VOA慢速英语2019 美国最高法院裁定新的庇护规则可以继续执行

US Supreme¹ Court: New Asylum² Rule Can Go Forward

The United States Supreme Court ruled late Wednesday to lift court orders blocking a new rule on asylum seekers at the southern U.S. border.

美国最高法院周三晚些时候宣布解除阻止美国南部边境庇护申请者新规生效的法庭命令。

The court ruling requires these individuals to seek asylum in the countries they pass through on their way to the United States. If their requests are then denied, they may ask the U.S. government for asylum.

最高法院判决要求这些人在前往美国途经的国家申请庇护。如果他们的申请被拒绝，他们可以要求美国政府提供庇护。

The court’s ruling cancels orders by lower courts and permits the new policy to go into effect.

最高法院的这项判决废除了下级法院的命令，并允许这项新政策生效。

Two of the nine Supreme Court justices -- Sonia Sotomayor and Ruth Bader Ginsburg -- disagreed, or dissented³.

最高法院的9位法官中有两人持反对意见，他们是索尼娅·索托马约尔和露丝·巴德·金斯堡。

After a legal challenge to the new policy, U.S. District Judge Jon Tigar in San Francisco ordered in July that the policy be blocked all over the country. The government appealed the judge’s decision.

在对这项新政策提出上诉之后，美国旧金山地方法院法官乔恩·蒂格今年7月下令在全国范围内叫停该政策。美国政府对该法官的裁决提出了上诉。

A three-judge panel⁴ of the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals then ruled that the new policy could only be blocked in the states of Arizona and California, where the 9th Circuit Court has jurisdiction⁵.

美国第九巡回上诉法庭的三人法官小组随后裁定，只有第九巡回法庭有权管辖的亚利桑那州和加利福尼亚州可以叫停这项新政策。

That meant the administration of President Donald Trump⁶ could enforce the rule in the states of New Mexico and Texas.

这意味着川普政府可以在新墨西哥州和德克萨斯州实行该政策。

Then on Monday, Tigar released a new order again blocking the policy everywhere in the U.S. The following day, the 9th Circuit court again limited Tigar’s order to the states of California and Arizona.

然后到了周一，蒂格再次发布新命令，叫停这项政策在全国各地实施。第二天，第九巡回法庭再次将蒂格的命令限制在加利福尼亚州和亚利桑那州。

The Supreme Court’s decision on Wednesday permits the new rule to go forward as legal action against it continues to go through the court system.

最高法院周三裁决，在对这项新规的诉讼仍在进行之际，此规定可以实施。

Rule affects those seeking asylum from Central America

中美洲寻求庇护者受新规影响

Thousands of people have been put on waiting lists at border crossings in Mexico to make asylum claims in the U.S. More than 30,000 people have been turned back to Mexico to wait out their asylum claims there, the Associated Press reports.

据美联社报道，有数百人已经被列入墨西哥边境口岸向美国提出庇护申请的等候名单。已经有3万多人回到了墨西哥在那里等待庇护申请完毕。

People seeking asylum in the U.S. must pass a screening called a “credible fear” interview. It is meant to find out whether asylum-seekers face danger in their home country. Most people pass this step in the process and must wait for further action. However, under the new rule, candidates cannot pass unless they have sought asylum in at least one country they traveled through, and were denied.

在美国申请庇护的人士必须通过一项名为“可信的恐惧”面谈的筛查。它旨在查明庇护申请人是否在其祖国面临危险。大多数人通过了庇护申请过程中的这一步骤，必须等待进一步行动。然而根据新规申请人无法通过，除非他们在至少一个途径国家申请庇护并被拒绝。

In publishing the new rules, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) said it faces more requests than it can deal with. Of the 900,000 immigration cases waiting trial, 436,000 include asylum applications, it said.

美国国土安全部在发布这项新规时表示，该部门收到的申请数量超过了其处理能力。该部门表示，在90万份等待审理的移民案件中，有43.6万份包含庇护申请。

Lee Gelernt is the American Civil Liberties Union lawyer who is representing pro-immigration groups in the case. He said the decision is temporary and that he believes he will win the case. “The lives of thousands of families are at stake,” he added.

李·格伦特是美国公民自由联盟的律师，他代表这起案件中的亲移民团体。他说这项裁决是暂时性的，他相信他会赢得这起案件。他还说：“数千个家庭的性命危在旦夕。”

The acting⁷ U.S. Customs and Border protection commissioner⁸, Mark Morgan, said the Trump administration is “doing everything they can” to deal with the situation at the U.S. border with Mexico.

美国海关和边境保护局代理局长马克·摩根表示，川普政府正在“竭尽其能”应对美墨边境局势。

I’m Mario Ritter Jr.

Words in This Story

challenge –n. a legal action against something

panel –n. a group with special knowledge that is to make decisions

jurisdiction –n. the power or right to make judgements about law in a certain area

interview –n. a meeting at which people talk to each other in order to ask questions and get information

1 supreme   

adj.极度的，最重要的；至高的，最高的

参考例句：

• It was the supreme moment in his life.那是他一生中最重要的时刻。
• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。

2 asylum   

n.避难所，庇护所，避难

参考例句：

• The people ask for political asylum.人们请求政治避难。
• Having sought asylum in the West for many years,they were eventually granted it.他们最终获得了在西方寻求多年的避难权。

3 dissented   

不同意，持异议( dissent的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• We dissented from the decision. 对那项决定我们表示了不同意见。
• He dissented and questioned the justice of the award. 他提出质问，说裁判不公允。

4 panel   

n.面，板，专门小组，控制板，仪表盘

参考例句：

• The unusual control panel on the walls caught our attention.墙上不同寻常的控制板引起了我们的注意。
• The panel of judges included several well-known writers.评判小组中包括几位知名作家。

5 jurisdiction   

n.司法权，审判权，管辖权，控制权

参考例句：

• It doesn't lie within my jurisdiction to set you free.我无权将你释放。
• Changzhou is under the jurisdiction of Jiangsu Province.常州隶属江苏省。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

8 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。