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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
France Shuts Down As Nationwide Strike, Protests Begin 法国因全国罢工而关闭，抗议活动开始
The Eiffel Tower closed down and France's high-speed trains stood still Thursday as labor1 unions launched nationwide strikes.
The unions are protesting the government's plan to reform the retirement2 system.
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由于工会发起全国性罢工，艾菲尔铁塔关闭，法国的高铁周四停滞。
工会抗议政府改革退休制度的计划。
Officials in Paris set up barriers around the home of France's president and deployed3 6,000 police officers as activists4 gathered for a march through the city. Many of the protesters wore yellow vests.
The strikes are the biggest test to the president since the yellow vest movement for economic justice was launched a year ago. Organizers hope a mass show of anger toward his reform plan will force the government to make concessions5.
巴黎的官员在法国总统的住所周围设置了障碍，并派出6000名警察，激进分子齐聚巴黎游行。 许多抗议者穿着黄色背心。
自一年前发起黄色经济正义背心运动以来，罢工是对总统的最大考验。 组织者希望群众对他的改革计划表示愤怒，将迫使政府做出让步。
To Macron, the reforms are central to his effort to make France more competitive internationally. His government argues that the country's 42 retirement systems need to be simpler and more effective.
All French retirees receive a government pension, but there are differences across the retirement systems. People working for private businesses are part of the general pension system. They make up about seven in 10 workers. But experts and professionals in many fields have a special pension plan. Some people, like railroad workers and flight crews, are permitted to take early retirement. Others, like doctors and lawyers, pay less tax.
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对马克龙而言，改革对他提高法国在国际上的竞争力的努力至关重要。他的政府认为，该国的42种退休制度需要更简单，更有效。
所有法国退休人员都可以领取政府退休金，但退休制度之间存在差异。在私营企业工作的人是普通养老金系统的一部分。他们占十分之一的工人。但是许多领域的专家和专业人员都有特殊的退休金计划。一些人，例如铁路工人和飞行机组人员，被允许提前退休。其他人，例如医生和律师，缴纳的税款更少。
Macron wants to replace the retirement system with a unified6 plan, so that all workers have the same pension rights.
While some private sector7 workers welcome Macron's reform, others support the strikers.
Macron希望以统一计划代替退休制度，以便所有工人享有相同的退休金权利。
一些私营部门的工人欢迎马克龙的改革，而另一些则支持罢工者。
Public sector workers fear Macron's reform will force them to work longer than those in the private sector. They also fear it will reduce the size of their pensions. They see the strike as an effort to save France's protections for workers.
Joseph Kakou works as an overnight security guard in western Paris. He walked an hour to get home to the eastern side of the city on Thursday morning.
He told The Associated Press,"It doesn't please us to walk. It doesn't please us to have to strike. But we are obliged to because we can't work until 90 years old."
公共部门的工人担心马克龙的改革将迫使他们的工作时间比私营部门的人更长。他们还担心这会减少养老金的规模。他们认为罢工是为了挽救法国对工人的保护。
Joseph Kakou在巴黎西部担任通宵保安。周四早晨，他步行一个小时回到市区东部。
他告诉美联社，“这不讨好我们走路。不讨好我们罢工。但是我们不得不这样做，因为我们要等到90岁以后才能工作。”
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An open-ended movement
Many workers in and around Paris worked from home or spent the day with their children. Almost 80 percent of teachers in the French capital were on strike.
In preparation for possible violence and damage on the route of the Paris march, police ordered all restaurants and other businesses along the way to close.
由于罢工，许多外国人取消了前往世界上访问量最大的国家之一的计划。
毫无准备的游客周四抵达空站，每10趟高速火车中有9趟被取消。巴黎奥利机场的标志显示“取消”的告示，因为大约20％的航班被停飞。
Police closely inspected more than 3,000 people arriving for the protest and detained 18 people even before it started. Embassies warned visitors to avoid the protest area.
Parisians are not the only ones striking. Thousands of union activists marched through French cities from Marseille on the Mediterranean8 to Lille in the north.
一些旅行者表示支持罢工工人。其他人则反对，说他们被卷入了其他人的战斗之中。
智利的弗拉基米尔·马德拉（Vladimir Madeira）曾去巴黎度假。他说罢工是一场“噩梦”。马德拉（Madeira）说，直到他到达巴黎，他才听说过抗议活动。他原计划周四直接从法国前往瑞士，但取消旅行改变了他的计划。
It is unknown how long the strike will last. Transport Minister Elisabeth Borne said she expects the travel difficulties to continue through Friday.
Labor unions say the protest is an open-ended movement. They hope the strike continues for at least a week, in hopes of forcing the government to change its plans.
在封闭的埃菲尔铁塔附近，来自泰国，加拿大和西班牙的游客也表达了类似的担忧。
巴黎各地的地铁站都关闭，导致交通拥堵，并导致许多人在接近冰点的温度下共享自行车或使用电动踏板车。
Words in This Story
vest - n. a sleeveless piece of clothing with buttons down the front that is worn over a shirt and under a suit jacket
concessions - n. the act of giving up something or doing something in order to reach agreement
sector - n. an area of an economy
metro9 - n. an underground railway system in some cities
scooter - n. a small vehicle with two wheels that is powered by a motor and that has a low seat and a flat area for resting your feet
route - n. a way to get from one place to another place
nightmare - n. a very bad or frightening experience or situation
oblige - v. to force or require (someone or something) to do something because of a law or rule or because it is necessary
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labor
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| n.劳动，努力，工作，劳工；分娩；vi.劳动，努力，苦干；vt.详细分析；麻烦 | |
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retirement
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| n.退休，退职 | |
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deployed
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| （尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用 | |
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activists
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| n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 ) | |
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concessions
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| n.（尤指由政府或雇主给予的）特许权( concession的名词复数 )；承认；减价；（在某地的）特许经营权 | |
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unified
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| (unify 的过去式和过去分词)； 统一的； 统一标准的； 一元化的 | |
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sector
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| n.部门，部分；防御地段，防区；扇形 | |
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Mediterranean
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| adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的 | |
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metro
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| n.地铁；adj.大都市的；(METRO)麦德隆(财富500强公司之一总部所在地德国，主要经营零售) | |
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