VOA慢速英语2019 小议“社会情境下的”动词和介词

‘Social’ Verbs and Prepositions

Talking, laughing, joking – these are some of the actions we do while we are with friends and family.

说话、笑、开玩笑——这些是我们跟亲友在一起时会做的一些动作。 

In today’s report, we explore the grammar behind such actions. Specifically, we will show you how English speakers use verbs and prepositions to describe common actions in social situations.

在本期节目中，我们将探索这些动作背后蕴藏的语法知识。具体来说，我们要向大家介绍外国的朋友是如何使用动词和介词来描述社交情境下的常见动作的。

In earlier Everyday Grammar programs, we explored phrasal verbs. Phrasal verbs have a verb and a particle, a kind of short word.

在之前的《每日语法》栏目中，我们探索过动词短语的知识。动词短语中包含动词和小品词（一种很短的词）。

Phrasal verbs have an idiomatic¹ meaning. In other words, the words together mean something different from what you might expect.

动词短语有惯用的含义。换言之，一些单词组合在一起后就可能会有与预期不同的含义。 

Today, we explore verbs and prepositions that appear next to each other in a sentence. Although they may look like phrasal verbs, they do not have an idiomatic meaning.

今天，我们来探索一个句子中相邻的动词和介词。他们可能看起来像动词短语，但他们并没有惯用含义。

We will talk about two main groups: social verbs with "about" and social verbs with "to."

我们将主要讨论2组词：社交情境下带about的动词以及社交情境下带to的动词。 

Our first group includes the verbs talk, laugh and joke. In everyday speech, speakers often use these verbs with the preposition "about."

第一组词包括如下动词：说话、笑、开玩笑。在日常用语中，说话人通常会使用带有介词about的动词。

Our next group of "social" verb and preposition combinations includes "talk to" and "listen to."

第二组“社会情境下的”动词和介词组合是talk to和listen to。 

Talk and "listen" are verbs; "to" is a preposition.

talk和listen是动词，to是介词。 

You can talk to someone and you can listen to someone.For example:

你可以跟某人说话，也可以听某人说话。比如： 

I enjoy talking to my friends and family.

我喜欢跟亲友聊天。 

She said I was not listening to her.

她说我没在听她说话。 

In future Everyday Grammar stories, we will talk about more fun grammar topics...

在之后的《每日语法》中，我们会讨论更多有趣的语法主题…… 

And that’s Everyday Grammar.

以上就是本期的《每日语法》。 

1 idiomatic   

adj.成语的，符合语言习惯的

参考例句：

• In our reading we should always be alert for idiomatic expressions.我们在阅读过程中应经常注意惯用法。
• In his lecture,he bore down on the importance of idiomatic usage in a language.他在演讲中着重强调了语言中习惯用法的重要性。