VOA慢速英语2020 美国批准首个针对埃博拉病毒的疗法

US Approves First Treatment for Ebola Virus

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved the world's first treatment for the deadly Ebola virus.

美国食品药品监督管理局（简称FDA）批准了全球首个针对致命埃博拉病毒的疗法。

The treatment, Inmazeb, is a combination of three genetically-engineered antibodies. The company Regeneron Pharmaceuticals¹ developed it to treat both young and old patients with the virus version called Zaire Ebola. It is the deadliest kind of Ebola known to infect humans. Zaire Ebola usually kills 60 to 90 percent of patients.

这种被称为“银马泽伯”的疗法是三种转基因抗体的组合。再生元制药公司开发了这种疗法，用于治疗感染扎伊尔型埃博拉病毒的年轻患者和老年患者。该病毒是已知感染人类的最致命的埃博拉病毒。扎伊尔型埃博拉病毒通常会导致60%至90%的患者死亡。

FDA officials announced the approval of Inmazeb on Wednesday.

美国食药监局官员周三宣布批准“银马泽伯”疗法。

The Zaire Ebola virus can spread easily through direct contact with body fluids of infected people or animals. Signs of the disease include increased body temperature, pain, stomach sickness, kidney and liver damage, and bleeding. People who provide care to infected individuals are at highest risk of contracting the virus.

扎伊尔型埃博拉病毒可通过直接接触受感染人类或动物的体液而轻松传播。该疾病的症状包括发烧、疼痛、胃病、肾脏和肝脏损伤以及出血。为感染者提供护理的人员感染这种病毒的风险最高。

Regeneron's drug was one of four tested during a Zaire Ebola outbreak in Congo between 2018 to 2019. The outbreak killed almost 2,300 people.

再生元公司研发的药物是2018年至2019年扎伊尔型埃博拉疫情在刚果爆发期间测试的四种药物之一。这次疫情导致近2300人死亡。

Regeneron received support from the U.S. National Institutes of Health and international health agencies.

再生元公司获得了美国国立卫生研究院和国际卫生机构的支持。

The study involved 681 people infected with the virus. After four weeks, about one-third of 154 patients who received Inmazeb had died. Similar results were reported for a group that got a different drug. But, about half the patients died among the other two groups given one of the other two drugs.

这项研究涉及681名病毒感染者。四周后，154名接受“银马泽伯”疗法的患者中有约三分之一的人死亡。服用另一种药物的一组患者报告了类似的结果。但是，服用另两种药物之一的其他两组患者中有约一半人死亡。

The study ended early last year so all patients could get Inmazeb.

这项研究于去年年初结束，因此所有患者均能获得“银马泽伯”疗法。

Leah Lipsich leads Regeneron's infectious diseases program. She said, "When you have three drugs that bind² to the (virus), there's a low probability that the virus can evade³ all of them."

莉亚·利普西奇负责领导再生元公司的传染病项目。她表示，“当有三种药物与病毒结合时，病毒对所有药物都免疫的可能性很低。”

Lipsich noted⁴ that the FDA's approval will make it easier for the company to get permission to use the drug during outbreaks in African countries.

利普西奇指出，美国食药监局的批准将使该公司在非洲国家爆发疫情时更容易获得使用该药物的许可。

George D. Yancopoulos is Regeneron's chief scientific officer. He said the drug maker⁵ is using the same technology to develop an antibody drug to treat COVID-19. He said in a statement, "we hope this will be one of many demonstrations⁶ of how the power of science can be successfully deployed⁷ against dangerous infectious diseases."

乔治·D·扬科普洛斯是再生元公司的首席科学官。他表示，这家制药公司正在使用同样的技术开发一种治疗治疗肺炎的抗体药物。他在声明中表示，“我们希望这将成为如何成功运用科学力量对付危险传染病的众多例证之一。”

The antibody combination technology has also been used to develop drugs to treat HIV, the cause of AIDS. Regeneron and drug maker Eli Lilly are now asking the FDA to permit emergency use of experimental engineered antibody medicine to treat patients with COVID-19.

抗体组合技术还被用于开发治疗艾滋病病毒的药物。目前，再生元公司和制药商礼来公司请求美国食药监局允许紧急使用实验性转基因抗体药物治疗新冠肺炎患者。

The FDA approved the first vaccine⁸ for Ebola last December. That drug, Ervebo, is made by Merck.

美国食药监局去年12月批准了首个埃博拉疫苗。这种名为Ervebo的疫苗由默克公司生产。

1 pharmaceuticals   

n.医药品；药物( pharmaceutical的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• the development of new pharmaceuticals 新药的开发
• The companies are pouring trillions of yen into biotechnology research,especially for pharmaceuticals and new seeds. 这些公司将大量资金投入生物工艺学研究，尤其是药品和新种子方面。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 bind   

vt.捆，包扎；装订；约束；使凝固；vi.变硬

参考例句：

• I will let the waiter bind up the parcel for you.我让服务生帮你把包裹包起来。
• He wants a shirt that does not bind him.他要一件不使他觉得过紧的衬衫。

3 evade   

vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避

参考例句：

• He tried to evade the embarrassing question.他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。
• You are in charge of the job.How could you evade the issue?你是负责人，你怎么能对这个问题不置可否？

4 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

5 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

6 demonstrations   

证明( demonstration的名词复数 )； 表明； 表达； 游行示威

参考例句：

• Lectures will be interspersed with practical demonstrations. 讲课中将不时插入实际示范。
• The new military government has banned strikes and demonstrations. 新的军人政府禁止罢工和示威活动。

7 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

8 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。