希特（Marouf al-Bakhit）一个寻求改革的机会。
King Abdullah dismissed his government this week following weeks of anti-government protests. The king says reforms have been slow. He says all parties should work together to help increase the role of citizens in decision-making.
在数周反政府示威活动后，阿卜杜拉国王本周解散了政府（并任命巴希特为新首相）。国王表示改革进展得过于缓慢。他说，约旦所有各方应该共同努力，帮助公民在决策中发挥更大作用。
One of the demands of the Muslim Brotherhood is to change the constitution to involve parliament in appointing prime ministers. Currently only Jordan's king has that right.
穆斯林兄弟会的要求之一是修改宪法，使议会参与首相任命。目前仅约旦国王有任命首相的权力。
In Yemen, tens of thousands protested in the capital, Sana'a, on Thursday. They called it a "Day of Rage."
周四，数以万计人在也门首都萨那示威。他们称这天为“愤怒日”。
"No to corruption," they say. "No to dictatorship." Others demonstrated in support of President Ali Abdullah Saleh.
示威者提出“不要贪污，不要专政”。其他人则示威支持也门总统阿里·阿卜杜拉·萨利赫。
Mr. Saleh has been in power since nineteen seventy-eight. The Yemeni leader has been an ally of the United States in fighting terrorism.
萨利赫1978年当政，他是美国打击恐怖主义的盟友。
His latest promise to leave office came Wednesday. He said he would leave in two years when his term ends, and that his son would not replace him.
萨利赫周三承诺离任。他表示将在两年任期结束后离任，他的儿子也不会继承他的职位。
Lutfi Shatara of the Yemeni news agency, Aden Press, says the protesters have taken their lead from the uprising in Tunisia.
也门新闻机构亚丁社（Aden Press）的Lutfi Shatara表示，从突尼斯暴动起，示威者已成为主导者。
LUTFI SHATARA: "What happened in Tunisia -- it gives the people in the Middle East belief in themselves."
LUTFI SHATARA：“突尼斯发生的一切给了中东人民自信。”
Nadim Shahadi is a Middle East analyst⁶ with Chatham House in London. He thinks the American-led invasion of Iraq in two thousand three led to what is happening now in the Arab world.
Nadim Shahadi是伦敦Chatham House研究机构中东分析员。他认为2003年美国主导的入侵伊拉克导致了今天阿拉伯世界正发生的一切。
注：Chatham House，英国皇家国际事务研究所。
NADIM SHAHADI: "I believe that the trigger for this was the fall of the statue of Saddam Hussein. This was a huge shock to the region."
NADIM SHAHADI：“我认为这一切的导火索是萨达姆塑像的倒下，这是对该地区的一个巨大冲击。”
Iran's top leader has praised the anti-government protests in Egypt and Tunisia. Ayatollah Ali Khamenei called the demonstrations⁷ an "Islamic awakening⁸." He accused Hosni Mubarak of serving the United States and Israel.
伊朗最高精神领袖哈梅内伊（Ayatollah Ali Khamenei）赞扬了埃及和突尼斯的反政府示威活动。哈梅内伊称示威活动是“伊斯兰的觉醒”。他指责穆巴拉克一味听从是美国和以色列。
There have also been protests is Lebanon, although for different political reasons. Haleem is an international affairs student in New York. He is from Lebanon, but worries about Egypt.
黎巴嫩也发生了示威活动，虽然出于不同的政治原因。 Haleem是纽约一名国际事务专业的学生。他来自黎巴嫩，但担忧着埃及。
HALEEM: "I am just afraid of the transition and what happens next because we can see for example what happened in the Iranian revolution, and I cannot really rule out the Iranian case to repeat itself in Egypt.
HALEEM：“我担心权力过渡和随之发生的一切。我们可以看看伊朗革命的例子。我不排除埃及会重蹈伊朗革命的覆辙。”
"It can have also many spillover effects, either on Israel, and then if on Israel, it can also have some impacts on Lebanon. The Middle East is like a system by itself."
“埃及事件可能还会有一系列连锁反应，而不仅是以色列。如果影响到以色列，势必又将对黎巴嫩造成影响。中东地区自身就是一个整体系统。”
And that's IN THE NEWS in VOA Special English. I'm Steve Ember.
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Contributing: Adam Phillips, Henry Ridgwell and Phillip Walter Wellman

1 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 loyalty   

n.忠诚，忠心

参考例句：

• She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。
• His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt.他对朋友的一片忠心从来没受到怀疑。

3 demonstration   

n.表明，示范，论证，示威

参考例句：

• His new book is a demonstration of his patriotism.他写的新书是他的爱国精神的证明。
• He gave a demonstration of the new technique then and there.他当场表演了这种新的操作方法。

4 opposition   

n.反对，敌对

参考例句：

• The party leader is facing opposition in his own backyard.该党领袖在自己的党內遇到了反对。
• The police tried to break down the prisoner's opposition.警察设法制住了那个囚犯的反抗。

5 brotherhood   

n.兄弟般的关系，手中情谊

参考例句：

• They broke up the brotherhood.他们断绝了兄弟关系。
• They live and work together in complete equality and brotherhood.他们完全平等和兄弟般地在一起生活和工作。

6 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

7 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

8 awakening   

n.觉醒，醒悟 adj.觉醒中的；唤醒的

参考例句：

• the awakening of interest in the environment 对环境产生的兴趣
• People are gradually awakening to their rights. 人们正逐渐意识到自己的权利。