VOA慢速英语2019 国际法院开始审理缅甸种族灭绝案 昂山素季亲赴海牙辩护

 

Public hearings on genocide accusations² against Myanmar have ended at the International Court of Justice in The Hague, Netherlands.

对缅甸种族灭绝指控的公开审判已经在荷兰海牙国际法院落下帷幕。

On Thursday, the lawyer presenting the case against Myanmar said Burmese leader Aung San Suu Kyi ignored reports of mass killings³ and rape⁴ as she defended her country at the United Nations court.

对缅甸提出指控的律师周四表示，缅甸领导人昂山素季在国际法院为缅甸辩护时，完全无视了大规模杀戮和强奸的报告。

Paul Reichler told the ICJ Suu Kyi chose to ignore the reported sexual violence because "it is undeniable and unspeakable."

保罗·莱希勒对国际法院表示，昂山素季选择忽略所报道的性暴力，是因为“这是不可否认且难以言喻的。”

Suu Kyi said during hearings Wednesday that the charge of genocide is "misleading" because "cycles of intercommunal violence" in Myanmar date "back to the 1940s." She argued that the military's action in Rakhine state, Myanmar, was an anti-terrorism campaign against a violent Rohingya extremist group.

昂山素季在周三的审讯中表示，种族灭绝指控“具有误导性”，因为缅甸的“社区间暴力循环”可以追溯到上世纪40年代。她认为军方在缅甸若开邦的行动是针对一家暴力的罗兴亚极端主义组织的反恐行动。

Aung San Suu Kyi said the Rohingya minority fled from a civil conflict started by planned attacks by the Arakan Rohingya Salvation⁵ Army. The armed group attacked security positions in western Rakhine state in August 2017. She said "Myanmar's defense⁶ services" answered those terror attacks, targeting the militants⁷ who had carried them out.

昂山素季表示，罗兴亚少数民族是在逃离一场由阿拉干罗兴亚救世军有计划袭击引发的内战。该武装组织于2017年8月袭击了若开邦西部的安全阵地。她说，缅甸国防部对这些恐怖袭击做出了回应，把实施袭击的激进分子作为攻击目标。

She also said that Myanmar is seeking to investigate and bring to justice any crime done during the campaign by troops and others.

她还表示，缅甸正在寻求调查军方和其他人员在军事行动期间犯下的任何罪行，并会将其绳之以法。

At least 700,000 Rohingya fled to neighboring Bangladesh during the Myanmar military campaign. A U.N. investigation⁸ found that campaign was carried out "with genocidal intent." Investigators⁹ said as many as 10,000 Rohingya, a Muslim minority in Myanmar, were killed.

在缅甸军事行动期间，至少有70万罗兴亚人逃往了邻国孟加拉国。联合国调查发现，这场军事行动的进行是“出于种族灭绝意图。”调查人员说，作为缅甸穆斯林少数民族的罗兴亚人有高达1万人被杀。

U.N. investigators spoke¹⁰ to witnesses of the military action. The witnesses provided many reports of massacres¹¹, extrajudicial killings, mass rapes¹² and the burning of entire villages.

联合国调查人员与这场军事行动的目击者进行了交谈。目击者提供了许多关于屠杀、法外处决、大规模强奸和焚烧整个村庄的报告。

The Gambia brought the case against Myanmar to the ICJ, as requested by the Organization for Islamic Cooperation. When the hearings opened Tuesday, lawyers for The Gambia told of the reported atrocities¹³.

冈比亚应伊斯兰合作组织的要求将缅甸告到了国际法院。当周二的审讯开始时，冈比亚的律师讲述了所报道的暴行。

The Gambia is seeking special measures to protect the Rohingyas until the genocide case is heard in full.

冈比亚正在寻求采取特殊措施保护罗兴亚人，直到这起种族灭绝案件得到全面审理为止。

Gambian Justice Minister Abubacarr Tambadou told reporters, "We are signatories to the Genocide Convention like any other state. It shows that you don't have to have military power or economic power to stand for justice."

冈比亚司法部长阿布巴卡尔·坦贝杜对记者表示：“我们是《灭绝种族罪公约》对缔约国。这表明我们无需军事实力或经济实力保证，就能捍卫这种正义。”

Aung San Suu Kyi won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991 for her pro-democracy stand against Myanmar's military government at the time. It placed her under house arrest for 15 years until finally freeing her in 2010. But her defense of the military's actions against the Rohingya has damaged her public image as a fighter for democracy and human rights.

昂山素季1991年凭借当时反对缅甸军政府的民主立场获得了诺贝尔和平奖。这使得她被软禁15年，直到2010年被最终释放。但是她对军方对罗兴亚人所采取行动的辩护损害了她作为民主和人权斗士的公众形象。

The Rohingya were excluded from a 1982 citizenship¹⁴ law that bases full legal status through membership in a government-recognized native group. The Myanmar government considers the Rohingya illegal immigrants from Bangladesh, a move that has left the ethnic¹⁵ group stateless.

罗兴亚人被排除在1982年的《公民法》之外，这部法律将政府认可的本地族群身份作为享有完全法律地位的基础。缅甸政府认为罗兴亚人是来自孟加拉国的非法移民，这使得该民族没有国籍。

A ruling from the court to approve measures to protect the Rohingya is expected within weeks. A final ruling on the accusation¹ of genocide could take several years.

预计国际法院批准保护罗兴亚人措施的裁决将在几个星期内出台。关于种族灭绝指控的最终裁决可能需要数年时间。

1 accusation   

n.控告，指责，谴责

参考例句：

• I was furious at his making such an accusation.我对他的这种责备非常气愤。
• She knew that no one would believe her accusation.她知道没人会相信她的指控。

2 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

3 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

4 rape   

n.抢夺，掠夺，强奸；vt.掠夺，抢夺，强奸

参考例句：

• The rape of the countryside had a profound ravage on them.对乡村的掠夺给他们造成严重创伤。
• He was brought to court and charged with rape.他被带到法庭并被指控犯有强奸罪。

5 salvation   

n.（尤指基督）救世，超度，拯救，解困

参考例句：

• Salvation lay in political reform.解救办法在于政治改革。
• Christians hope and pray for salvation.基督教徒希望并祈祷灵魂得救。

6 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

7 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

8 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

9 investigators   

n.调查者，审查者( investigator的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• This memo could be the smoking gun that investigators have been looking for. 这份备忘录可能是调查人员一直在寻找的证据。
• The team consisted of six investigators and two secretaries. 这个团队由六个调查人员和两个秘书组成。 来自《简明英汉词典》

10 spoke   

n.（车轮的）辐条；轮辐；破坏某人的计划；阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈（speak的过去式）；说；演说；从某种观点来说

参考例句：

• They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。
• The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

11 massacres   

大屠杀( massacre的名词复数 )； 惨败

参考例句：

• The time is past for guns and killings and massacres. 动不动就用枪、动不动就杀、大规模屠杀的时代已经过去了。 来自教父部分
• Numberless recent massacres were still vivid in their recollection. 近来那些不可胜数的屠杀，在他们的头脑中记忆犹新。

12 rapes   

n.芸苔( rape的名词复数 )；强奸罪；强奸案；肆意损坏v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的第三人称单数 )；强奸

参考例句：

• The man who had committed several rapes was arrested. 那个犯了多起强奸案的男人被抓起来了。 来自辞典例句
• The incidence of reported rapes rose 0.8 percent. 美国联邦调查局还发布了两份特别报告。 来自互联网

13 atrocities   

n.邪恶，暴行( atrocity的名词复数 )；滔天大罪

参考例句：

• They were guilty of the most barbarous and inhuman atrocities. 他们犯有最野蛮、最灭绝人性的残暴罪行。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The enemy's atrocities made one boil with anger. 敌人的暴行令人发指。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

14 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

15 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。