VOA慢速英语2014 国家通过旅行禁令与埃博拉斗争

 

Countries Struggle with Ebola Travel Ban 国家通过旅行禁令与埃博拉斗争

Countries around the world are struggling to limit the spread of Ebola while protecting  human rights. To help them, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United  States have issued new guidelines.

The Centers said people who have been exposed to Ebola should be very careful, even if they  do not have any symptoms. The CDC said high-risk people should avoid mass transportation  and large groups.

The recommendations target health care workers and others who have touched body fluids of  someone with Ebola. But the CDC said people who have only traveled to an area with Ebola do  not need severe restrictions¹.   

The United States

In the United States, New York, New Jersey² and Illinois have said they will go further than  the CDC guidelines. The three states require anyone who has been exposed to Ebola in West  Africa to stay isolated³ for 21 days.

The governors of New York, New Jersey and Illinois say they are trying to keep people in  their state safe from the virus.

But top U.S. health officials have warned against measures that are too strong.

Dr. Anthony Fauci leads the National Institute of Allergy⁴ and Infectious Diseases in  Maryland.

“The scientific data tells us that people who are without symptoms and with whom you do  not come into contact with body fluids are not a threat,” Dr. Fauci said.

A spokesperson for President Barack Obama also commented on the issue. Josh Earnest said  U.S. states’ safety policies should not discourage doctors and nurses from traveling to  West Africa to help Ebola patients.

The U.S. Army has also isolated about twelve of its soldiers who were responding the Ebola  outbreak in West Africa. None of the soldiers has symptoms of Ebola. But, Pentagon  spokesman Colonel Steven Warren said the army was using “an abundance of caution.”

Australia

This week Australia announced it is closing its doors in response to the Ebola outbreak.

It is canceling non-permanent or temporary visas for travelers from Guinea, Liberia and  Sierra Leone. It also asked people traveling from the areas who have permanent visas to  accept quarantine for 21 days.

Humanitarian⁵ groups in Australia have called the country’s travel bans “narrow.” Health  workers say the country already has policies to protect against Ebola and does not need to  increase public fears.  

The World Health Organization has also argued against travel bans. It said affected⁶ nations  need international help, not isolation⁷.

West Africa

Ebola has already killed nearly 5,000 people in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone. Officials  there are taking measures to enforce quarantines and limit people’s movement.

But the international organization Human Rights Watch said the measures have not been  consistent or monitored. As a result, it says, the measures have not helped public health  and have made daily life and work even harder. 

The group Doctors Without Borders also expressed concern. Juli Switala is a South African  pediatrician with the group. She said people in Sierra Leone are not seeking basic health  care because they are afraid of being infected with Ebola.

And, she said doctors and nurses have to make hard choices about treating patients. Ms.  Switala said her team has limited some life-saving activity, such as responding to  emergency births with a lot of blood, because they are afraid of Ebola.

“There are a lot of women dying … because of this problem,” she said.

China

China has not yet had a confirmed case of Ebola. But it is increasing efforts to learn  about possible cases in the province of Guangdong.

The region has the country’s largest African population. It also holds China’s largest  trade show, which usually brings buyers and sellers from West Africa. This year, the number  of visitors from West Africa has dropped severely⁸. But health officials are monitoring the  temperatures of all participants.

Words in This Story 

exposed – adj. not protected or covered

discouraged – v. made someone less determined⁹, hopeful or confident

abundance – n. large amount of something

consistent – adj. always acting¹⁰ in the same way; good each time

pediatrician – n. a doctor who treats babies and children

1 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

2 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。

3 isolated   

adj.与世隔绝的

参考例句：

• His bad behaviour was just an isolated incident. 他的不良行为只是个别事件。
• Patients with the disease should be isolated. 这种病的患者应予以隔离。

4 allergy   

n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症

参考例句：

• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
• The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。

5 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

6 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

7 isolation   

n.隔离，孤立，分解，分离

参考例句：

• The millionaire lived in complete isolation from the outside world.这位富翁过着与世隔绝的生活。
• He retired and lived in relative isolation.他退休后，生活比较孤寂。

8 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

9 determined   

adj.坚定的；有决心的

参考例句：

• I have determined on going to Tibet after graduation.我已决定毕业后去西藏。
• He determined to view the rooms behind the office.他决定查看一下办公室后面的房间。

10 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。