社区护理促进贫穷国家的精神病治疗 Community Care Boosts Treatment of Mentally Ill in Poor Countries

 

社区护理促进贫穷国家的精神病治疗 Community Care Boosts¹ Treatment of Mentally Ill in Poor Countries

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

Mental health experts say less than 10 percent of people with mental sickness in poor countries receive treatment. Researchers found the most successful way to treat these people is to bring health care to them.

精神健康专家表示，贫穷国家只有不到10%的精神疾病患者得到治疗。研究人员发现，治疗这类患者最成功的方法给他们带去卫生护理。

A new study shows that community-based in-home care is an effective method for treating people with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a long-term and often disabling² brain disorder³. People with schizophrenia suffer a break in the relation between their thoughts, their feelings and their behaviour. They may hear voices that others do not.

一项新的研究表明，以社区为基础的家庭护理是一种有效治疗精神分裂症患者的办法。精神分裂症是一种长期并往往致残的脑部疾病。精神分裂症患者在想法、感受和行为之间的关系上会遇到障碍。他们可能会幻听。

Schizophrenics often withdraw from reality, from family and friends. This means they may not seek out necessary medical treatment.

精神分裂症患者通常会脱离现实、家庭和朋友。这意味着他们可能得不到适当的医学治疗。

The main treatment for schizophrenia is medication, but it must be taken by doctor's orders. And that can cause problems. Often people suffering from mental illness do not remember to take the medication.

治疗精神分裂症主要靠药物，但它必须按照医嘱服用。而这会产生问题，精神病患者往往不记得服药。

Recently, researchers carried out a long-term study at 3 places in India. They looked at community care for patients in their homes, then the researchers compared it to care received at mental health centers. The study involved almost 300 schizophrenic patients, ages 16 to 60.

最近，研究人员在印度三个地方进行了一项长期研究。他们考察了患者在家获得的社区护理，然后将其与在精神卫生中心获得的护理进行对比。这项研究涉及了年龄在16到60岁的近300名精神分裂症患者。

Graham Thornicroft is a professor of community psychiatry⁴ at the Institute of Psychiatry at Kings College London. He led the study. He feels the best way to treat people with mental illness in poor countries is to make care easy to get.

格雷厄姆·索尼克罗夫特(Graham Thornicroft)是伦敦国王学院精神病学研究所的社区精神病学教授。他领导了这项研究。他认为，治疗贫穷国家精神病患者的最好办法是让他们更容易获得护理。

"So, what we wanted to do in this study is to find out, can we develop a relatively⁵ simple and affordable⁶ type of treatment that will increase the number of people who get treatment and increase the quality of care," said Thornicroft.

索尼克罗夫特：“所以在这项研究中，我们想要做的就是，找出是否可以开发出一种相对简单和负担得起的治疗方式，提高获得治疗的患者人数，提高护理的质量。”

Mr Thornicroft says trained health care workers visited the homes of 187 schizophrenic patients. These workers gave the patients medication and follow-up care between doctor visits. They told family members about how to care for the loved ones.

索尼克罗夫特先生表示，训练有素的医护人员走访了187位精神分裂症患者的家。这些医护人员在医生两次随访之间的空白期给患者提供药物治疗和后续护理。他们告诉家庭成员应该如何护理这些作为患者的亲人。

This in-home, community care was combined with visits to mental health centers. The progress of this group was then compared to a group of 95 patients who received care only at mental health centers. Mr Thornicroft says that a year later, the patients who received in-home care experienced major improvements.

这种家庭、社区护理同造访精神卫生中心寻求治疗相结合。这组患者的进展随后同仅在精神卫生中心接受护理的95名患者相比较。索尼克罗夫特先生表示，一年过后，接受家庭护理患者的情况大为好转。

"For example, voices or delusions⁷ were less in the community treatment option. Secondly⁸, the levels of disability were lower when people had community care as well as the medical treatment [in clinic] and third, people were more often likely to take their medication if they had the close support of [someone] coming to visit their homes rather than getting no follow-up between the doctors' visits," said Thornicroft.

索尼克罗夫特先生说，“举个例子，在社区治疗中，幻听或幻想的情况较少出现。其次，当人们同时接受社区护理和医学治疗时，致残率有所下降。第三，如果患者获得有人到家探访的密切支持，而不是在医生随访之间未有后续护理，他们就更容易接受服药。”

The study shows that people who had community care, combined with visits to mental health centers were more connected to reality, had fewer disabilities, and were more likely to take the medications.

这项研究表明，社区护理和造访精神卫生中心寻求治疗相结合的患者更贴近现实，更少致残，更容易接受服药。

And that's the Health Report. I'm Anna Matteo.

 

以上就是本期健康报道的全部内容，我是安娜·马特奥（Anna Matteo）

1 boosts   

n.宣扬( boost的名词复数 )；帮助v.促进( boost的第三人称单数 )；增加；吹捧；向上推起

参考例句：

• The rocket boosts the astronaut into space. 这火箭能把宇航员送入太空。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• A sincere compliment boosts one's morale. 由衷的称赞可鼓舞一个人的精神。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

2 disabling   

使无能力( disable的现在分词 )； 使残废； 使伤残； 使无效

参考例句：

• Rheumatoid arthritis is perhaps the most severe and disabling type of the disease. 类风湿性关节炎可能是其中最严重，最能致残的一种类型。
• There was an error disabling the Inbox Assistant rules. 禁用收件箱助理程序规则时出错。

3 disorder   

n.紊乱，混乱；骚动，骚乱；疾病，失调

参考例句：

• When returning back,he discovered the room to be in disorder.回家后，他发现屋子里乱七八糟。
• It contained a vast number of letters in great disorder.里面七零八落地装着许多信件。

4 psychiatry   

n.精神病学，精神病疗法

参考例句：

• The study appeared in the Amercian science Journal of Psychiatry.这个研究发表在美国精神病学的杂志上。
• A physician is someone who specializes in psychiatry.精神病专家是专门从事精神病治疗的人。

5 relatively   

adv.比较...地，相对地

参考例句：

• The rabbit is a relatively recent introduction in Australia.兔子是相对较新引入澳大利亚的物种。
• The operation was relatively painless.手术相对来说不痛。

6 affordable   

adj.支付得起的，不太昂贵的

参考例句：

• The rent for the four-roomed house is affordable.四居室房屋的房租付得起。
• There are few affordable apartments in big cities.在大城市中没有几所公寓是便宜的。

7 delusions   

n.欺骗( delusion的名词复数 )；谬见；错觉；妄想

参考例句：

• the delusions of the mentally ill 精神病患者的妄想
• She wants to travel first-class: she must have delusions of grandeur. 她想坐头等舱旅行，她一定自以为很了不起。 来自辞典例句

8 secondly   

adv.第二，其次

参考例句：

• Secondly,use your own head and present your point of view.第二，动脑筋提出自己的见解。
• Secondly it is necessary to define the applied load.其次，需要确定所作用的载荷。