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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
VOA Learning English presents America’s Presidents.
本期美国之音慢速英语向大家介绍美国的总统。
Today we are talking about Donald Trump. He was elected in 2016. Because his presidency2 is so new, this program will not discuss his time in office.
今天我们来说说川普。他于2016年当选美国总统。因为任职时间太短，所以这期节目不会讨论他的执政时期。
Instead, it will discuss his early life.
相反，我们将会讨论他早年的生活。
And it will note a few ways that Trump’s background is unusual compared to most U.S. presidents.
同时节目也会从几个不同方面指出川普的背景与大多数美国总统相比颇不寻常。
Early life
早期生活
Donald Trump was born in Queens, a borough3 of New York City. He was the fourth child. He had two brothers and two sisters.
川普出生在纽约市的皇后区。他是家中第四个孩子，他有两个兄弟和两个姐妹。
His mother had been born in Scotland. His father, whose relatives were German, became a successful businessman in New York.
他的母亲出生在苏格兰。他父亲的亲戚全是德国人，他父亲成为了纽约市一位成功的商人。
Donald and his two brothers helped their father in the family business. At the time, the business was called Elizabeth Trump and Son, after his grandmother and father. The work related to building, buying, and managing property.
川普和他的两位兄弟帮助父亲经营家族企业。当时，该企业以他的祖母及父亲的名字命名Elizabeth Trump and Son。他们的工作内容涉及建筑、采购以及管理财产。
By his own telling, young Donald often created trouble in school. So when he was 13 years old, his parents sent him to a military-style school.
据他自己所言，小川普经常在学校惹麻烦。所以当他13岁时，他的父母将他送到了一所军事化管理的学校。
Donald said that, for the most part, he enjoyed the experience. Other students there remembered him as a good baseball player, as popular with girls, and as someone who wanted to succeed.
川普表示，他喜欢在该校的大部分经历。那里的其他学生记得他是一位优秀的棒球运动员，很受女生欢迎，并且也是一位想要成功的人士。
Trump went on to college first at Fordham University in New York, and then at the University of Pennsylvania. He earned a degree in economics.
川普继续上了大学，他首先进入了纽约市的福特汉姆大学，然后又进入了宾西法尼亚大学。他获得了经济学学位。
He was also already investing in real estate. After he graduated, Trump quickly returned to New York City and his career.
当时他也已经开始投资房地产。在毕业后，川普很快回到了纽约并再次进入他的职业生涯。
In time, he became the head of the family business. He re-named it the Trump Organization. As its president, Trump developed and put his name on luxury buildings, casinos, hotels, and golf courses around the world.
最终，他成为了家族企业的负责人。他将其更名为川普集团。作为总裁，川普开发了豪华建筑、赌场、酒店以及世界各地的高尔夫球场并以川普这一名字命名。
Later, he became linked to the entertainment industry, too. He became a part owner of beauty pageants4, hosted a television show, and wrote a book about how to succeed in business.
后来他还跟娱乐业联系到了一起。他成为了选美大赛的股东，主持了电视节目，并撰写了一本如何在生意上取得成功的书籍。
During these years, Trump also married three times and divorced twice. The media wrote especially about his first and second marriages because he openly had a relationship with his second wife while he was married to his first.
在这些年里，川普还结了三次婚，并离了两次婚。媒体特别提到了他第一次和第二次婚姻，因为他在跟第一任婚姻存续期间与第二任妻子公开保持关系。
In 2005, he married Melania Knauss, a former model from Slovenia. She is only the second first lady who was not born in the United States. The first was Louisa Adams, who came from Britain in 1801.
2005年，他迎娶了梅拉尼娅·努斯（Melania Knauss）这位来自斯洛文尼亚的前模特。她是第二位出生在美国以外的第一夫人。第一位是1801年从英国来的路易莎·亚当斯（Louisa Adams）。
All together, Trump has three sons and two daughters.
川普一共有三个儿子和两个女儿。
Because Trump has been a public figure for most of his life, many Americans were familiar with him before he ran for president.
因为川普一生中大部分时间都是公众人物，很多美国人在他竞选总统之前就很熟悉他了。
To some, he is linked to success in business and branding.
对一些人来说，他与企业以及品牌的成功有关。
To others, notes journalist Jackie Calmes, he is linked to debt and legal battles.
记者Jackie Calmes指出，对另一些人来说，他与债务和官司有关。
But, until he officially entered the 2016 campaign as a Republican candidate, few linked him to politics.
但是，在他作为共和党候选人正式进入2016年大选之前，很少人把他和政治联系起来。
Trump is unusual among past presidents in that he had never worked in the government before. Nor has Trump served in the military. Only Presidents Taylor, Grant, and Eisenhower had no previous government experience; however, they had all been generals.
川普与以往的总统不同，因为他此前从未在政府任职，也没有在军队中服过役。只有泰勒、格兰特和艾森豪威尔没有任何政府工作经验，然而他们都是将军。
During the campaign for president, other candidates spent money to buy advertising5. But Trump spread his message on free television, radio and social media.
在总统竞选期间，其他候选人花钱购买广告，但是川普在免费电视、广播以及社交媒体上传播他的信息。
Trump won the Republican nomination6 over 16 candidates. He went on to defeat Democratic nominee7 Hillary Clinton to win the presidency.
川普战胜了16位候选人赢得了共和党提名，然后又击败了民主党提名人希拉里赢得总统职位。
Trump is the oldest person ever to take office. He was 70 years old when he was sworn in.
川普是历任总统中年纪最大的。他宣誓就职时已经70岁了。
He is also one of the richest.
他也是最富有的总统之一。
And Trump is unusual in how he communicates with the public. As president, he continues to use Twitter to communicate his thoughts directly to anyone who wants to follow him.
而且川普在同公众沟通方面也是不寻常的。作为总统，他继续使用推特直接向任何关注他的人传达他的想法。
Many earlier presidents also used changes in technology to interact with the public. Woodrow Wilson was the first to hold press conferences regularly with reporters. Franklin Roosevelt famously spoke8 to Americans on the radio. John F. Kennedy – and later Richard Nixon – are credited with using television to their advantage.
之前很多总统也利用科技变革同公众互动。伍德罗·威尔逊（Woodrow Wilson）是第一位定期召开记者招待会的总统。富兰克林·罗斯福（Franklin Roosevelt）在电台上与美国民众交流。约翰·F.肯尼迪（John F. Kennedy）以及后来的理查德·尼克松（Richard Nixon）都被认为将电视作为他们的优势。
But these episodes were often planned in advance. Trump has said he likes Twitter because he can share his thoughts immediately. And, he adds, the media and the public respond immediately, too.
但是这些事件通常都是预先安排好的。川普说他喜欢推特，因为他可以立即分享他的想法。而且，媒体和公众也会立即作出回应。
While the long-term effects of Trump’s presidency are not yet known, he will likely be remembered in part for his direct and unscripted style of communication.
虽然川普总统任期的长远影响尚不得而知，但他可能会被记住，部分原因就是他直接和没有底稿的交流方式。
I’m Kelly Jean Kelly.
Words in This Story
borough - n. one of the five political divisions of New York City
model - n. someone who is paid to wear clothing and jewelry9 so that people will see and want to buy what is being worn
branding - n. promoting a product or service by linking it with a name
debt - n. money that is owed
broadcast - v. made public
unscripted - adj. not written or planned at an earlier time
收听单词发音 |
1
trump
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| n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭 | |
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presidency
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| n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期) | |
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borough
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| n.享有自治权的市镇；(英)自治市镇 | |
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4
pageants
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| n.盛装的游行( pageant的名词复数 )；穿古代服装的游行；再现历史场景的娱乐活动；盛会 | |
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advertising
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| n.广告业；广告活动 a.广告的；广告业务的 | |
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nomination
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| n.提名，任命，提名权 | |
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nominee
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| n.被提名者；被任命者；被推荐者 | |
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8
spoke
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| n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说 | |
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jewelry
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| n.（jewllery）（总称）珠宝 | |
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