VOA慢速英语2014 孟加拉国建造“浮动农场”克服洪水侵害

 

Bangladesh Overcomes Flooding with 'Floating Farms' 孟加拉国建造“浮动农场”克服洪水侵害

From VOA Learning¹ English, this is the Agriculture Report.

这是美国之音慢速英语农业报道。

Rivers in northwestern Bangladesh rise sharply² during the rainy season causing months of flooding on farms and villages.

河流在西北孟加拉国雨季造成水浸在农场和村庄上个月大幅上升。

This hurts the rural³ poor who depend on agriculture to survive.

这伤害了农村的贫困人口依靠农业生存的人。

When the floods cover their lands they cannot grow crops or raise animals.

当洪水盖住他们的土地不能种植农作物或饲养动物。

But local farmers may have found a way to deal with the seasonal⁴ weather.

但当地的农民可能会发现对付季节性天气的办法。

Some are building small farms that float on top of the floodwaters.

一些正在建浮在洪水的小农场。

Hafiza Khatun is gathering⁵ eggs from the ducks that live in what is called a “coop” on her floating farm.

Hafiza 玛卡从生活在所谓"coop"她浮动农场的鸭子收集鸡蛋。

The farm is made of bamboo plants and empty oil containers, or drums.

农场是由竹子和空油容器或鼓。

It is attached to the bank of a river near the village of Charbhangura.

它被连接到银行的一条河附近 Charbhangura 村。

Women also raise fish and vegetables on the floating farm.

妇女还提高鱼和蔬菜在浮动的农场里。

25-year-old Hafiza Khatun could not earn money during the rainy season before she had her floating farm.

25 岁 Hafiza 玛卡在雨季之前她有她的浮动农场挣不到钱。

Ms. Khatun has two small children. She does not have any education. Her husband is an agricultural worker.

女士玛卡有两个小的孩子。她并没有任何一种教育。她的丈夫是一名农业工作者。

But he does not work when monsoon⁶ rains fall from July to October. During that time, the Gurmani river rises at least three meters.

但他不能当季风带来的降雨从 7 月到 10 月。那段时间，Gurmani 河上升至少三米远。

Three years ago, a Bangladeshi non-profit organization called Shidhulai Swanirvar Sangstha brought small floating farms to the village.

三年前，孟加拉国的非营利组织，称为 Shidhulai Swanirvar 工业信贷公司给村里带来小浮动农场。

The farms are 17 meters long and almost five meters wide.

农场是长 17 米、 宽近 5 米。

They are made of both recycled and local materials. Long bamboo rails create places to raise fish in nets.

他们是由再循环和本地材料。长长的竹竿 rails 创建饲养在网中的鱼的地方。

Vegetables such as gourds⁷ and beans are grown in plastic containers filled with soil.

在塑料容器装满土种植葫芦和豆类等蔬菜。

Shidhulai pays the cost of making the farm.

Shidhulai 支付成本，使农场。

For Ms. Khatun and other villagers, life is difficult during the flood season.

女士玛卡和其他村民，生活很难在洪水季节。

Ms. Khatun says when the water comes, her house goes underwater.

女士玛卡说水的时候，她的房子去水下。

There is no place to go, no place to stay, she says. There is water everywhere.

那里是没有地方可去，没有地方住，她说。到处都是水。

But now she can grow food on the floating farm and earn money from selling some of it.

但现在她可以浮动的农场上种植粮食，从出售其中一些是赚钱。

Five to ten women work on one farm.

五到十个女人在一个农场工作。

Depending on the size of the farm, together they can earn about $1,700 a year.

根据农场的大小，在一起他们可以赚取约 1,700 美元一年。

That amount of money can buy a lot of food in rural Bangladesh.

这笔钱可以买很多食物在孟加拉国农村。

Ms. Khatun also rented land with the money she earned. She grows sugar cane⁸ on the land.

女士玛卡也租用土地与她赚来的钱。她生长在这片土地上的甘蔗。

Her family is saving⁹ money in a bank for the first time.

她的家庭第一次在一家银行存钱。

Mohammed Rezwan started Shidhulai Swanirvar Sangstha in 1998 to create schools on boats.

Mohammed Rezwan Shidhulai Swanirvar 工业信贷公司在 1998 年开始在船上创建学校。

The school boats let poor children continue their education even when flood waters block the roads they use to get to their school.

学校船让可怜的孩子们继续他们的教育，甚至当洪水阻止他们使用去他们学校的道路。

Four years ago, he created floating farms so people can still earn money and feed themselves during flood season.

四年前，他创建浮动农场，因此人们还可以赚到钱，养活自己在洪水季节。

Bangladesh is close to sea level, which means it is greatly affected¹⁰ by climate change that causes flooding and rising sea waters.

孟加拉国是接近海平面，这意味着它受导致洪水和不断上升的海洋水域的气候变化很大。

The difficulties of making money in the rainy seasons often lead rural people to move to cities in Bangladesh. Most cities are very crowded.

在多雨的季节往往赚钱的困难导致农村人口迁往城市在孟加拉国。大多数城市都是非常拥挤。

Bangladesh is one of the world’s most densely¹¹ populated countries.

孟加拉国是世界上人口最稠密的国家之一。

There are 156 million people in an area that measures 144,000 square kilometers.

在措施 144000 平方米公里的面积有 1 亿 5600 万人。

That is about half as many people who live in the United States.

这是大约一半的情况下，像许多人住在美国。

But that country measures about 9.9 million square kilometers.

但该国措施约 990 万平方公里。

Mr. Rezwan says there is great demand for answers for areas affected by climate change.

先生 Rezwan 说有很大的需求，受气候变化影响的地区的答案。

“Bangladesh is on the front line of climate change.

"孟加拉国是在前线的气候改变。

We have hundreds of rivers in the country.

我们在全国有数百条河流。

So this project has big potential to be scaled up in the country and other developing countries, particularly the countries that will be affected by climate change.”

所以这个项目有很大的潜力，必须加大国家和其他发展中国家，特别是国家将会受到气候改变。

Shidhulai has created 40 floating farms that help about 300 women and their families.

Shidhulai 创造了 40 浮动的农场帮助大约 300 名妇女和他们的家人。

Mr. Rezwan wants to create 400 more farms in the next few years.

先生 Rezwan 想要在未来的几年中创建 400 多个农场。

He believes the floating farm idea can be used in other developing countries.

他相信浮动农场的想法可以用在其他发展中国家。

“We hope that the idea of on water farming will be replicated¹³ in other settings¹⁴.

"我们希望水养殖的想法将被复制，在其他设置中。

It helps people adapt to changing climates. It creates jobs.

它可以帮助人们适应气候变化。它将创建作业。

It ensures food security¹⁵ and helps the whole family to adapt to the climate change.”

它确保粮食安全，并助全家来适应气候变化。

School boats are being used in several other countries, including the Philippines, Cambodia, Vietnam, Nigeria and Zambia.

学校船是被用在其他几个国家，包括菲律宾、 柬埔寨、 越南、 尼日利亚和赞比亚。

The group’s floating schools have helped more than 70,000 children in northwest Bangladesh go to classes since 2002.

该集团的浮动学校帮助超过 7 万名儿童在西北地区自 2002 年以来，孟加拉国去上课。

And that’s the VOA Learning English Agriculture Report.

而这是美国之音学习英语农业报道。

For more agriculture and environment stories, go to our website: learningenglish. voanews.com. I’m Marsha James.

更多的农业和环境的故事，请转到我们的网站： 学。诬蔑的话，我是玛莎 James。

Words in This Story

coop – n. a cage or small building in which chickens or other small animals are kept

合作 — — 一个笼子里或小洋楼里的鸡只或其他小动物都关

recycle – v. to make something new from (something that has been used before)

回收 — — 五、 做些从 （也曾用过的东西）

rural – adj. of or relating to the country and the people who live there instead of the city

农村 — — 的 ； 或与有关的国家和人民住在那里而不是这座城市

densely – adv. crowded with people

浓密 — — 地挤满了人

replicate¹² – v. to repeat or copy (something) exactly

复制 — — 五、 重复或完全复制 （某物）

1 learning   

n.学问，学识，学习；动词learn的现在分词

参考例句：

• When you are learning to ride a bicycle,you often fall off.初学骑自行车时，常会从车上掉下来。
• Learning languages isn't just a matter of remembering words.学习语言不仅仅是记些单词的事。

2 sharply   

adj.锐利地，急速；adv.严厉地，鲜明地

参考例句：

• The plane dived sharply and rose again.飞机猛然俯冲而后又拉了起来。
• Demand for personal computers has risen sharply.对个人电脑的需求急剧增长。

3 rural   

adj.乡下的，田园的，乡村风味的

参考例句：

• He lived a rural life.他过着田园生活。
• We left the city for a rural home.我们离开城市，去农村安家。

4 seasonal   

adj.季节的，季节性的

参考例句：

• The town relies on the seasonal tourist industry for jobs.这个城镇依靠季节性旅游业提供就业机会。
• The hors d'oeuvre is seasonal vegetables.餐前小吃是应时蔬菜。

5 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

6 monsoon   

n.季雨，季风，大雨

参考例句：

• The monsoon rains started early this year.今年季雨降雨开始得早。
• The main climate type in that region is monsoon.那个地区主要以季风气候为主要气候类型。

7 gourds   

n.葫芦( gourd的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Dried gourds are sometimes used as ornaments. 干葫芦有时用作饰品。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The villagers use gourds for holding water. 村民们用葫芦盛水。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 cane   

n.手杖，细长的茎，藤条；v.以杖击，以藤编制的

参考例句：

• This sugar cane is quite a sweet and juicy.这甘蔗既甜又多汁。
• English schoolmasters used to cane the boys as a punishment.英国小学老师过去常用教鞭打男学生作为惩罚。

9 saving   

n.节省，节约；[pl.]储蓄金，存款

参考例句：

• Energy saving is term strategic policy of our country.节约能源是我国长期的战略国策。
• Old-fashioned housewives were usually very saving.旧时的家庭主妇通常都很节俭。

10 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

11 densely   

ad.密集地；浓厚地

参考例句：

• A grove of trees shadowed the house densely. 树丛把这幢房子遮蔽得很密实。
• We passed through miles of densely wooded country. 我们穿过好几英里茂密的林地。

12 replicate   

v.折叠，复制，模写；n.同样的样品；adj.转折的

参考例句：

• The DNA of chromatin must replicate before cell division.染色质DNA在细胞分裂之前必须复制。
• It is also easy to replicate,as the next subsection explains.就像下一个小节详细说明的那样，它还可以被轻易的复制。

13 replicated   

复制( replicate的过去式和过去分词 )； 重复； 再造； 再生

参考例句：

• Later outplant the seedlings in a replicated permanent test plantation. 以后苗木出圃栽植成重复的永久性试验林。
• The phage has replicated and the donor cells have lysed. 噬菌体已复制和给体细胞已发生裂解。

14 settings   

n.镶嵌( setting的名词复数 )；环境；装置；（某事、戏剧、小说等的）背景

参考例句：

• to study behaviour in laboratory and naturalistic settings 研究实验室里的以及仿自然环境中的行为
• This machine has two settings: fast and slow. 这种机器有两种可调的速度：快速和慢速。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

15 security   

n.安全，安全感；防护措施；保证(金)，抵押(品)；债券，证券

参考例句：

• A security guard brought him down with a flying tackle.一名保安人员飞身把他抱倒。
• There was tight security at the airport when the President's plane landed.总统的专机降落时，机场的保安措施很严密。