VOA慢速英语2018 维C有助于治疗结核病

Could Vitamin C Help Fight Tuberculosis¹?

A new study suggests that a low-cost nutrient² could help drugs fight tuberculosis more effectively.

一项新研究表明，一种低成本的营养素可以帮助抗结核病药物发挥更好的功效。

The study found that anti-tuberculosis drugs killed more bacteria in laboratory mice when the mice received vitamin C.

研究发现，当实验室老鼠注射维生素C时后，其体内的抗结核药物会杀死更多细菌。

The authors say the findings could offer a low-cost, safe way to reduce the long treatment time for one of the world's deadliest diseases. They also say the vitamin supplement could offer a way to fight tuberculosis that is resistant³ to antibiotic⁴ drugs.

作者表示，该研究结果能够为全球最致命疾病（结核病）提供一种低成本、安全的途径并缩短长期治疗的时间。他们还指出，这种维生素补充剂能够抵抗对抗生素药物产生耐药性的结核病。

Tuberculosis, or TB, is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The World Health Organization says 1.7 million people died of the disease last year. About 600,000 cases were resistant to the leading drug out of more than 10 million new infections.

结核病（TB）是全球主要的死亡原因之一。世界卫生组织表示，去年170万人死于结核病。在1000多万的新感染病例中，约60万例对主要治疗药物产生了耐药性。

Antibiotic drugs attack TB bacteria, but a small number survive by going dormant⁵. If the patient stops taking the drug too soon, these dormant bacteria increase and the patient gets TB again. However, the new infection often is resistant to the drug.

抗生素类药物可杀死结核杆菌，不过一小部分细菌会潜伏在体内。如果患者过早停用药物，这些细菌就会繁殖，患者将再次感染结核病。然而，新出现的感染往往对药物产生耐药性。

Current TB treatment takes six months, largely to ensure the dormant bacteria die. But it is hard for patients to continue treatment for so long.

目前的结核病治疗需要6个月，主要是为了确保潜伏的细菌死亡。但是，患者很难连续接受长期治疗。

William Jacobs is a microbiologist at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York City. Jacobs and other researchers discovered by accident that antioxidants, like vitamin C, stopped tuberculosis bacteria in a test tube from becoming dormant

威廉·雅各布斯（William Jacobs）是纽约阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦医学院的微生物学家。他和其他研究人员偶然发现，维生素C等抗氧化剂可以阻止试管中的结核菌进入潜伏状态。

"When we first discovered it, it was like, 'Wow! There's just so much we don't know yet. And wouldn't that be really cool if it really works," Jacobs said.

“我们第一次发现时，‘哇！真是大千世界无奇不有。如果（维生素C）真的奏效，那岂不是完美！”雅各布斯说道。

The study was published in the journal Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.

这项研究发表在《抗菌药物和化学疗法》杂志上。

Jacobs and other researchers treated TB-infected mice with two standard drugs in the study.

雅各布斯和其他研究人员用两种标准药物治疗感染结核病的实验老鼠。

One group of mice received a large amount of vitamin C. A second group did not.

其中一组老鼠注射了大量维生素c，另外一组并未注射。

The researchers found that the mice treated with vitamin C had about ten times fewer bacteria in their lungs after several weeks than mice treated with drugs alone.

数周后，研究人员发现接受过维生素C的老鼠，其肺内的细菌数量比仅用药物治疗的老鼠少十倍。

"It's not sterilization⁶ yet," he added, "but it's heading in that direction."

他指出，“虽然细菌还没有完全消灭，但我们正朝着那个方向发展。”

However, the researchers have not carried out a similar test on humans.

然而，研究人员并未进行人体临床实验。

"The bottom line is that we don't know the answer," Jacobs said. "But I think what this study suggests is we should really go and find out."

“关键是我们不知道答案，”雅各布斯说。“我认为，这项研究表明，我们真的应该尝试一下。”

Other experts not connected to the study agreed.

其他未参与该研究的专家也表示认可。

There has been very little research on vitamin C and TB. However, it is "a safe compound, it's widely available, it's inexpensive," noted⁷ David Alland. He is associate dean of clinical research at Rutgers New Jersey⁸ Medical School.

大卫·艾伦指出，关于维生素C与结核病的研究屈指可数。不过，维生素C是“一种广泛使用的安全化合物，而且物美价廉”。他是罗格斯新泽西医学院临床研究的副院长。

"I think that when we have those kinds of options to look at, we should look at them without having to spend decades trying to figure out exactly how they work."

“我认为，既然有这些选择，我们应该尝试一下，而不是浪费数十年光阴分析到底是如何起作用的。”

If the vitamin C treatment works, Alland said it would increase the effectiveness of the drug at very little cost. "You'd get a big bang for your buck," he said.

艾伦表示，如果维生素C的治疗有效，那么可以用极低成本提高药物的有效性。“何乐而不为呢？”他说道。

1 tuberculosis   

n.结核病，肺结核

参考例句：

• People used to go to special health spring to recover from tuberculosis.人们常去温泉疗养胜地治疗肺结核。
• Tuberculosis is a curable disease.肺结核是一种可治愈的病。

2 nutrient   

adj.营养的，滋养的；n.营养物，营养品

参考例句：

• Magnesium is the nutrient element in plant growth.镁是植物生长的营养要素。
• The roots transmit moisture and nutrient to the trunk and branches.根将水分和养料输送到干和枝。

3 resistant   

adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的

参考例句：

• Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
• They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。

4 antibiotic   

adj.抗菌的；n.抗生素

参考例句：

• The doctor said that I should take some antibiotic.医生说我应该服些用抗生素。
• Antibiotic can be used against infection.抗菌素可以用来防止感染。

5 dormant   

adj.暂停活动的；休眠的；潜伏的

参考例句：

• Many animals are in a dormant state during winter.在冬天许多动物都处于睡眠状态。
• This dormant volcano suddenly fired up.这座休眠火山突然爆发了。

6 sterilization   

n.杀菌，绝育；灭菌

参考例句：

• Sterilization by filtration is subject to one major theoretical limitation. 过滤灭菌具有一个理论上的局限性。 来自辞典例句
• Sterilization is a treatment that frees the treated object of all living organisms. 灭菌处理是从处理对象排除一切生活的生物。 来自辞典例句

7 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

8 jersey   

n.运动衫

参考例句：

• He wears a cotton jersey when he plays football.他穿运动衫踢足球。
• They were dressed alike in blue jersey and knickers.他们穿着一致，都是蓝色的运动衫和灯笼短裤。