安东尼福奇由博士:美国抗击传染病斗士

Dr. Anthony Fauci: America’s Man on Infectious Diseases 安东尼福奇由博士:美国抗击传染病斗士

His name is Dr. Anthony S. Fauci. Some Americans may never have heard of him, but his work affects tens of millions of people. Fauci is the United States’ top doctor when it comes to infectious diseases.

He leads the National Institute of Allergy¹ and Infectious Diseases at the United States National Institutes of Health. It investigates emerging diseases like Zika and Ebola. It also leads research into diseases HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis² and malaria³ and allergies⁴.

Fauci studied at Cornell University Medical College. He then completed his internship⁵ and residency there.

Dr. Fauci says he likes talking about science to the general public in a way they can understand why it is important to support it. Fauci says it was his education at a Catholic high school in New York that influenced him to consider a career in healthcare.

“Well, I was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. My father is a pharmacist, so I had some exposure to the health issue, but I don’t think that was the major thing leading me in to medicine. It was mostly training in high school and college by the Jesuits, who taught humanities, classics, Greek, Latin. So I became much more of a humanitarian⁶-type person than a scientific-type person. So, I figured the best way to combine an aptitude⁷ toward science with a desire to do something that strongly that relates to people and taking care of people, you put all of those things together and you come up with the field of medicine, in my mind.”

In 1968, Fauci came to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) as a clinical associate in the Laboratory of Clinical Investigation⁸ in NIAID. Since then he has held many important positions, including chief of the Laboratory of Immunoregulation, a position he still holds.

Dr. Fauci also has made many contributions to basic and clinical research on the pathogenesis and treatment of immune-mediated and infectious diseases.

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome⁹ or (AIDS), in particular, is one of those infectious diseases.

Just as AIDS was beginning to kill thousands of young men across the country, Dr. Fauci was there doing research at NIH. He helped change rules in order to approve drugs for the virus and the disease. In time, these new treatments turned HIV/AIDS into a manageable condition. An HIV or AIDS diagnosis¹⁰ was no longer a death sentence.

“When we first got involved in studying what turned out to be AIDS, we didn’t even know what the agent is that caused AIDS. All of the research that was funded by the NIH and our collaborators and people down here have led everything from the identification of the agent, the development of diagnostics, to the combinations of drugs that we now have that can actually get a person with AIDS or HIV infection to live, essentially¹¹, a normal lifespan. That’s one of the most impressive medical advances in the history of medicine.”

Dr. Fauci is the recipient¹² of many awards. President George W. Bush presented him with the nation’s highest civilian¹³ honor, the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Bush said Fauci’s work on AIDS in Africa reached millions of people, “preventing HIV infections in infants and easing suffering and bringing dying communities back to life.”

“One of the moments, among the few, and I'll just mention a few, that I’m most proud of in my life, my role as the director of an institute that funds most of the research in infectious diseases and the drive toward the development to what now turns out to be lifesaving therapies for a number of diseases, but particularly HIV/AIDS.

"We’ve also developed a number of vaccines¹⁴ against very important diseases. And importantly, in 2002, President George W. Bush asked me to go to Africa to see if I could put together a program that would provide life-saving interventions¹⁵ in HIV, a program which ultimately came to be known as the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, or PEPFAR, which already has been responsible for saving several million lives in the developing world.”

Words In This Story

institute – n. an organization created for a particular purpose (such as research or education)

allergy – n. a medical condition that causes someone to become sick after eating, touching¹⁶, or breathing something that is harmless to most people

internship – n. a temporary position to provide practical on-the-job experience

pharmacist- n. a person whose job is to prepare and sell drugs and medicines that a doctor prescribes to patients

exposure – n. experience of something

Jesuits –n. a man who is a member of a religious group called the Roman Catholic Society of Jesus

humanities [plural]- n. areas of study that relate to human life and ideas

humanitarian – ?n. a person who works to make other people’s lives better

aptitude – n. a natural ability to do something or learn something

pathogenesis – n. the development of a disease

immune – adj. not influenced or affected¹⁷ by something

collaborators – n. a person who works with another person or group in order to achieve or do something

impressive – ?adj. deserving, attention, admiration, or respect

1 allergy   

n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症

参考例句：

• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
• The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。

2 tuberculosis   

n.结核病，肺结核

参考例句：

• People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
• Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。

3 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

4 allergies   

n.[医]过敏症；[口]厌恶，反感；（对食物、花粉、虫咬等的）过敏症( allergy的名词复数 )；变态反应，变应性

参考例句：

• Food allergies can result in an enormous variety of different symptoms. 食物过敏会引发很多不同的症状。 来自辞典例句
• Let us, however, examine one of the most common allergies; hayfever. 现在让我们来看看最常见的变态反应的一种--枯草热。 来自辞典例句

5 internship   

n.实习医师，实习医师期

参考例句：

• an internship at a television station 在电视台的实习期
• a summer internship with a small stipend 薪水微薄的暑期实习

6 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

7 aptitude   

n.(学习方面的)才能，资质，天资

参考例句：

• That student has an aptitude for mathematics.那个学生有数学方面的天赋。
• As a child,he showed an aptitude for the piano.在孩提时代，他显露出对于钢琴的天赋。

8 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

9 syndrome   

n.综合病症；并存特性

参考例句：

• The Institute says that an unidentified virus is to blame for the syndrome. 该研究所表示,引起这种综合症的是一种尚未确认的病毒。
• Results indicated that 11 fetuses had Down syndrome. 结果表明有11个胎儿患有唐氏综合征。

10 diagnosis   

n.诊断，诊断结果，调查分析，判断

参考例句：

• His symptoms gave no obvious pointer to a possible diagnosis.他的症状无法作出明确的诊断。
• The engineer made a complete diagnosis of the bridge's collapse.工程师对桥的倒塌做一次彻底的调查分析。

11 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

12 recipient   

a.接受的,感受性强的 n.接受者,感受者,容器

参考例句：

• Please check that you have a valid email certificate for each recipient. 请检查是否对每个接收者都有有效的电子邮件证书。
• Colombia is the biggest U . S aid recipient in Latin America. 哥伦比亚是美国在拉丁美洲最大的援助对象。

13 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

14 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

15 interventions   

n.介入，干涉，干预( intervention的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Economic analysis of government interventions deserves detailed discussion. 政府对经济的干预应该给予充分的论述。 来自辞典例句
• The judge's frequent interventions made a mockery of justice. 法官的屡屡干预是对正义的践踏。 来自互联网

16 touching   

adj.动人的，使人感伤的

参考例句：

• It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
• His letter was touching.他的信很感人。

17 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。