新兴经济体问题或成为20国峰会主要议题

AS IT IS 2015-11-13 Fears About Emerging Economies to Dominate G20 新兴经济体问题或成为20国峰会主要议题

Several emerging economies are facing major struggles, say experts.

Their economic troubles will dominate the G20 Summit of the world’s richest nations in Turkey next week, they say.

The Group of 20 Summit is a top forum¹ for the leaders of the largest economies to discuss important global issues.

Andrew Kenningham is a consultant² at Capital Economics in London. He said Russia is suffering the most of emerging economies.

Russia’s economy “is contracting by maybe 5 percent this year,” he says. It is struggling with the collapse³ in oil prices and sanctions set by Western nations after Russia annexed⁵ Crimea. Poor governance is another factor.

This “has made it extremely difficult for businesses to operate there,” Kenningham added.

The G20 Summit will focus on China, too. Official economic growth in China has slowed to less than 7 percent. This caused a sell-off in the stock market and pushed down oil prices. But Kenningham said the fears are exaggerated.

“The equity⁶ market did collapse,” he said, “but there has been a bubble beforehand, and it’s not really very strongly connected to actual growth in the economy.” 

China also said this week it wants the G20 to reform the voting rights at the International Monetary⁷ Fund (IMF). China says it wants a larger role. The IMF is an organization of 188 countries, working to increase global economic growth and promote international trade.

Olivia Gippner works at the London School of Economics. She said the Chinese “are underrepresented dramatically” in IMF voting. The U.S. has about 16 percent of the share. China has 4 percent. India has 3 percent, and Brazil has 2 percent, Gippner added.

These numbers “don’t reflect the current economic system anymore at all.”

Gippner added that climate change will be a key topic at the G20 Summit, because the Paris climate summit is in December.

Turkey is another emerging economy that is struggling. John Kirton is founder⁸ and co-director of the G20 Research Group at the University of Toronto’s Munk School of Global Affairs.

“Terrorism in the Middle East, primarily, and the Syrian refugee crisis—they’re going to be dealt with by the leaders at the dinner, where they meet alone and can deal in a more flexible fashion,” Kirton told VOA.

The upcoming G20 Summit will take place in the seaside resort of Antalya, Turkey on November 15-16. The key objectives of the meeting will be to strengthen the global recovery, enhance resilience and build sustainability, reported G20.org.

Together, these economies represent 85 percent of global Gross Domestic Product (GDP). GDP is the main way to measure the size of a country's economy. It represents the total value of all goods and services produced over a specific period of time.

China takes over the rotating presidency⁹ of the G20 in 2016. Analysts¹⁰ say Beijing will probably find its own economy is the major focus of many fellow members.

Words in this Story 

emerging – adj. newly created or noticed and growing in strength or popularity: becoming widely known or established

dominate – v. to be the most important part of (something)

sanctions – n. an action that is taken or an order that is given to force a country to obey international laws by limiting or stopping trade with that country, by not allowing economic aid for that country, etc. — usually plural¹¹

annex⁴ - v. to take control of a territory or place. 

exaggerated – v. to think of or describe something as larger or greater than it really is

dramatically – adv. sudden and extreme

enhance – v. to increase or improve (something)

resilience – n.  the ability to become strong, healthy, or successful again after something bad happens

sustainability – n. involving methods that do not completely use up or destroy natural resources

1 forum   

n.论坛，讨论会

参考例句：

• They're holding a forum on new ways of teaching history.他们正在举行历史教学讨论会。
• The organisation would provide a forum where problems could be discussed.这个组织将提供一个可以讨论问题的平台。

2 consultant   

n.顾问；会诊医师，专科医生

参考例句：

• He is a consultant on law affairs to the mayor.他是市长的一个法律顾问。
• Originally,Gar had agreed to come up as a consultant.原来，加尔只答应来充当我们的顾问。

3 collapse   

vi.累倒；昏倒；倒塌；塌陷

参考例句：

• The country's economy is on the verge of collapse.国家的经济已到了崩溃的边缘。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做了一次彻底的调查分析。

4 annex   

vt.兼并，吞并；n.附属建筑物

参考例句：

• It plans to annex an England company in order to enlarge the market.它计划兼并一家英国公司以扩大市场。
• The annex has been built on to the main building.主楼配建有附属的建筑物。

5 annexed   

[法] 附加的，附属的

参考例句：

• Germany annexed Austria in 1938. 1938年德国吞并了奥地利。
• The outlying villages were formally annexed by the town last year. 那些偏远的村庄于去年正式被并入该镇。

6 equity   

n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票

参考例句：

• They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。
• To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值，墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。

7 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

8 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

9 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

10 analysts   

分析家，化验员( analyst的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• City analysts forecast huge profits this year. 伦敦金融分析家预测今年的利润非常丰厚。
• I was impressed by the high calibre of the researchers and analysts. 研究人员和分析人员的高素质给我留下了深刻印象。

11 plural   

n.复数；复数形式；adj.复数的

参考例句：

• Most plural nouns in English end in's '.英语的复数名词多以s结尾。
• Here you should use plural pronoun.这里你应该用复数代词。