VOA慢速英语2018 阿尔茨海默氏症有望通过血液早期检测

Possible Blood Test for Alzheimer’s Shows Early Promise

Researchers in Japan and Australia say they have made progress in developing a blood test that could one day help doctors identify who might get Alzheimer’s disease.

日本和澳大利亚的研究人员表示，他们在开发一项血液检测方面已经取得了进展，有朝一日这种检测可以帮助医生确诊阿尔茨海默病。

The scientists said the test can recognize a protein known as amyloid beta, which other studies have linked to Alzheimer’s. They said it was correct more than 90 percent of the time in a study involving over 370 people.

这些科学家表示，它可以检测出一种被称之为淀粉样蛋白的蛋白质，其它研究将这种蛋白质跟阿尔茨海默病联系到了一起。他们表示，在一项涉及370多人的研究中，其正确率超过了90%。

The findings were published in the journal Nature.

这一发现发表在《自然》杂志上。

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia. Experts believe dementia affects close to 50-million people worldwide. By the year 2050, it is expected to affect more than 131 million people. Those numbers come from Alzheimer’s Disease International, a non-profit group.

阿尔茨海默病是一种最常见的痴呆形式。专家认为痴呆症影响到全球近5千万人口。到2050年，预计它将会影响超过1.31亿人口。这些数字出自于非营利性组织国际阿尔茨海默病协会。

Currently, doctors have two ways to identify a buildup of amyloid beta in the brain. One is a brain scan or brain imaging; the other is invasive cerebrospinal fluid testing, also known as a spinal¹ tap. But both tests are invasive, costly² and may only show results when the disease has already started to progress.

目前医生有两种办法来确诊大脑中β淀粉样蛋白的积聚。一种是大脑扫描或大脑成像，另一种是侵袭性脑脊髓液检查，也称之为脊髓液穿刺。但是这两种办法都是侵入性的，价格昂贵，而且只有在已经患病时才能显示出结果。

There is no treatment that can slow the progression of Alzheimer’s. Current drugs can only ease some of the effects of the disease.

目前没有任何治疗可以延缓阿尔茨海默病的发展，药物只能缓解这种疾病的一些影响。

Having a simple, low-cost blood test could make it easier for drug companies to find enough people who are at risk of developing Alzheimer’s to test new medicines, said Katsuhiko Yanagisawa. He was one of the leaders of the study. He works at the Japanese National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology.

Katsuhiko Yanagisawa表示，拥有一种简单、低成本的血液检测方法可以让制药公司更容易找到足够多存在患上老年痴呆症风险的人们来检测新药物。Katsuhiko Yanagisawa是这项研究的负责人之一，他在日本国立老年医学和病学中心工作。

Alzheimer’s disease is thought to start developing years before patients have any signs of memory loss. Experts say an important factor in finding an effective treatment will be the ability to recognize signs of the disease early.

据认为阿尔茨海默病在患者产生任何失忆迹象的几年前已经发病。专家们表示，找到有效治疗方法的一个重要因素就是能够及早识别出这种疾病的征兆。

“You have got to walk before you run,” said Colin Masters, a co-leader of the study and a professor at the University of Melbourne in Australia.

澳大利亚墨尔本大学教授及这项研究的联合负责人科林·马斯特斯（Colin Masters）表示：“我们必须得循序渐进。”

“You have to learn to diagnose the disease directly before you can hope to see the effect of therapeutic³ intervention⁴. And that’s where the real value in this test will come,” Masters added.

马斯特斯表示：“在我们想要看到治疗干预效果之前，必须先学会直接诊断这种疾病。而这就是这种血液检测真正的价值所在。”

The study involved 252 Australian and 121 Japanese patients. They were all between 60 and 90 years old.

该研究涉及了252名澳大利亚患者和121名日本患者。他们的年龄都在60到90岁之间。

Scientists not directly involved in the study said it made an important step, but now the findings need to be confirmed.

未直接参与这项研究的科学家们表示，这是重要的一步，但是这项发现目前尚需得到证实。

Mark Dallas is a teacher at Britain’s University of Reading. He said, “if (it) can be repeated in a larger number of people, this test will give us an insight into changes occurring in the brain that relate to Alzheimer’s disease."

马克·达拉斯（Mark Dallas）是英国雷丁大学的老师。他说：“如果它可以在大量人身上重复得到证实，那么这项检测就能让我们了解到与阿尔茨海默病有关的大脑变化。”

Abdul Hye works at King’s College London’s Institute of Psychiatry⁵, Psychology⁶ & Neuroscience. He said the blood test was still a long way from being able to be used in medical centers.

Abdul Hye就职于伦敦国王学院精神病学、心理学和神经学学院。他说，这种血液检测距离在医疗中心应用还有很长的路要走。

John Hardy⁷ is a professor of neuroscience at University College London. He said it was a “hopeful study,” one that could improve diagnostic accuracy.

John Hardy是伦敦大学学院的一名神经学教授。他说，这是一项“充满希望的研究，”它可以提高诊断的准确性。

I’m Bryan Lynn.

Words in This Story

factor – n. something that helps produce or influence a result

diagnose – v. to recognize signs of something

occur – v. to take place; to come into existence

positive – adj. good or useful

diagnostic – adj. of or relating to the identification of a disease or problem

accuracy – n. freedom from mistake

cerebrospinal – adj. involving the brain and spinal cord

1 spinal   

adj.针的，尖刺的，尖刺状突起的；adj.脊骨的，脊髓的

参考例句：

• After three days in Japan,the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.在日本三天，就已经使脊椎骨变得富有弹性了。
• Your spinal column is made up of 24 movable vertebrae.你的脊柱由24个活动的脊椎骨构成。

2 costly   

adj.昂贵的，价值高的，豪华的

参考例句：

• It must be very costly to keep up a house like this.维修这么一幢房子一定很昂贵。
• This dictionary is very useful,only it is a bit costly.这本词典很有用，左不过贵了些。

3 therapeutic   

adj.治疗的，起治疗作用的；对身心健康有益的

参考例句：

• Therapeutic measures were selected to fit the patient.选择治疗措施以适应病人的需要。
• When I was sad,music had a therapeutic effect.我悲伤的时候，音乐有治疗效力。

4 intervention   

n.介入，干涉，干预

参考例句：

• The government's intervention in this dispute will not help.政府对这场争论的干预不会起作用。
• Many people felt he would be hostile to the idea of foreign intervention.许多人觉得他会反对外来干预。

5 psychiatry   

n.精神病学，精神病疗法

参考例句：

• The study appeared in the Amercian science Journal of Psychiatry.这个研究发表在美国精神病学的杂志上。
• A physician is someone who specializes in psychiatry.精神病专家是专门从事精神病治疗的人。

6 psychology   

n.心理，心理学，心理状态

参考例句：

• She has a background in child psychology.她受过儿童心理学的教育。
• He studied philosophy and psychology at Cambridge.他在剑桥大学学习哲学和心理学。

7 hardy   

adj.勇敢的，果断的，吃苦的；耐寒的

参考例句：

• The kind of plant is a hardy annual.这种植物是耐寒的一年生植物。
• He is a hardy person.他是一个能吃苦耐劳的人。