VOA慢速英语2019 美国官员称双胞胎出生率降至10年来最低水平

US Officials: Twin Births Drop to Lowest Level in 10 Years

United States health officials say the number of twin births nationwide has dropped to their lowest level in 10 years.

美国卫生官员表示，美国双胞胎出生人数已经降至十年来的最低水平。

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, reported the decrease. Twin births nationwide began to increase about 40 years ago, CDC records show. From 1980 until 2014, the total number rose 79 percent.

美国疾病预防控制中心报告了这一减少的情况。该中心的记录显示，全美国双胞胎的出生数量大约在40年前开始增长。从1980年到2014年，双胞胎总人数增加了79%。

But from 2014 to 2018, the twin birth rates fell 4 percent. Last year, there were 32.6 twins for every 1,000 total births, the CDC reported.

但是从2014年到2018年，双胞胎出生率下降了4%。美国疾病预防控制中心报告称，去年每1千名新生儿中就有32.6人是双胞胎。

While the latest drop was not huge, officials said they consider it a good sign. Pregnancy¹ with more than one child raises the risks of complications and death for both the mother and the baby.

虽然双胞胎出生率最近的跌幅不算很大，但官员们表示他们认为这是一个好兆头。怀上多胞胎增加了母亲和婴儿发生并发症和死亡的风险。

Dmitry Kissin is a doctor who works with the CDC’s Division of Reproductive Health. He told The Associated Press that many people do not realize there can be serious risks with twin births.

德米特里·基辛是美国疾病预防控制中心生殖健康部门的一位医生。他对美联社表示，许多人没有意识到双胞胎会带来巨大的风险。

“In the media,” he said, “there are often stories about very cute twins and talking about how great to have two babies at the same time.” Such stories ignore the health risks, Kissin added.

他说：“媒体上经常有关于非常可爱的双胞胎的新闻，称同时生下两个宝宝有多美好。”基辛表示，这类新闻忽视了健康风险。

In 2018, about 124,000 babies born in the United States were twins. That represents about one in every 31 births.

2018年，美国大约有12.4万名新生儿是双胞胎。这代表每31名新生儿中就有一人是双胞胎。

Health experts say there is no single explanation for the falling twin birth rates.

健康专家表示，双胞胎出生率下降没有单一的解释。

However, Joyce Martin, the lead writer of the report, suggested one likely reason. She noted² that the falling rates were only among white women and in women 30 years of age or older. Women from these groups are the biggest users of in vitro fertility treatments.

然而，该报告的主要作者乔伊斯·马丁提出了一种可能。她指出，双胞胎出生率仅在白人妇女和30岁以上妇女中的有所下降。这群女性是人工受孕的最大客户。

In vitro fertilization is when doctors combine male and female cells to create an embryo³, which is later implanted in a woman’s uterus. This technique results in about 15 percent of all births involving more than one baby.

人工受孕是指医生将精子和卵子结合形成一个胚胎，然后将其植入女性的子宫中。这项技术导致大约15%的孕妇会生出多胞胎。

In the past, it was common for fertility experts to implant⁴ two or more embryos⁵ to improve the chances of a successful birth. This greatly increased the woman’s chances of having more than one baby.

过去，生育专家通常会植入两个或多个胚胎来提高成功分娩的几率。这大大增加了女性产下多胞胎的几率。

In recent years, however, the method has changed. Fertility specialists now grow embryos longer in the lab and carry out more tests for genetic⁶ problems. They then choose the best single embryo to implant.

然而近年来，这种方式有所改变。生育专家现在让胚胎在实验室中发育更长时间，并对遗传问题进行检测。然后他们选择最佳的单个胚胎进行植入。

The CDC’s Dmitry Kissin says that today, about two-thirds of in vitro fertility treatments involve just one embryo.

美国疾病预防和控制中心的基辛表示，如今大约2/3的人工受孕只涉及一个胚胎。

Aaron Styer is an infertility⁷ treatment specialist in Chestnut⁸ Hill, Massachusetts. He told The AP the success rate for one embryo rose from about 20 percent in the 1980s to around 50 percent today.

亚伦·斯特尔是马萨诸塞州栗子山市的不育治疗专家。他对美联社表示，单个胚胎的成功率从上世纪80年代的20%上升到了如今的50%左右。

Styer said that health insurance companies and medical organizations have increasingly been pushing doctors to implant just a single embryo. More and more patients are also accepting the method to improve their chances of a successful pregnancy, he added.

斯特尔说，健康保险公司和医疗机构日益推动医生只植入单个胚胎。他还说，越来越多的患者也接受这种方式来提高成功妊娠的机会。

I’m Bryan Lynn.

Words in This Story

twin – n. one of two children born to the same mother at the same time

complication – n. something that makes a situation more difficult

cute – adj. having a pleasing and usually youthful appearance

embryo – n. an animal or human being in the early days of development

uterus – n. a muscular organ in the female mammal for carrying the young while it develops inside her body

insurance – n. a process in which a company or government agency provides a guarantee of payment for losses or damages

1 pregnancy   

n.怀孕，怀孕期

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕早期常有恶心的现象。
• Smoking during pregnancy increases the risk of miscarriage.怀孕期吸烟会增加流产的危险。

2 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

3 embryo   

n.胚胎，萌芽的事物

参考例句：

• They are engaging in an embryo research.他们正在进行一项胚胎研究。
• The project was barely in embryo.该计划只是个雏形。

4 implant   

vt.注入，植入，灌输

参考例句：

• A good teacher should implant high ideals in children.好教师应该把高尚理想灌输给孩子们。
• The operation to implant the artificial heart took two hours.人工心脏植入手术花费了两小时。

5 embryos   

n.晶胚；胚，胚胎( embryo的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Somatic cells of angiosperms enter a regenerative phase and behave like embryos. 被子植物体细胞进入一个生殖阶段，而且其行为象胚。 来自辞典例句
• Evolution can explain why human embryos look like gilled fishes. 进化论能够解释为什么人类的胚胎看起来象除去了内脏的鱼一样。 来自辞典例句

6 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

7 infertility   

n.不肥沃，不毛；不育

参考例句：

• It is the Geneva, Switzerland-based Biotech Company's second recombinant infertility drug. 它是瑞士生物技术公司在日内瓦的公司生产的第二种重组治疗不孕症的药。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术制药疫苗
• Endometritis is a cause of infertility. 子宫内膜炎是不育的原子。 来自辞典例句

8 chestnut   

n.栗树，栗子

参考例句：

• We have a chestnut tree in the bottom of our garden.我们的花园尽头有一棵栗树。
• In summer we had tea outdoors,under the chestnut tree.夏天我们在室外栗树下喝茶。