VOA慢速英语2018 挪威将斥资数百万美元升级北极种子库

Norway to Invest¹ Millions to Improve Arctic² Seed Vault³

Norway has announced it will spend 100 million Norwegian crowns⁴, or $13 million, to make improvements⁵ to a special seed vault in the Arctic.

挪威宣布斥资1亿挪威克朗（约1300万美元）升级位于北极地区的特殊种子库。

The Norwegian government built the Svalbard Global Seed Vault in 2008 to store seed samples of the world’s crops and plants. The vault serves as a natural deep freeze, and is meant to protect important genetic⁶ material in case of a major man-made or natural disaster.

2008年，挪威政府建立了“斯瓦尔巴全球种子库”，目的是储存全球农作物和植物的种子样本。作为天然的深冻冷库，该种子库能在遭遇重大人为或自然灾害时保护重要的遗传物质。

It holds seed varieties of crops from around the world, including corn, rice and grains. The vault received its one-millionth seed sample on February 26, its 10th anniversary⁷. It has the ability to hold about 2.5 billion seeds in total.

它储存了全球各地农作物的种子品种，包括玉米、水稻和谷物。2月26日，即十周年纪念日当天，该种子库收到第100万个种子样本。该种子库能够储存25亿份种子样本。

The vault is located on an island about 1,000 kilometers from the North Pole. The samples are buried deep below a mountain.

该种子库位于距北极地区约1000公里的岛屿上。这些种子样本皆储存在一座大山深处。

Svalbard was chosen as the site of the seed bank, in part, because of the area’s permafrost – a thick layer of soil that stays frozen⁸ throughout the year. It makes for excellent underground cold storage.

斯瓦尔巴群岛当选为种子库所在地，一部分是因为该地区的永久冻土层——一年四季都处于冰冻状态中的厚厚的土壤。这为低温储藏提供了有利条件。

But in late 2016, the permafrost began to unexpectedly⁹ melt. This caused water to flow into the entrance of the vault tunnel. Officials said the seeds were never in danger. However, the event raised concerns about the need to better protect the samples.

然而2016年，冻土层开始意外解冻，这导致水流进入种子库的通道入口。有关官员表示，种子尚无危险。不过，该事件引发公众对需要更好地保护种子样本的担忧。

Norway’s Agriculture Ministry¹⁰ said improvements to the vault will include a new entry tunnel. They also include construction of a service building for emergency power and cooling units and electrical equipment that might send heat through the tunnel.

挪威农业部表示，升级种子库将包括打造一条新入口通道以及建立一栋服务大楼，用于放置应急电源、冷却装置以及可能通过隧道输入热量的电气设备。

Jon Georg Dale is Norway’s minister of agriculture and food. He announced the plans. He said they will help the vault continue to be a secure¹¹ storage area. “It is a great and important task to safeguard¹² all the genetic material that is crucial¹³ to global food security,” he said.

乔恩·格奥尔格·戴尔（Jon Georg Dale）是挪威农业与食品部部长。他宣布了这些升级计划。他表示，将帮助种子库继续成为安全的存储区域。他说，“保护攸关全球粮食安全的所有遗传物质是一项伟大而又重要的任务。”

The Svalbard vault acts as a backup to many of the world’s seed banks. In 2015, researchers took out seeds from the vault to help build seed collections in Lebanon and Morocco. Those sites were set up to protect materials from an important seed bank in Aleppo, Syria, which was damaged by violence from the country’s civil war.

斯瓦尔巴种子库是全球多个种子库的“后备军”。2015年，研究人员从该库中取出种子在黎巴嫩和摩洛哥建立了种子库。这些种子库是为了保护叙利亚阿勒颇一处重要种子库的种子，该地的种子库在叙利亚内战中被暴力摧毁。

The seeds were re-grown and returned to the Svalbard vault last year.

种子经过重新育种后，于去年被送回斯瓦尔巴种子库。

Dale said such efforts show “that the seed vault is a worldwide insurance for food supply for future generations.”

戴尔表示，这些举动表明，种子库是为后代提供粮食供应的全球保障措施。”

Words in This Story

vault – n. a locked room where money or valuable things are kept

sample(s) – n. a small amount of something that gives you information about the thing it was taken from

varieties – n. particular kinds of people or things

underground – adj. located or occurring below the surface of the earth

tunnel – n. a passage that goes under the ground or through a hill

construction – n. the act or process of building something

unit(s) – n. a machine or part of a machine or system that has a particular use

safeguard – v. to make someone or something safe or secure

crucial – adj. extremely important

insurance – n. protection from bad things that may happen in the future

1 invest   

v.投资；投入(时间等)；授予，赋予

参考例句：

• I have decided to invest in a new car.我已经决定买一辆新汽车。
• The best time to invest is now.现在是投资的最佳时机。

2 Arctic   

adj.北极的；n.北极

参考例句：

• They flew over the unlimited reaches of the Arctic.他们飞过了茫茫无边的北极上空。
• The sort of animal lived in the Arctic Circle.这种动物生活在北极圈里。

3 vault   

n.拱形圆顶，地窖，地下室

参考例句：

• The vault of this cathedral is very high.这座天主教堂的拱顶非常高。
• The old patrician was buried in the family vault.这位老贵族埋在家族的墓地里。

4 crowns   

n.王冠( crown的名词复数 )；花冠（有时象征胜利）；王权；（某物的）顶部

参考例句：

• Crowns and thrones may perish. 王权不会永存。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Every word of the Toran braided crowns for the Godhead. 犹太经典上的每个字都在给上帝编织花冠。 来自辞典例句

5 improvements   

增加或修改( improvement的名词复数 )； 改进； 改善； 改良

参考例句：

• improvements in efficiency at the factory 工厂效率的提高
• They've spent a lot of money on home improvements. 他们花了很多钱装修家居。

6 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

7 anniversary   

n.周年(纪念日)

参考例句：

• They celebrate their wedding anniversary annually.他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。
• Today is my parents'30th wedding anniversary.今天是我父母结婚30周年纪念日。

8 frozen   

adj.冻结的，冰冻的

参考例句：

• He was frozen to death on a snowing night.在一个风雪的晚上，他被冻死了。
• The weather is cold and the ground is frozen.天寒地冻。

9 unexpectedly   

adv.未料到地，意外地；竟；居然；骤然

参考例句：

• The volcano unexpectedly blew up early in the morning. 火山一早突然爆发了。
• I had just put the dinner on when Jim walked in unexpectedly. 我刚把晚饭摆上桌，吉姆突然走进来。

10 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

11 secure   

adj.无虑的，安心的，安全的；adj.牢靠的，稳妥的；vt.固定，获得，使...安全；vi.(海上工作人员)停止工；vi.(船)抛锚，停泊

参考例句：

• He found a secure foothold and pulled himself up.他找到了一个稳固的踏脚处并爬了上去。
• Extra men are needed to secure the camp against attack.需要增加兵力以保护军营免受攻击。

12 safeguard   

vt.保护，维护；n.预防措施，保证条款

参考例句：

• Keeping clean is a safeguard against disease.保持清洁是抵御疾病的防护措施。
• We must safeguard forest timber.我们必须保护森林。

13 crucial   

adj.极重要的，决定性的，关键性的

参考例句：

• It's a crucial decision.这是一个极其重要的决定。
• The foreign market was increasingly crucial.国外市场越来越重要了。