VOA慢速英语2018 美国进入记者遇难人数最多的国家名单

US Included on List of Deadliest Countries for Journalists

The number of journalists killed worldwide for their work nearly doubled this year. That information comes from a new report by the Committee to Protect Journalists.

今年全球范围内因工作被杀害的记者人数几乎翻了一倍，这一信息来自于保护记者委员会的最新报告。

The New York-based group reported that 34 journalists were killed because of their work as of December 14, while at least 53 were killed in all. That compares to 18 retaliation¹ killings³ among the 47 deaths confirmed by the committee in 2017.

这家总部位于纽约的组织报告称，截至12月14日，有34名记者因工作被杀害，同一时期一共有至少53名记者遇难。相比之下，该委员会2017年确认的47起记者死亡中只有18起是报复杀人。

The new report lists the name of Jamal Khashoggi, who wrote opinion pieces for The Washington Post. Khashoggi was a native of Saudi Arabia, but fiercely critical of its ruling family. He went missing on October 2 during a visit to Saudi Arabia's diplomatic offices in Istanbul. Turkish officials claim he was attacked and killed inside the consulate⁴.

这份新报告列出了贾马尔·哈苏吉（Jamal Khashoggi）的名字，他为《华盛顿邮报》撰写评论文章。哈苏吉是土生土长的沙特人，但是对该国的统治家族持批评态度。10月2日，他在造访沙特驻伊斯坦布尔外交办事处期间失踪。土耳其官员宣称他在领事馆内遇袭死亡。

U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo announced last week that the United States is still investigating the killing². However, the Central Intelligence Agency found that Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin⁵ Salman was involved in Khashoggi's murder.

美国国务卿迈克·蓬佩奥（Mike Pompeo）上周宣称美国仍在调查这起杀人事件。然而，美国中情局发现沙特王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼（Mohammed bin Salman）卷入了哈苏吉的谋杀案。

U.S. President Donald Trump⁶ has condemned⁷ the violence against journalists. Yet the committee noted⁸ that he has called some "enemies of the people."

美国总统川普谴责了对记者的暴力行为。然而该委员会指出，川普曾称一些记者是“人民的敌人”。

In addition to retaliation killings, media workers have died in armed conflicts or on dangerous reporting assignments. The deadliest country for journalists in 2018 has been Afghanistan, where 13 journalists were killed, the report said. Some died from suicide bombers⁹ whose actions were claimed by the militant¹⁰ group Islamic State.

除了报复杀人外，媒体工作者还在武装冲突或危险的报道任务中丧生。该报告称，2018年记者遇害人数最多的国家是阿富汗，有13名记者丧命于此。其中一些人死于自杀式炸弹袭击者，激进组织伊斯兰国宣称对他们的行为负责。

Media rights group Reporters Without Borders noted that the United States made it into the top five deadliest countries for journalists this year for the very first time.

媒体权利组织“记者无国界”指出，美国今年首次成为记者遇害人数最多的五个国家之一。

Six journalists were killed nationwide. They included four who were among five people killed by a gunman who attacked the offices of Maryland's Capitol Gazette newspaper on June 28. The shooting was the deadliest single attack on the media in recent U.S. history. The man had lost a defamation¹¹ case against the newspaper.

有6名记者在全美国范围内被害，其中包括6月28日枪手袭击马里兰州《首都新闻报》办公室杀害的5人中的4人。这次枪击事件是美国历史上针对媒体机构最致命的一起单一袭击事件。这名男子在起诉该报的诽谤案中落败。

Two other journalists died while reporting on extreme weather conditions.

另外两名记者在报告极端天气状况时遇难。

In addition, the committee said the imprisonment¹² of journalists has been on the rise.

此外，该委员会表示，记者被关押人数一直在增加。

"Changes in technology...have allowed more people to practice journalism," the committee said. It added that the same technology has made journalists less important to criminal groups who once needed the media to spread their message.

该委员会表示：“技术变革让更多人能够从事新闻工作。”该委员会补充表示，此等技术使得记者对曾经需要媒体传播其信息的犯罪集团来说不再那么重要。

Time magazine last week recognized jailed and killed journalists as its "person of the year." By name, they included Khashoggi and workers at the Maryland newspaper. The other honorees were reporters Wa Lone¹³ and Kyaw Soe Oo, jailed in Myanmar, and Maria Ressa, held in the Philippines.

《时代》杂志上周评选被监禁及杀害的记者为该杂志的“年度人物”。按名字，他们包括哈苏吉以及马里兰州报社员工。其他获奖者还包括缅甸被监禁的记者Wa Lone和Kyaw Soe Oo，以及被关押在菲律宾的Maria Ressa。

Journalists have died this year in Slovakia, where 27-year-old reporter Jan Kuciak was shot while investigating suspected corruption¹⁴.

今年斯洛伐克有记者遇难，27岁的记者Jan Kuciak在调查涉嫌腐败时被枪杀。

The committee said that at least four journalists were murdered in Mexico, two in Brazil and two Palestinian journalists were killed by Israeli soldiers during protests in the Gaza Strip.

该委员会表示，至少有4名记者在墨西哥遇害，2名记者在巴西遇害，还有2名巴勒斯坦记者在加沙地带的抗议期间被以色列士兵打死。

In Syria and Yemen, two countries with violent civil wars, the fewest journalists were killed since 2011. Three were killed in Yemen. In Syria, the committee recorded nine deaths compared to a high of 31 in 2012.

在发生暴力内战的叙利亚和也门，记者遇难人数创下2011年以来的最低。有3名记者在也门被杀。在叙利亚，该委员会记录有9人遇难，相比之下，2012年高达31人。

Words in This Story

journalist – n. the activity or job of collecting, writing, and producing stories for newspapers, television, or other medium

retaliation – n. to do something bad to someone who has hurt you or treated you badly; to do something to answer an action

assignment – n. a duty or job; the act of asking someone to do something

defamation – n. the act of saying false things in order to make people have a bad opinion of someone or something

allow – v. to permit; to let

practice – v. to carry out; to perform

1 retaliation   

n.报复，反击

参考例句：

• retaliation against UN workers 对联合国工作人员的报复
• He never said a single word in retaliation. 他从未说过一句反击的话。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

3 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

4 consulate   

n.领事馆

参考例句：

• The Spanish consulate is the large white building opposite the bank.西班牙领事馆是银行对面的那栋高大的白色建筑物。
• The American consulate was a magnificent edifice in the centre of Bordeaux.美国领事馆是位于波尔多市中心的一座宏伟的大厦。

5 bin   

n.箱柜；vt.放入箱内；[计算机] DOS文件名:二进制目标文件

参考例句：

• He emptied several bags of rice into a bin.他把几袋米倒进大箱里。
• He threw the empty bottles in the bin.他把空瓶子扔进垃圾箱。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

8 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

9 bombers   

n.轰炸机( bomber的名词复数 )；投弹手；安非他明胶囊；大麻叶香烟

参考例句：

• Enemy bombers carried out a blitz on the city. 敌军轰炸机对这座城市进行了突袭。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The Royal Airforce sill remained dangerously short of bombers. 英国皇家空军仍未脱离极为缺乏轰炸机的危境。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

11 defamation   

n.诽谤；中伤

参考例句：

• Character defamation can be either oral or written.人格诽谤既可以是口头的也可以是书面的。
• The company sued for defamation.这个公司因受到诽谤而提起诉讼。

12 imprisonment   

n.关押，监禁，坐牢

参考例句：

• His sentence was commuted from death to life imprisonment.他的判决由死刑减为无期徒刑。
• He was sentenced to one year's imprisonment for committing bigamy.他因为犯重婚罪被判入狱一年。

13 lone   

adj.孤寂的，单独的；唯一的

参考例句：

• A lone sea gull flew across the sky.一只孤独的海鸥在空中飞过。
• She could see a lone figure on the deserted beach.她在空旷的海滩上能看到一个孤独的身影。

14 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。