‘maximum INDIA’ Brings India’s Sights and Sounds to Was

STEVE EMBER: I’m Steve Ember.
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: And I’m Shirley Griffith with EXPLORATIONS in VOA Special English. Today we travel to India by way of the John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts in Washington, D.C. This cultural organization is currently holding a three-week festival that celebrates the art, culture, food and people of India. Join us as we explore the sights and sounds of “maximum INDIA.”
(MUSIC: “Mysore Se Ayee” by Raghu Dixit)
STEVE EMBER: That was a song performed by the Indian folk rock musician Raghu Dixit. He is one of many musicians who have performed at the Kennedy Center during “maximum INDIA.” Other musicians include the rock band Parikrama the violinist L. Subramaniam, and the opera singer Anando Mukerjee.
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Festival organizer Alicia Adams has been working on this event for several years. She visited India many times to put together the festival. She visited dancers, artists’ work shops, festivals and restaurants. Then she and other festival organizers decided¹ what they would bring to the Kennedy Center for this event.
Ms. Adams says the name of the festival was influenced by the book “Maximum City: Bombay Lost and Found” by Suketu Mehta. She says the festival’s use of the word “maximum” describes India well. Ms. Adams notes that everything in India is “maximum” -- from its colors and environment, to the density² and number of its people.
Dancers with the Odissi Vision and Movement Centre
STEVE EMBER: The “maximum INDIA” festival gives visitors to the Kennedy Center a taste of India’s many cultures and traditions. India has more than a billion people, fifteen official languages, more than one thousand dialects and more than three hundred thousand gods and goddesses.
The event has been extremely popular. Almost all of the performances have sold out. Ms. Adams says that many of the free performances have been extremely crowded. The Kennedy Center had to bring in additional sound and screen devices to make room for the huge numbers of people.
Here is U. Shrinivas, a skilled musician in Indian classical music who plays the mandolin.
(MUSIC: “From Folktales” by U. Shrinivas)
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: In addition to music, “maximum INDIA” offers many kinds of dance and theater performances. Tansuree Shankar is a dancer and dance creator whose company performs Indian modern dance. Other groups performed traditional dances such as bharatanatyam, sapera, and kuchipudi.
The Manipur Chorus Repertory Theatre performed Norwegian playwright³ Henrik Ibsen’s play, “When We Dead Awaken,” in the language of Manipuri.
STEVE EMBER: The Ishara Puppet Theatre Trust was one of many shows aimed at younger audiences. The group performed a work called “Images of Truth.” The performers used puppets and actors to tell the story of Indian political leader and activist⁴ Mahatma Gandhi.
Before beginning the show, director Dadi Pudumjee asked the audience to observe a minute of silence to honor the actors and puppet experts in Japan who may have suffered after last week’s major earthquake.
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Not all “maximum INDIA” events are about dance, music or theater. Experts discussed subjects including India’s cities, women in Indian movies and Indian literature.
Comedian⁵ Dan Nainan told funny stories about his unusual cultural background.
DAN NAINAN: “My dad is from India and my mom is from Japan. Yes, I’ll let that sink in.”
(LAUGHTER)
“In fact, my mom is so Japanese that when I was born, I came out cordless.”
STEVE EMBER: Susmita Mohanty is a spaceship designer from India who gave a talk called “3011: Spaceship Utopias.” She discussed India’s space program and the future of spaceship design. She called for governments to use design experts and not just engineers to make spaceships.
SUSMITA MOHANTY: “What I think the problem is is not because we don’t have the imagination or the resources or the talent to build better spaceships. I think the problem is that the design approach that most government agencies take is heavily dependent on engineers only.”
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Several exhibits at “maximum INDIA” show the work of modern Indian artists. Bharti Kher is an artist born in London who currently lives in New Delhi. Her work, “I’ve Got Eyes at the Back of my Head,” is made up of five thousand large cloth bindis.
Bharti Kher's bindi art sculptures hang in the Kennedy Center's Grand Foyer next to a statue of President John F. Kennedy
They are attached to the windows of one of the Kennedy Center’s long hallways. Bindis are small dots traditionally worn by Indian women on their forehead, in between the eyes. Ms. Kher has enlarged them and organized them in colorful rows.
STEVE EMBER: Jitish Kallat’s work, “Public Notice 2,” recreates a speech given by Mahatma Gandhi in nineteen thirty. Gandhi gave the speech before beginning a twenty-four-day march to protest Britain’s unfair control of India’s salt trade. Gandhi called for the use of non-violent civil disobedience.
The artist has written out the speech using letters made of fiberglass. The letters are in the shape of bones and sit on a series of temporary wall structures. Mr. Kallat says the speech includes several subjects that could help us rethink the deep aggression⁶ in the world today.
(MUSIC: “Humse Rootha Na Karo” by Vatsala Mehra)
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: Other exhibits explore India’s rich craft traditions. One exhibit shows the many beautiful kinds of sari clothing that Indian women wear. Another shows a huge collection of fans used to cool off during warm weather.
One large exhibit imaginatively brings together crafts from the twenty-eight states of India. The large room is made to look like a gathering⁷ of sellers at a village market. There are large videos on the walls showing the busy streets of India.
There are many bicycles carrying objects that represent a special local tradition. One bicycle has all the materials needed for making and selling chai, or tea. Another bicycle carries the materials and tools for making paan. Paan is made up of small pieces of areca nut and other spices. People chew it to cleanse⁸ the tastebuds in the mouth and support fresh breath. Several of the bicycles also show objects used to honor Hindu gods in religious ceremonies.
A diamond and pearl necklace from the "Treasures of the Gem⁹ Palace" exhibit
STEVE EMBER: Another exhibit is filled with priceless treasures. Visitors can see traditional jewelry¹⁰ made by the Gem Palace company in Jaipur. One diamond and pearl wedding set includes a headpiece, earrings¹² and a huge necklace. It took seventy-five jewelers three years to complete. Another necklace and earring¹¹ set is also for a bride. It is made of over eighty carats of diamonds and over sixty carats of red stones called rubies¹³.
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: No festival of Indian culture would be complete without food. Festival organizers brought in the famous Indian cook Hemant Oberoi to create food for the event. Both Kennedy Center restaurants are offering Indian meals from around the continent. Mr. Oberoi had many dried spices shipped to Washington from India. A local Indian restaurant has helped provide the right tools and fresh ingredients. So Mr. Oberoi and his team are making Indian food that tastes as close as possible to the food they make in their country.
STEVE EMBER: We leave you with a song by the artist Panjabi MC. He will perform twice this weekend at “maximum INDIA.” He combines traditional Panjabi music with hip-hop to make songs that make you want to get up and dance.
(MUSIC)
SHIRLEY GRIFFITH: This program was written and produced by Dana Demange. I’m Shirley Griffith.
STEVE EMBER: And I’m Steve Ember. You can see pictures of some “maximum INDIA” exhibits on our website, voanews.cn. You can also find us on Facebook and YouTube at VOA Learning English. Join us again next week

1 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

2 density   

n.密集，密度，浓度

参考例句：

• The population density of that country is 685 per square mile.那个国家的人口密度为每平方英里685人。
• The region has a very high population density.该地区的人口密度很高。

3 playwright   

n.剧作家，编写剧本的人

参考例句：

• Gwyn Thomas was a famous playwright.格温·托马斯是著名的剧作家。
• The playwright was slaughtered by the press.这位剧作家受到新闻界的无情批判。

4 activist   

n.活动分子，积极分子

参考例句：

• He's been a trade union activist for many years.多年来他一直是工会的积极分子。
• He is a social activist in our factory.他是我厂的社会活动积极分子。

5 comedian   

n.喜剧演员；滑稽演员

参考例句：

• The comedian tickled the crowd with his jokes.喜剧演员的笑话把人们逗乐了。
• The comedian enjoyed great popularity during the 30's.那位喜剧演员在三十年代非常走红。

6 aggression   

n.进攻，侵略，侵犯，侵害

参考例句：

• So long as we are firmly united, we need fear no aggression.只要我们紧密地团结，就不必惧怕外来侵略。
• Her view is that aggression is part of human nature.她认为攻击性是人类本性的一部份。

7 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

8 cleanse   

vt.使清洁，使纯洁，清洗

参考例句：

• Health experts are trying to cleanse the air in cities. 卫生专家们正设法净化城市里的空气。
• Fresh fruit juices can also cleanse your body and reduce dark circles.新鲜果汁同样可以清洁你的身体,并对黑眼圈同样有抑制作用。

9 gem   

n.宝石，珠宝；受爱戴的人 [同]jewel

参考例句：

• The gem is beyond my pocket.这颗宝石我可买不起。
• The little gem is worth two thousand dollars.这块小宝石价值两千美元。

10 jewelry   

n.（jewllery）（总称）珠宝

参考例句：

• The burglars walked off with all my jewelry.夜盗偷走了我的全部珠宝。
• Jewelry and lace are mostly feminine belongings.珠宝和花边多数是女性用品。

11 earring   

n.耳环，耳饰

参考例句：

• How long have you worn that earring?你戴那个耳环多久了？
• I have an earring but can't find its companion.我现在只有一只耳环,找不到另一只了。

12 earrings   

n.耳环( earring的名词复数 )；耳坠子

参考例句：

• a pair of earrings 一对耳环
• These earrings snap on with special fastener. 这付耳环是用特制的按扣扣上去的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 rubies   

红宝石( ruby的名词复数 )； 红宝石色，深红色

参考例句：

• a necklace of rubies intertwined with pearls 缠着珍珠的红宝石项链
• The crown was set with precious jewels—diamonds, rubies and emeralds. 王冠上镶嵌着稀世珍宝—有钻石、红宝石、绿宝石。