VOA慢速英语2019 私人博物馆收藏加沙文物

Private Museums Store Gaza’s Artifacts

At Walid al-Aqqad’s home in Gaza, hundreds of ancient pots and other objects hang on the walls. In his backyard, pieces of Corinthian columns are on show.

在瓦利德·阿尔·阿卡德加沙的家中，墙壁上悬挂着数以百计的古代陶器和其他物品。后院里，科林斯式的柱子正在展出。

These works represent five thousand years of Gaza’s history.

这些作品代表了加沙五千年的历史。 

A small piece of land on the Mediterranean¹, Gaza was a major trade path between Egypt and the Levant.

加沙是地中海上的一小块陆地，是埃及与黎凡特地区之间的主要贸易通道。 

But years of uprisings, war and political problems have hurt examples of its rich archaeological history.

但多年的暴动、战争以及政治问题对其丰富的考古遗产造成了沉重的打击。 

Hamas took control of Gaza from the Palestinian Authority in 2007. In response, Egypt and Israel ordered a blockade on Gaza.

2007年，哈马斯（武装组织）从巴勒斯坦权力机构手中接过对加沙的实际控制。作为回应，埃及和以色列下令对加沙实施封锁。

The Palestinians say the closures have also restricted excavations², limiting new discoveries.

巴勒斯坦人表示，封锁也阻碍了文物的挖掘，并限制了获得新发现的可能性。 

Hamas has done little to protect Gaza’s ancient works and in some cases has destroyed them. In 2017, Hamas leaders destroyed large parts of Tel Es-Sakan, the remains³ of a 4,500-year-old Bronze Age city, to make way for building projects.

在保护加沙的文物古迹方面，哈马斯做得很少，某些情况下，甚至还毁坏文物。2017年，哈马斯领导人破坏了有着4500年历史的青铜时代城市遗址，Es-Sakan（尘埃之丘）的大部分地区，以便为建设项目腾出空间。

Ayman Hassouna is professor of history and archaeology⁴ at Gaza’s Islamic University. Hassouna blamed Israel, the Palestinian Authority and Hamas equally for not protecting the territory’s cultural history.

艾曼·哈苏纳是加沙伊斯兰大学的历史和考古学教授。哈苏纳同时指责以色列、巴勒斯坦权力机构和哈马斯都没有保护该地区的文化历史。

He says Israel has seized objects from archaeological digs and did little to prevent sales of important ancient pieces.

他称，以色列从考古挖掘中掠夺文物，并且没有采取任何措施阻止重要文物的买卖。 

Palestinian leaders of Gaza since 1995 have “attacked many archaeological sites — either intentionally⁵ or not,” he said.

他称，自1995年以来，管理加沙地区的巴勒斯坦领导人“有意或无意地破坏了许多考古遗址”。 

He also blamed a lack of awareness⁶ among Gazans of the importance of keeping ancient objects and sites untouched.

他还指责加沙人缺乏对完好保护古代文物和遗址重要性的认识。 

“When they find something, they [people in Gaza] would hide it or build over it,” he said.

他说：“当他们（加沙人）发现什么东西的时候，就会把它藏起来或在它上面建造东西。” 

Heyam al-Bitar is an archaeologist with Gaza’s ministry⁷ of tourism and antiquities⁸. She said trafficking of ancient goods is a problem. She added the ministry only learned earlier this year that many ancient Greek silver coins were stolen from Gaza in 2016.

海亚姆·阿尔·比塔尔是加沙旅游和古物部的考古学家。她表示，贩卖文物是个问题。她补充道，今年早些时候加沙旅游和古物部才得知许多古希腊银币在2016年就从加沙被盗走。

“It’s difficult to track down the trafficking because everything happens in the dark,” she said.

她说：“走私活动很难追查，因为一切都是在暗中进行的。” 

Al-Aqqad is one of the few people trying to save such objects in Gaza. He began his collection in 1975, buying from collectors or searching the coast and new construction sites. Now his house in the southern city of Khan Younis is a museum, welcoming school children and other students of history.

阿尔·阿卡德是加沙为数不多的试图拯救文物的人之一。他于1975年开始收藏，藏品主要从收藏家手里购买或在海岸和新的建筑工地上搜寻得来。现在，他在汗尤尼斯南部城市的房子成为了一个博物馆，接待中小学生和其他历史学生参观。

“This museum was established by personal efforts and at the expense of my children’s bread,” al-Aqqad said.

阿尔·阿卡德说：“这个博物馆是通过个人努力，并且以牺牲我孩子们的面包为代价建立起来的。”  

His is one of five legally registered private collections in the Gaza Strip, according to the ministry of tourism.

根据旅游部的数据，他是加沙地带五个合法注册拥有私人藏品的人之一。 

The ministry keeps a record of all private collections to prevent objects from being sold or removed from Gaza, said al-Bitar.

阿尔·比塔尔表示，旅游部存有所有私人收藏品的记录，以防止文物从加沙被出售或转移出去。 

Owners have received training from the ministry and the Islamic University on how to care for and repair ancient works, she added.

她补充称，文物拥有者已经接受了加沙旅游和古物部以及伊斯兰大学的培训，来学习如何保护和修复文物。

1 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

2 excavations   

n.挖掘( excavation的名词复数 )；开凿；开凿的洞穴（或山路等）；（发掘出来的）古迹

参考例句：

• The excavations are open to the public. 发掘现场对公众开放。
• This year's excavations may reveal ancient artifacts. 今年的挖掘可能会发现史前古器物。 来自辞典例句

3 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

4 archaeology   

n.考古学

参考例句：

• She teaches archaeology at the university.她在大学里教考古学。
• He displayed interest in archaeology.他对考古学有兴趣。

5 intentionally   

ad.故意地，有意地

参考例句：

• I didn't say it intentionally. 我是无心说的。
• The local authority ruled that he had made himself intentionally homeless and was therefore not entitled to be rehoused. 当地政府裁定他是有意居无定所，因此没有资格再获得提供住房。

6 awareness   

n.意识，觉悟，懂事，明智

参考例句：

• There is a general awareness that smoking is harmful.人们普遍认识到吸烟有害健康。
• Environmental awareness has increased over the years.这些年来人们的环境意识增强了。

7 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

8 antiquities   

n.古老( antiquity的名词复数 )；古迹；古人们；古代的风俗习惯

参考例句：

• There is rest and healing in the contemplation of antiquities. 欣赏古物有休息和疗养之功。 来自辞典例句
• Bertha developed a fine enthusiasm for the antiquities of London. 伯沙对伦敦的古迹产生了很大的热情。 来自辞典例句