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VOA慢速英语2017 US Official: We Have the Tools to End AIDS Now

时间:2017-12-02 15:59来源:互联网 提供网友:nan   字体: [ ]
    (单词翻译:双击或拖选)

 

Friday, December 1st marks the 30th World AIDS Day.

这个周五的12月1日是第三十届世界艾滋病日。

One aim of the event is to show support for people living with HIV, the virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome1, or AIDS. Another aim is to remember the people who have died from conditions related to AIDS.

该活动的目标之一是向艾滋病毒感染者表达支持,这种病毒会引起获得性免疫缺陷,也就是我们常说的艾滋病。另一个目标是纪念那些死于艾滋病相关疾病的人们。

Since 1984, about 35 million people have died from HIV and AIDS-related diseases. This number makes "it one of the most destructive pandemics in history," according to the World AIDS Day website.

自1984年以来,大约有3500万人死于艾滋病相关疾病。根据世界艾滋病日网站报道,这个数字使得它成为历史上最具破坏性的流行病之一。

The Joint2 United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, or UNAIDS, released a report before the World Day observances on Friday.

联合国艾滋病规划署在周五的世界艾滋病日活动前发布了一份报告。

The report noted3 progress in containing HIV. It said 21 million people who have the virus are getting treatment. That number is more than half of all people living with HIV.

报告指出了遏制艾滋病方面取得的进展。报告声称有2100万艾滋病毒感染者正在接受治疗。这一数字超过了所有艾滋病毒感染者数量的一半。

The UN's goal is to end the AIDS pandemic by 2030.

联合国的目标是在2030年之前消灭艾滋病这种传染病。

American Anthony Fauci has been working in the fight against AIDS since the 1980's. At that time, an HIV infection was considered a death sentence. Now people with the virus can expect to have a normal life if they get treatment.

美国人安东尼·福奇(Anthony Fauci)从上世纪80年代起一直从事对抗艾滋病方面的工作。当时,感染艾滋病被视为判了死刑。现在的感染者如果得到治疗就有望过上正常的生活。

Fauci heads the National Institute of Allergy4 and Infectious Diseases at the United States government’s National Institutes of Health. He says that we have "the ability to end the pandemic as we know it."

福奇负责美国国家卫生研究院下属的国家过敏和传染病研究所。他说,我们有能力消除这种传染病。

"What I mean is that we have extraordinarily5 effective drugs. But recently those drugs have been shown – over the past few years – not only to save lives of the people who take the drugs, but also to bring the level of virus in an infected person so low, below detectable6 level, that it makes it virtually impossible for that person to transmit the virus to someone else."

他说:“我的意思是我们有非常有效的药物。但是最近这些药物已经被证实,在过去几年里它不仅挽救了那些服用药物者的性命,还把感染者的病毒水平降到了如此之低,低于可检测到的水平。这使得感染者几乎不可能将这种病毒传染给他人。”

However, people taking medications face the same problems as anyone else who takes medicines on a daily basis.

然而,服药者也面临着其它每日服药者相同的问题。

Not everyone remembers to take their medications, and doctors’ prescriptions8 often need to be renewed.

不是每个人都记得服药,同时医生的处方通常需要更新。

Sixteen million people infected with HIV are not getting treatment. Many in this group do not know they have the disease, so they continue to spread the virus. Some of them are lacking in healthcare, so they don't get tested.

还有1600万艾滋病毒感染者没有得到治疗。这群人中有很多人不知道他们患上了艾滋病,所以他们继续在传播病毒。其中一些人缺乏医疗保健,所以他们没有被检测出来。

UNAIDS reports that some 1.8 million people became infected with HIV in 2016. That estimate is 39 percent lower than the number of newly-infected people in the late 1990s.

联合国艾滋病规划署报告称,2016年约有180万人感染了艾滋病毒,比上世纪90年代末的新感染人数降低了39%。

In African countries south of the Sahara Desert, new HIV infections have fallen by 48 percent since 2000.

在撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲国家,自2000年以来,新感染艾滋病毒者降低了48%。

However, the report notes that new HIV infections in Eastern Europe and Central Asia have risen by 60 percent since 2010. In addition, AIDS-related deaths have increased by 27 percent.

然而,该报告指出,自2010年以来,东欧和中亚国家的艾滋病新感染人数上涨了60%。此外,艾滋病相关死亡人数增加了27%。

Even with the tools we have, Fauci does not see an end to the AIDS pandemic without an HIV vaccine9.

即使有了我们现在所拥有的治疗手段,福奇也不认为没有艾滋病疫苗就能消除艾滋病这种传染病。

Several years ago, researchers tested an experimental AIDS vaccine in Thailand. That vaccine was 31 percent effective.

几年前,研究人员在泰国测试了一种实验性的艾滋病疫苗,它的有效率是31%。

By comparison, the measles10 vaccine protects up to 99 percent of those who get vaccinated11.

相比之下,麻疹疫苗可以保护高达99%的接种人群。

Fauci told VOA he is not sure if scientists can develop an AIDS vaccine that would be as effective. But he adds that even a vaccine with 50 or 60 percent effectiveness combined with other measures "could turn around the trajectory12 of the epidemic13 and essentially14 end it as we know it."

福奇对美国之音表示,他不确定科学家是否能够开发出一种同样这么有效的艾滋病疫苗。但他补充说,即使疫苗有效率只有50%或60%,但是结合其它措施,也能扭转疫情的发展轨迹并基本消灭它。

Another vaccine trial is taking place in South Africa. The results will not be available until 2019 at the earliest, and there is no way of telling if that vaccine will be good enough to help end AIDS.

另一项疫苗试验正在南非进行,结果最早要到2019年才能出来,并且没有办法证实这种疫苗是否足以帮助消灭艾滋病。

For now, testing, anti-AIDS drugs, and changes in behavior are three tools to limit the spread of AIDS, according to UNAIDS.

根据联合国规划署的报道,目前而言,检测、抗艾滋病药物以及改变行为是限制艾滋病传播的三种手段。

Behavioral change includes limiting the number of sexual partners, using clean needles and syringes, and using condoms during sexual activity.

行为改变包括限制性伴侣数量,使用清洁的针头和注射器,以及在性行为中使用安全套。

Both Fauci and UNAIDS say ending AIDS is up to the world community – and how much effort and money it is willing to use toward the goal.

福奇和联合国艾滋病规划署都表示, 消除艾滋病取决于国际社会以及他们愿意为实现这一目标付出多少努力和金钱。

I'm John Russell.

Words in This Story

pandemic – n. a situation in which a disease spreads very quickly and affects a large number of people over a wide area

according – adv. as stated by or in

detectable – adj. capable of being discovered or noticed

transmit – v. to cause (a virus or disease) to be given to others

medication – n. a substance used in treating disease or easing pain

prescription7 – n. written directions for use of a medicine

trajectory – n. the curved path along which something (such as a rocket) moves through the air or through space -- often used figuratively to describe a process of change or development that leads toward a particular result

needle – n. a very thin, pointed15 steel tube that is pushed through the skin so that something (such as a drug) can be put into your body or so that blood or other fluids can be taken from it

condom – n. a thin rubber covering that a man wears during sex to prevent a woman from becoming pregnant or to prevent the spread of diseases


点击收听单词发音收听单词发音  

1 syndrome uqBwu     
n.综合病症;并存特性
参考例句:
  • The Institute says that an unidentified virus is to blame for the syndrome. 该研究所表示,引起这种综合症的是一种尚未确认的病毒。
  • Results indicated that 11 fetuses had Down syndrome. 结果表明有11个胎儿患有唐氏综合征。
2 joint m3lx4     
adj.联合的,共同的;n.关节,接合处;v.连接,贴合
参考例句:
  • I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤,肩膀脫臼了。
  • We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。
3 noted 5n4zXc     
adj.著名的,知名的
参考例句:
  • The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
  • Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。
4 allergy 8Vpza     
n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症
参考例句:
  • He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
  • The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。
5 extraordinarily Vlwxw     
adv.格外地;极端地
参考例句:
  • She is an extraordinarily beautiful girl.她是个美丽非凡的姑娘。
  • The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.那天清晨,大海出奇地宁静。
6 detectable tuXzmd     
adj.可发觉的;可查明的
参考例句:
  • The noise is barely detectable by the human ear.人的耳朵几乎是察觉不到这种噪音的。
  • The inflection point at this PH is barely detectable.在此PH值下,拐点不易发现。
7 prescription u1vzA     
n.处方,开药;指示,规定
参考例句:
  • The physician made a prescription against sea- sickness for him.医生给他开了个治晕船的药方。
  • The drug is available on prescription only.这种药只能凭处方购买。
8 prescriptions f0b231c0bb45f8e500f32e91ec1ae602     
药( prescription的名词复数 ); 处方; 开处方; 计划
参考例句:
  • The hospital of traditional Chinese medicine installed a computer to fill prescriptions. 中医医院装上了电子计算机来抓药。
  • Her main job was filling the doctor's prescriptions. 她的主要工作就是给大夫开的药方配药。
9 vaccine Ki1wv     
n.牛痘苗,疫苗;adj.牛痘的,疫苗的
参考例句:
  • The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
  • She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。
10 measles Bw8y9     
n.麻疹,风疹,包虫病,痧子
参考例句:
  • The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
  • The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。
11 vaccinated 8f16717462e6e6db3389d0f736409983     
[医]已接种的,种痘的,接种过疫菌的
参考例句:
  • I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
  • Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗?
12 trajectory fJ1z1     
n.弹道,轨道
参考例句:
  • It is not difficult to sketch the subsequent trajectory.很容易描绘出它们最终的轨迹。
  • The path followed by a projectile is called its trajectory.抛物体所循的路径称为它的轨道。
13 epidemic 5iTzz     
n.流行病;盛行;adj.流行性的,流传极广的
参考例句:
  • That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
  • The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。
14 essentially nntxw     
adv.本质上,实质上,基本上
参考例句:
  • Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
  • She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。
15 pointed Il8zB4     
adj.尖的,直截了当的
参考例句:
  • He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
  • She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。
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