VOA慢速英语2016 血液检查可以显示脑震荡伤害

Blood Test Shows Concussion¹ Injury 血液检查可以显示脑震荡伤害

A new blood test can tell doctors whether a person has suffered a concussion up to a week after he or she was injured. 

一种新型的血液检查可以帮助医生分辨出病人在受伤的一周以内有没有得上脑震荡。

A study describing the test was published in the journal² JAMA Neurology.

一篇关于该种血液检查的论文在《美国医学会神经学期刊》上发表了。

People who suffer a head injury should rest soon after they are hurt.Doctors say rest is important in helping³ the brain to heal⁴ after the injury.

遭遇头部损伤的人应该在受伤后马上休息。医生说这对大脑修复很有帮助。

Individuals who have suffered a concussion do not always show symptoms.Experts say those warning signs can be delayed, especially in children.

脑震荡的发生并不总是伴随症状。专家说，这样的警示信号总是被忽略，尤其是在孩子们身上。

A concussion can lead to a feeling of dizziness, headaches and an inability to sleep.These problems can exist for a long time.

脑震荡可能会引起头晕、头痛和失眠。这些问题会持续很长时间。

Some concussion patients have experienced⁵ loss of memory, trouble thinking and feelings of anxiety.

一些脑震荡的患者经历过记忆或思考困难以及焦虑。

Doctors at Orlando Health System in Florida developed the new blood test.It shows if a biomarker is present in a person’s blood.

佛罗里达州奥兰多卫生系统的医生开发出了这种新型的血液检查。它检查的是病人的血液中有没有一种生物标志物。

The biomarker is called glial fibrillary acidic protein, or GFAP.The protein is only found in the brain and nervous system after a person suffers a concussion.

这种生物标志物的名字叫作神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白，简称GFAP。该物质只会在脑震荡之后的大脑和神经系统中出现。

Researchers examined the blood of 600 patients.They found the biomarker in the blood of those who had suffered a head injury.

研究人员检测了600名患者的血液。他们在曾经有过头部损伤的患者血液中检出了该物质。

Concussion is a common injury in contact sports.A blood test soon after a head injury could show if an athlete has suffered a concussion.Without the test, sports team officials may not know whether the player has a concussion and may return him or her to the game.

脑震荡是一种在有身体接触的运动项目中常有的损伤。头部受伤之后立刻进行血检，就能看出运动员有没有得脑震荡。如果不做这个检测，运动队的领队们就没法知道某人有脑震荡，进而让他/她回去接着比赛。

Words in This Story

concussion – n. an injury to the brain that is caused by something hitting the head very hard

symptom – n. a change in the body or mind which indicates that a disease⁶ is present

dizziness – n. the act of being dizzy -- feeling that you are turning around in circles and are going to fall even though you are standing⁷ still

anxiety - n. fear or nervousness about what might happen

1 concussion   

n.脑震荡；震动

参考例句：

• He was carried off the field with slight concussion.他因轻微脑震荡给抬离了现场。
• She suffers from brain concussion.她得了脑震荡。

2 journal   

n.日志，日记；议事录；日记帐；杂志，定期刊物

参考例句：

• He kept a journal during his visit to Japan.他在访问日本期间坚持记日记。
• He got a job as editor of a trade journal.他找到了一份当商业杂志编辑的工作。

3 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

4 heal   

v.使愈合，治愈，使康复；平息(争吵等)；消除，解决(分支等)

参考例句：

• Time helped heal the old wounds.时间有助于治愈旧创伤。
• This wound will soon heal if yon keep it clean.如果你保持伤口清洁，它很快就会痊愈。

5 experienced   

adj.有经验的；经验丰富的，熟练的

参考例句：

• Experienced seamen will advise you about sailing in this weather.有经验的海员会告诉你在这种天气下的航行情况。
• Perhaps you and I had better change over;you are more experienced.也许我们的工作还是对换一下好，你比我更有经验。

6 disease   

n.疾病，弊端

参考例句：

• The doctors are trying to stamp out the disease.医生正在尽力消灭这种疾病。
• He fought against the disease for a long time.他同疾病做了长时间的斗争。

7 standing   

n.持续，地位；adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

• After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。
• They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。